Unit 4 Everyday economics 二-2025-2026学年高中英语易错词汇精讲选择性必修第四册（外研版）

高中外研版 寒假专版 B版易错词汇精讲 【寒假专版】 高中·外研·选择性必修第四册Unit4 Everyday economics二 单元词汇总览 discriminate/dr'skrimmeit/v.不freshman/'frefian/n.(高中或exceed/ik'si:d/v.超过，超出 公正地区别对待，歧视 大学的)一年级学生 go into debt陷入债务之中，负债 equator /'kweita(r)/n.赤道（地make ends meet使收支仅能相抵（常用短语） 球的纬线，将地球划分为南北半（常用短语，描述经济拮据的状financial /far'nen/adj.财政的， 球) 态) 金融的：财务的 estate /I'stet/h.庄园 afloat/'flaut/adj.经济上周转得accumulate/e'kju:mjalert/w. 积 superior/su:'pIri()/adj.质量上开的：不欠债的 累，积聚 乘的，优质的 interfere/,Inta'fia)/w.介入；干automatically/p:ta'maetikli/adv. mild /marld/adj.不浓烈的，淡的涉 自动地 calorie/'kaelari/n.卡（路里）（衡interfere with妨碍，阻止（常用toddler/'tpdla()rm.学步的儿童， 量热量的单位) 短语) 刚学走路的小孩 subjective/sab'd3 ektIv//adj.主观rational/'raefnal/adj.(想法、决sorrow/'srah.令人悲伤的事， 的 定等)合理的，基于理性的 不幸 易错词汇精讲 1.discriminate/dr'skrimmert/.w.不公正地区别对待，歧视 ·易错点：易混淆“歧视”与“区分”含义，搭配不同介词(against/in favor of)。 ·精讲：作“歧视”时后接against,表“偏祖”时接in favor of:作“区分”时接between A and B。 ·例句：It is illegal to discriminate against people because of their race.(因种族歧视他人是违法的。) ·真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修四同步练习）：Some companies still (歧视) women in employment..(答案：discriminate against) 2.superior/:'piaria(r)/ad.质量上乘的，优质的 ·易错点：易误用比较级形式（如more superior),本身含“较优”含义，无比较级。 ·精讲：固定搭配be superior to(比…更好)，反义词inferior,搭配be inferior to。 ·例句：This material is superior to that one in durability.(这种材料在耐用性上优于那种。) ·真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修四单元测试）：Her performance was far (优质 的)to the others.(答案：superior) 3.interfere/,nta'fia(/w.介入；干涉 高中外研版 寒假专版 ·易错点：易混淆interfere with与interfere in,前者表“妨碍”，后者表“干涉（某事）”。 ·精讲：interfere with sth.(妨碍某事物)：interfere in sth.(干涉某事)。 ·例句：Don't interfere with him while he's working.(他工作时不要打扰他。) ·真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修四课后习题）：It's unwise to (干涉)other countries'internal affairs.(答案：interfere in) 4.rational/renl/ad.合理的，基于理性的 ·易错点：易误写为acial(种族的)，两词拼写仅首字母不同，含义差异大。 ·精讲：rational强调逻辑合理性，反义词irrational;racial指“种族的”，如racial discrimination。 ·例句：We need to make a rational decision based on facts.(我们需要基于事实做出理性决定。) ·真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修四阶段检测)：A (理性的)person doesn'tmake decisions in anger.(答案：rational) 5.exceed/k'si:dw.超过，超出 ·易错点：易与excess(n.过量)混淆，exceed为动词，excess为名词/形容词。 ·精讲：exceed后直接接宾语，如exceed the speed limit(超速)：excess常用in excess of(超过)。 ·例句：The cost must not exceed$100.(成本不得超过100美元。) ·真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修四单元练习）：The number of students has (超 过)500 this year..(答案：exceeded) 6.accumulate'kju:mjalert/w.积累，积聚 ·易错点：易误用被动语态（如be accumulated),表示“自然积累”时用主动语态。 ·精讲：主语多为物或抽象概念（如knowledge,.debt),主动表“逐渐积累”。 ·例句：Dust accumulates quickly in an unoccupied house.(空房子里灰尘积得很快。) ·真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修四同步测试）：Over time,.she (积累)a lot of experience in teaching.(答案：accumulated) 7.subjective/sab'd3ektv/adj.主观的 ·易错点：易与objective(客观的)混淆，两词为反义词，前缀sub-与ob-含义相反。 ·精讲：subjective强调个人感受，如subjective opinion;objective强调事实，如objective analysis。 ·例句：Art appreciation is often subjective.(艺术欣赏往往是主观的。) ·真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修四阅读填空）：Don’tlt (主观的)judgments affect your decision.(答案：subjective) 8.make ends meet使收支仅能相抵 ·易错点：易误写为make end meet(单复数错误)，ends需用复数，固定短语不可更改。 高中外研版 寒假专版 ·精讲：描述经济拮据状态，主语多为个人或家庭，无被动语态。 ·例句：Many families struggle to make ends meet on a low income..(许多家庭靠低收入勉强维持生 计。) 。 真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修四完形填空）：After losing his job,he found it hard to (使收支相抵).（答案：make ends meet) 9.go into debt陷入债务之中 ·易错点：易误写为go to debt(介词错误)，固定搭配中介词用into,表“进入某种状态”。 ·精讲：反义词组get out of debt(还清债务)，debt为不可数名词。 ·例句：He went into debt to pay for his son's education.(他为了儿子的教育负债。) ·真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修四语法填空）：If you overspend,you may (陷入 债务).（答案：go into debt) 10.automatically/.o:ta'maetikli/adv.自动地 ·易错点：易误写为automaticly(副词后缀错误)，正确拼写为automatically(去e加-ally)。 ·精讲：由形容词automatic加后缀-ally构成，类似副词如basically,logically。 ·例句：The door locks automatically when you close it..(关门时门会自动锁上。) ·真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修四词汇运用）：The system will (自动地)send you a reminder..(答案：automatically） ll.estate/I'stet/n.庄园 ·易错点：易与state(n.国家：状态)混淆，两词发音相同，含义完全不同。 ·精讲：estate侧重“地产、庄园”或“遗产”：state侧重“政治状态”或“国家”。 ·例句：The old man left his entire estate to charity.(老人将全部遗产捐赠给了慈善机构。) ·真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修四阅读理解）：The owner of the (庄园)built a new mansion last year.(答案：estate) 12.freshman/'frefman/n.(高中或大学的)一年级学生 ·易错点：易误写复数形式为freshmans,正确复数为freshmen(不规则变化)。 ·精讲：类似不规则复数名词如man一→men,woman-一→women,需特殊记忆。 ·例句：There are300 freshmen in our school this year..(我校今年有300名新生。) ·真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修四单元测试）：Asa (新生)，she felt nervous on her first day of college.(答案：freshman) 13.af1oat/Aflt/adj.经济上周转得开的：不欠债的 ·易错点：易误用为副词（如afloatly),本身为形容词，无副词形式，表状态。 高中外研版 寒假专版 ·精讲：常用搭配keep sth.afloat(维持…运转)，如keep a business afloat(维持企业运转)。 ·例句：The company managed to stay afloat during the crisis.(这家公司在危机中设法维持了运转。) ·真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修四完形填空）：Without his help,our family couldn’thave stayed (经济上周转开的).（答案：afloat) 14.sorrow/'spr3n.令人悲伤的事，不幸 ·易错点：易误用作动词（如sorrow sb.),仅为名词，表“悲伤”时不可数，表“悲伤的事”时 可数。 ·精讲：固定搭配express sorrow at sth.（对某事表示悲伤)，形容词形式为sorrowful。 ·例句：She felt deep sorrow at the news of her friend's death.(听到朋友去世的消息，她深感悲 伤。) ·真题链接：（外研版高中选择性必修四词汇填空）：The loss of her pet was a great (不 幸)to her.(答案：sorrow) 易错词汇综合训练 1.一、单项选择 1.It is wrong to against people because of their gender or age. ●A.discriminate ●B.distinguish ●C.divide ●D.distribute 2.This new model is far to the old one in terms of performance. ●A.more superior ●B.superior ●C.inferiorer ●D.more inferior 3.Don't in other people's personal matters,it's impolite. ●A.interfere with 高中外研版 寒假专版 ●B.interfere in ●C.interrupt with ●D.interrupt in 4.A decision should be based on facts rather than emotions. ●A.racial ●B.1 ational ·C.radical 。D.royal 5.The number of participants has 200,which is beyond our expectation ●A.exceeded ·B.excessed 。C.succeeded 。D.proceeded 6.Over the years,she has a wealth of knowledge about traditional Chinese medicine. ●A.accumulated ●B.been accumulated ·C.gathered ·D.been gathered 7.Art appreciation is often because different people have different tastes. ●A.objective ·B.subjective ·C.positive ·D.negative 8.After the economic crisis,many small businesses struggled to stay 高中外研版 寒假专版 ·A.afloat ·B.float 。C.floating ●D.afloatly 2.二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.Some employers still (歧视)female job applicants. 2.Her academic performance is (优质的)to most of her classmates 3.Parents should not (千涉)their children's choices too much.. 4.We need to make a (理性的)plan before starting the project. 5.The cost of the trip must not (超过)1000 yuan per person.. 6.Dust tends to (积累)quickly in unoccupied rooms. 7.Try to avoid making (主观的)judgments about others. 8.Many families find it hard to (使收支相抵)nowadays. 9.If you keep overspending,you will soon (陷入债务)， 10.The system will (自s动地)send you a confirmation email after payment. 3.三、首字母填空 1.It's illegal to d against any race or religion in many countries. 2.This brand claims its products are s to others in quality. 3.Please don'ti with my work;I need to focus now. 4.Ar person will consider all possibilities before making a decision. 5.The company's profits have e_ the previous record this year. 6.Knowledge a through learning and practice over time. 7.Your opinion is too s_ you should look at the problem objectively. 8.They had to borrow money to keep the business a_ 9.The old man left his entire e to his only grandson. 10.Asaf she was nervous about her first college exam. 4.四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 高中外研版 寒假专版 1.The company was accused of (discriminate)against older employees. 2.This material is (superior)to that one in both quality and price. 3.He was criticized for (interfere)in the internal affairs of other countries. 4. (rational)thinking is essential for solving complex problems. 5.The number of tourists has (exceed)5 million this year. 6.Over the past decade,she (accumulate)a lot of experience in management. 7.Don't let (subjective)feelings affect your judgment. 8.They managed (make)ends meet by cutting unnecessary expenses. 9.The machine operates (automatic),so no manual control is needed. 10.The (sorrow)news left everyone in the room silent. 5.参考答案 ·一、单项选择 1.A2.B3B4.B5.A6.A7B8.A ·二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.discriminate against 2.superior 3.interfere in 4.rational 5.exceed 6.accumulate 7.subjective 8.make ends meet 9.go into debt 10.automatically ·三、首字母填空 1.discriminate 2.superior 3.interfere 4.rational 5.exceeded 6.accumulates 7.subjective 8.afloat 9.estate 10.freshman ·四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.discriminating 2.superior 3.interfering 4.Rational 5.exceeded 6has accumulated 7.subjective 8.to make 9.automatically 10.sorrowful