专题3 素养培优(1) 词汇新要求题——1词多义、熟词生义与词类活用（随堂演练）（Word练习）-【正禾一本通】2026年高考英语二轮专题复习高效讲义

A (2025·杭州市高三年级教学质量检测)I remember opening my iPad one day in fifth grade，inspired by a light-hearted conversation with my cousin about scary stories.Hours later，I 　1　 my first short story.Writing 　2　 became a beloved hobby，but as I grew older，the 　3　 began to fade.I started reading more books，encountering critiques online，and comparing my work to others.Self-doubt crept in，and what once felt like a creative outlet became a source of 　4　.I felt I had to be “good” at writing to share it. This 　5　 happens often.Hobbies start as a form of 　6　，a way to relax ourselves.Yet，over time，societal pressures to 　7　 can change how we view them.Whether it’s painting，playing an instrument，or any other 　8　，there’s an expectation to perform at a high level.When we don’t meet that standard，the joy fades，replaced by feelings of inadequacy. For me，writing has been the one hobby I’ve regularly returned to，　9　 moments of self-doubt.I’ve taken creative writing classes and seen significant improvement，but the constant 　10　 for perfection turns writing from a 　11　 into a chore.I’ve come to realize that this mindset 　12　 me of the joy I once found in it. We need to recognize that it’s 　13　 not to be great at something.Perfection is often 　14　，and more often than not，we are our toughest critics.The challenge，then，is finding the balance between enjoyment and 　15　.Embrace imperfection，and enjoy the process，even if you’re not “great” at it. [语篇解读]本文是夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者在五年级时完成了第一篇短篇小说，写作迅速成为其爱好。但随着年龄增长，作者产生了自我怀疑，写作成为其压力来源。最后作者意识到不必在某方面做到完美，应在乐趣和期望中找到平衡，接受不完美并享受过程。 1.A.showed off B.pulled over C.cut off D.wrapped up D　[根据前文的“Hours later”和选项可知，几小时后作者完成了自己的第一篇短篇小说。wrap up“圆满完成(工作)”，符合语境，故选D。show off“炫耀”；pull over “靠边停车”；cut off“切掉”。] 2.A.slowly B.openly C.quickly D.carefully C　[根据语境和选项可知，此处是说写作“迅速”成为作者的爱好。quickly“迅速地，很快地”符合语境。故选C。] 3.A.hope B.surprise C.curiosity D.excitement D　[根据前文和后文的“Self-doubt crept in”并结合常识可知，随着年龄增长，自我怀疑出现。所以应是写作带来的“兴奋感”开始消退。excitement 意为“兴奋，激动”，符合语境。故选D。hope“希望”；surprise“惊讶”；curiosity“好奇心”。] 4.A.relief B.truth C.inspiration D.stress D　[根据空前的“Self-doubt crept in”以及后文提到的对写作的一些负面感受可知，写作从曾经的感觉像是创造性表达途径的东西变成了“压力”来源。stress“压力”，符合语境。故选D。relief“宽慰”；truth“真相”；inspiration“灵感”。] 5.A.shift B.accident C.blessing D.adjustment A　[上文描述了写作从爱好到压力来源的转变，此处是说这种转变经常发生，shift“改变”，符合语境。故选A。accident“事故”；blessing“祝福”；adjustment“调整”。] 6.A.growth B.escape C.focus D.commitment B　[根据后文的“a way to relax ourselves”并结合常识可知，此处是说爱好一开始是一种逃避(现实)、放松自己的方式。escape“逃避”，符合语境。故选B。growth“成长”；focus“焦点”；commitment “承诺”。] 7.A.live B.struggle C.excel D.contribute C　[根据后文的“there’s an expectation to perform at a high level”并结合常识可知，社会压力要求在做一件事时表现出色、追求卓越。excel“擅长，突出”，符合语境。故选C。struggle“斗争”；contribute“贡献”。] 8.A.ideas B.pursuits C.distraction D.ambition B　[根据语境和常识可知，这里指无论是绘画、演奏乐器，还是其他任何“追求”，人们都期望能做到较高的水平。pursuit“追求”，符合语境。故选B。distraction“分心的事物”；ambition“抱负”。] 9.A.by means of B.with respect to C.in spite of D.in search of C　[“尽管”有自我怀疑，作者还经常重拾写作。in spite of“尽管”，符合语境。故选C。by means of“通过……方式”；with respect to“关于”；in search of “寻找”。] 10.A.drive B.doubt C.supply D.imagination A　[根据语境尤其是后文的“for perfection”可知，对完美持续的“强烈欲望”让写作从酷爱变为苦差。drive“(人的)强烈欲望”，符合语境。故选A。doubt“怀疑”；supply“供应”；imagination“想象”。] 11.A.story B.passion C.challenge D.possibility B　[写作一开始是作者热爱的事情，这里是说对完美的强烈欲望让写作从“酷爱”变成苦差。passion “酷爱，热衷的爱好(或活动等)”，符合语境。故选B。challenge“挑战”；possibility“可能性”。] 12.A.robs B.reminds C.warns D.informs A　[这种追求完美的心态剥夺了作者曾经在写作中找到的快乐。rob sb.of sth.表示“剥夺某人某物”，故选A。remind“提醒”；warn“警告”；inform“通知”。] 13.A.sad B.okay C.intolerable D.awesome B　[根据后文的“Embrace imperfection，and enjoy the process，even if you’re not ‘great’ at it”可知，我们需要意识到在某方面不优秀是可以的，没问题的。故选B。intolerable“无法忍受的”；awesome“使人惊惧的”。] 14.A.random B.temporary C.subjective D.magical C　[完美往往是“主观的”，不同人对完美有不同标准。subjective“主观的”，符合语境。故选C。random“随机的”；temporary“临时的”；magical“奇妙的”。] 15.A.joy B.overwork C.enthusiasm D.expectation D　[前文提到无论是绘画、演奏乐器，还是其他任何追求，人们都期望能做到较高的水平；该段首句说我们需要意识到在某方面不优秀是可以的。所以此处是说挑战是在乐趣和这种期望之间找到平衡。expectation “期望”，符合语境。故选D。overwork“劳累过度”；enthusiasm “热情”。] B (2025·武汉高中毕业生四月调研)I was excited about the London Olympics and wanted to be part of it.I didn’t 　1　 if I was outside the venues dancing.Searching online，I thought they might need 　2　.Figuring there’d be thousands of applicants for the role，I never expected to 　3　.Yet weeks later，I was invited to a two-day 　4　 at the London Aquatics Centre.It was 　5　—there were knockout stages and you only got one chance.In the first round，the ones 　6　 to make it to the bottom of a 5-metre-deep pool were cut.Followed were skill exams and theory tests.When I finally passed，I felt 　7　. Online，some 　8　 us as having “the easiest job in the world”，but Olympians valued us and sometimes even 　9　 us.I once got a Team GB swimming cap.You could be a top surgeon，but if you don’t know how to pull somebody out of the water 　10　，you’ve done the damage before they even get treatment.And 　11　 did happen.I remember helping an athlete swimming headfirst into the wall. There are starstruck moments.That said，it’s very 　12　 when you’re in the chair.You forget all about those star athletes because you’re so focused on making 　13　 in your head while checking each athlete’s movement to see if anything doesn’t look right. Not everything is shown on TV.Guarding pools is the stuff going on 　14　.But our silent readiness represents the Games’ true spirit，where every role，however 　15　 matters. [语篇解读]本文是记叙文。本文主要讲述了作者参加伦敦奥运会游泳救生员选拔，并最终成了一名救生员的故事。尽管有人误以为这份工作简单，但实际上这份工作责任重大，奥运赛场上每个岗位都重要。 1.A.care B.admit C.doubt D.know A　[根据上文中的“I was excited about the London Olympics and wanted to be part of it”可知，作者很想成为伦敦奥运会的一分子，因此，“if I was outside the venues dancing”(就算在场馆外面跳舞)作者也不在乎(care)。] 2.A.coaches B.athletes C.lifeguards D.firefighters C　[根据下文中的“pull somebody out of the water”和“Guarding pools”可知，作者申请的应该是游泳救生员，所以此处是指作者在网上搜索，认为他们也许需要救生员(lifeguards)。coach“(体育运动的)教练”；athlete“运动员”；lifeguard“(海滩或游泳池的)救生员”；firefighter“消防队员”。] 3.A.step away B.hear back C.show off D.sign up B　[根据空前的“Figuring there’d be thousands of applicants for the role”和空后的“Yet weeks later，I was invited”可知，估计救生员岗位的申请者很多，作者并未期待收到回信(hear back)，然而几周后，作者接到了邀请。step away“稍稍退后”；hear back“收到回复”；show off“卖弄，炫耀”；sign up“和……签约，报名参加(课程)”。] 4.A.routine B.practice C.experiment D.trial D　[根据下文中的“there were knockout stages”(有淘汰赛)可知，作者被邀请去参加为期两天的选拔赛(trial)。routine“常规，正常顺序”；practice“训练，练习(时间)”；experiment“试验”；trial“预赛，选拔赛”。] 5.A.dangerous B.simple C.intense D.valuable C　[根据下文中的“there were knockout stages and you only got one chance”可知，有淘汰赛且每个人只有一次机会，由此可见，选拔赛非常激烈(intense)。intense“严肃紧张的，激烈的”；valuable“很有用的，很重要的”。] 6.A.pretending B.intending C.failing D.desiring C　[根据上文中的“there were knockout stages and you only got one chance”和下文中的“were cut”可知，那些无法(failing)潜到5米深的水池底部的申请者们会被淘汰。故选C。pretend“假装，佯装”；intend“打算，计划，想要”；fail“失败，未能(做到)”；desire“渴望，期望，想望”。] 7.A.misfortune B.disbelief C.dishonesty D.misunderstanding B　[根据上文中的“I never expected”和5题解析可知，作者本身在报名阶段就对自己没有抱特别大的期待，而选拔又很激烈，因此，当作者最终通过的时候，作者感到难以置信(disbelief)。misfortune“厄运，不幸”；dishonesty“不诚实行为”；misunderstanding“误解”。] 8.A.trusted B.admired C.discovered D.dismissed D　[根据下文的转折部分“but Olympians valued us”(但奥运会选手珍视我们)可推知，有的人对作者他们很不屑，认为他们拥有世界上最轻松的工作。trust“信任，信赖”；admire“钦佩，赞赏”；discover“(出乎意料地)发现，找到，发觉”；dismiss“不予考虑，摒弃，对……不屑一提”。] 9.A.gifted B.assisted C.bothered D.ignored A　[根据空后的“I once got a Team GB swimming cap”可知，奥运会选手珍视作者他们，有时甚至会送礼物给(gifted)他们。故选A。gift“赠送”；assist“帮助，协助”；bother“打扰”；ignore“忽视，对……不予理会”。] 10.A.correctly B.immediately C.gently D.hurriedly A　[根据下文中的“you’ve done the damage before they even get treatment”(在他们甚至得到治疗之前，你已经造成了伤害)可知，救生员需要正确地(correctly)把运动员拉出水面。故选A。correctly“正确地，合适地”；immediately “立即，马上”；gently“温和地”；hurriedly“匆忙地”。] 11.A.wonders B.accidents C.changes D.events B　[根据下文中的“I remember helping an athlete swimming headfirst into the wall”(我记得我曾帮助一名头向前游到墙壁上了的运动员)可知，确实会有事故(accidents)发生。故选B。wonder“奇事”。] 12.A.annoying B.painful C.impressive D.professional D　[根据上文中的“There are starstruck moments”(有崇拜明星的时刻)和下文中的“You forget all about those star athletes”可知，虽然有崇拜明星的时刻，但坐在椅子上工作时救生员也得表现专业(professional)，忘记关于他们的所有事情。故选D。annoying“使恼怒的，使生气的，使烦恼的”；painful“疼痛的；令人不快的”；impressive“令人赞叹的，令人敬佩的”；professional“职业的，专业的”。] 13.A.health warnings B.risk assessments C.safety rules D.work arrangements B　[根据下文中的“while checking each athlete’s movement to see if anything doesn’t look right”(同时检查每个运动员的动作，看看是否有任何不正常的地方)可知，救生员需要在脑海里做风险评估(risk assessments)。故选B。] 14.A.behind the scenes B.at random C.by chance D.in the spotlight A　[根据上文中的“Not everything is shown on TV”和下文中的“our silent readiness”可知，救生员是在幕后(behind the scene)工作的一群人。behind the scenes“在幕后”；at random“随机地”；by chance“碰巧地，偶然地”；in the spotlight“备受关注”。] 15.A.unexpected B.undisturbed C.unhurt D.unseen D　[根据上文内容可知，救生员是在幕后工作的一群人，但他们的工作很重要。因此，在奥运赛场上，每个岗位，即使不被人们看到的(unseen)岗位也很重要。故选D。unexpected“出乎意料的，始料不及的”；undisturbed“未受惊扰的，未被打搅的”；unseen“看不见的，无形的”。] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $