Unit 5 Natural Disasters二-2025-2026学年高中英语易错词汇精讲必修第一册（冀教版）

高中必修1冀教版 寒假专版 B版易错词汇精讲 【寒假专版】 高中·冀教版·必修1Unit5 Natural Disasters二 单元词汇总览 material/ma'trerial/n.材料 dragon/.'deg3n/m.(传说中的)龙知欲强的 aid/eIdn.&v.援助；帮助 toad/taud/n.蟾蜍 counterpart/'kauntapa:/tm.职位 midnight/'midnart/.h.午夜 expel/ik'spel/w.排出；喷出 (或作用)相当的人 tornado/to:'nerda/h.龙卷风 ty phoon/tar'fn/m.台风 march/mat∫w.行进：游行示威 technique/tek'nikh.技术；技能hurricane/.'harikan/m.飓风 military/.'milatri/adj.军事的：n. evacuation/1,vakju'en/n.疏散；average/'evad/h. 平均水平；军队；军方 撤离 adj.平均的 argue/'aqju:v.争吵；争论 prescription/prT'skpn/h.医生cyclone/'saikloon/h.气旋；旋风emergency/i'm3:d3nsin.突发事 开的药：处方 super/'Su:pa(r)/adj.超级的 件：紧急情况 seismograph/'saizm3ga:fh.地landslide/'laendslaId/n.塌方；滑request/m'kwest/h.&v.要求；请 震仪 坡 求 determine/d't3mn/v.测定；決 wave/werv/n.波；波浪 negotiate/ni'gaufieIt/v.谈判：磋 定 surf/s3fw.冲浪；浏览 商 copper/'kDpa(r)/m.铜 curious/'kjvarias/adj.好奇的：求authority/>:'0Drti/n.当局：权力 易错词汇精讲 1.material /m3'trarial/n.材料 ·易错点：易误用作不可数名词，忽略其可数性；易混淆'material”(材料)与'matter”(物质)的 用法差异。 ·精讲：表示“材料”时为可数名词（如building materials建筑材料），表示“素材”时不可数 (如reading material阅读材料)：”matter'侧重构成物体的“物质”，不可数。 ·例句：This coat is made of special materials..(这件外套由特殊材料制成。) ·真题链接：（冀教版高中必修1同步练习）：We need to collect enough一（材料）for the science project..(答案：materials) 2.aid/eId/n.&v.援助：帮助 ·易错点：易混淆名词短语'in aid of'与with the aid of';作动词时易误加介词（如aid sb.with sth.而非aid to sb.)。 ·精讲：名词搭配in aid of”(为帮助…)，”with the aid of’（在…帮助下)；动词用法为aid sb.(in doing sth.)/aidsb.with sth.,比help更正式。 高中必修1冀教版 寒假专版 ·例句：The organization provided food aid to the灾区.（该组织向灾区提供了食品援助。） ·真题链接：一the aid of modern technology,we finished the task ahead of time.(答案：With) 3.technique /tek'nik/h.技术：技能 ·易错点：易与'technology”(技术，指宏观技术体系)混淆：易误写为techniqe”(漏写中间的 u)。 ·精讲："technique”侧重具体的“技能、技巧”（如painting techniques绘画技巧）：”technology 指科学技术的总称（如information technology信息技术）。 ·例句：He has mastered the basic techniques of playing the piano.(他掌握了弹钢琴的基本技巧。) ·真题链接：The chef demonstrated his unique cooking_to the students..(答案：technique) 4.determine/d't3mn/v.测定；决定 ·易错点：易混淆'determine to do”(决心做某事)与be determined to do”(下定决心做某事)：易 误加介词（如determine on sth.而非determine sth.)。 ·精讲：”determine to do'”强调动作，”be determined to do'”强调状态；后接名词时用determine sth, 或determine on sth.。 ·例句：She determined to study abroad after graduation..(她决心毕业后出国留学。) ·真题链接：He is determined一(achieve)his goal no matter how difficult it is.(答案：to achieve） 5.average/'evarid3/h.平均水平；adj.平均的 ·易错点：易混淆'on average',(平均来看)与'the average of’(…的平均值)；作形容词时易 误用于'averagely”（副词形式不存在，需用'on average')。 ·精讲：名词用法'the average of.”(如the average of the scores分数的平均值)；副词含义需用 短语'on average'”(如On average,we work8 hours a day.)。 ·例句：The average temperature in July is28℃.（七月的平均气温是28℃。） ·真题链接：On一，he spends two hours reading every day..(答案：average) 6.curious/'kjis/adj.好奇的；求知欲强的 ·易错点：易误接介词”for”,正确搭配为”curious about sth”/”curiousto do sth.”;易误写为”curous' (漏写中间的)。 ·精讲：表示“对…好奇”用be curious about'”:表示“渴望做某事”用be curious to do”。 ·例句：The child is curious about everything around him.(这个孩子对周围的一切都很好奇。) ·真题链接：She was curious_(know)what was inside the box.(答案：to know) 7.emergency'm3:d3 ensi/n.突发事件：紧急情况 ·易错点：易误用作可数名词单数时加不定冠词（如an emergency),但表示“紧急状态”时不 可数；易误写为”emergence'”(出现，名词)。 高中必修1冀教版 寒假专版 ·精讲：表示具体的“突发事件”时可数（如handle an emergency处理紧急事件）：表示“紧急 情况”时不可数（如in emergency在紧急情况下）。 ·例句：The hospital has a special entrance for emergency cases.(医院有专门的急诊入口。) ·真题链接：In case of一，please call the police immediately..(答案：emergency) 8.request/i'kwest/m.&v.要求；请求 ·易错点：易混淆'request sth.from sb.”与'request sb.to do sth.”;作名词时易误接介词for”(如 a request for help正确，a request ofhelp错误)。 ·精讲：动词用法为request sb.to do sth./request sth.fromsb.:名词搭配'make a request for''(请 求…)，比ask更正式。 ·例句：The teacher requested us to hand in the homework on time.(老师要求我们按时交作业。) ·真题链接：They made a formal request_more funding for the project.(答案：for) 9.argue/'a:qju:v.争吵；争论 ·易错点：易混淆”argue with sb.about sth..”(与某人争论某事)与'argue for/against sth.”(支持/反 对某事)：易误写为'argue sb.todo”(正确形式为argue sb.into/out of doing sth.)。 ·精讲：”argue with sb..about sth.”强调争吵”argue for sth.”表示“为…辩护”，”argue against sth.”表示“反对…”；说服某人做/不做某事用'argue sb.into/out of doing sth.”。 ·例句：They argued about the best way to solve the problem for hours.(他们为解决问题的最佳方 法争论了几个小时。) ·真题链接：He argued一the new policy,.saying it would harm the environment..(答案：against) 10.authority/:'0pr3tih.当局；权力 ·易错点：表示“当局”时常用复数”authorities”:易混淆'in authority?(有权势的)与”under the authority of”（在…管辖下)。 ·精讲：单数表示“权力、权威”（如have authority over sb.对某人有权威）：复数”authorities'”指 “官方、当局”（如the local authorities地方当局）。 ·例句：The health authorities issued a warning about the disease.(卫生当局发布了关于该疾病的 警告。) ·真题链接：The matter will be handled by the relevant一.（答案：authorities) ll.negotiate /nI'gaufieIt/v.谈判；磋商 ·易错点：易误加介词（如negotiate with sb.about sth.而非negotiate on sb.);易混淆'negotiate” (及物，直接接协议等)与”negotiate for”（为…谈判)。 ·精讲：及物用法'negotiate a deal/contract''(达成交易/合同)；不及物用法'negotiate with sb about/over sth.”(与某人就某事谈判)。 高中必修1冀教版 寒假专版 ·例句：The two companies are negotiating a new trade agreement.(两家公司正在磋商一项新的贸 易协议。) ·真题链接：They finally negotiated_a peaceful settlement of the conflict.(答案：for) 12.counterpart/.'kauntapa:t/n.职位（或作用）相当的人 ·易错点：易误用于指代物（需明确是“职位或作用相当的人”）：易误写为”counterpart”(正确 拼写，但易漏写中间的r)。 ·精讲：指在不同团体、组织中担任相同职位的人（如the US President and his British counterpart 美国总统和英国首相)。 ·例句：She met her counterpart from the French government during the conference.(她在会议期间 会见了法国政府的同级官员。) ·真题链接：The foreign minister held talks with his一from Japan..(答案：counterpart) 易错词汇综合训练 1.一、单项选择 1.The new bridge was built with special imported from abroad. ●A.material ●B.materials ●C.natter ●D.matters 2.-the aid of our teacher,we successfully solved the problem 。A.In ●B.On 。C.With ●D.FoI 3.The artist demonstrated his unique painting-to the students. ·A.technique 高中必修1冀教版 寒假专版 ·B.technology 。C.skill 。D.nethod 4.She is determinedpart in the international competition next year. ●A.take ·B.taking 。C.to take 。D.took 5.-average,the factory produces 500 cars per day. 。A.On ●B.In 。C.At ·D.By 6.The child is curious_what lies behind the door. ●A.for ●B.about 。C.to ●D.with 7.In case of please dial 119 immediately. ●A.emerge ·B.emergency ●C.emergence ·D.emergencies 8.They made a formal request-more equipment for the lab 高中必修1冀教版 寒假专版 ·A.of ●B.from ●C.for 。D.to 9.The scientists arguedthe new theory,providing strong evidence. ●A.against ●B.for 。C.with ●D.about 10.The localannounced new regulations to protect the environment. ●A.authority ●B.authorities ·C.power 。D.officer 2.二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.We need to collect enough一（材料）for the science project.. 2.The organization provided food()to the disaster area. 3.He has mastered the basic()of playing the guitar. 4.She _(to study abroad after finishing high school. 5.The_(score of the class in the math exam is 85 6.My little brother is always一（好奇的）about how things work. 7.The hospital has a special entrance for_(紧急情况)cases. 8.The manager_()all staff to attend the meeting on time 9.They_()about the best way to solve the problem for hours. 10.The two companies are _(a new trade agreement. 高中必修1冀教版 寒假专版 3.三、首字母填空 1.The factory needs to buy more building mto expand production. 2.With the a of modern tools,the work can be finished faster. 3.The chef's cooking timpressed all the customers. 4.She dto work harder to achieve her dream. 5.On a,we spend about two hours on homework every day. 6.Children are naturally cabout the world around them 7.Please keep calm in case of eand follow the instructions. 8.The company made a rfor more workers to meet the deadline. 9.They aagainst the plan because it would cost too much 10.The foreign minister met his c from the US during the conference. 4.四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The coat is made of special(material) 2.We finished the task with the(aid)of our teammates. 3.He has improved his painting_(technique)through practice. 4.She is(determine)to win the competition. 5.The_(average)of the test scores is 90. 6.The boy is(curious)to know the result of the game. 7.The hospital handled the(emergency)quickly and efficiently. 8.The teacher_(request)us to hand in the report by Friday. 9.They spent two hours_(argue)about the project plan. 10.The two sides are(negotiate)a peaceful solution to the conflict. 5.参考答案 ·一、单项选择 1B2.C3.A4.C5.A6.B7.B8.9.B10.B ·二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.materials 2.aid 3.techniques 4.determined 5.average 6.curious 7.emergency 8.requested 9.argued 10.negotiating ·三、首字母填空 1.materials 2.aid 3.technique 4.determined 5.average 6.curious 7.emergency 8.request 9.argued 10.counterpart 高中必修1冀教版 寒假专版 ·四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.materials 2.aid 3.techniques 4.determined 5.average 6.curious 7.emergency 8requested 9.arguing 10.negotiating