Unit 2 Things that matter 二-2025-2026学年高中英语易错词汇精讲选择性必修第三册（沪教版）

高中沪教版选择性必修第三册 寒假专版 B版易错词汇精讲 【寒假专版】 高中·沪教版·选择性必修第三册Unit2 Things that matter 单元词汇总览 fright /frart/n.惊吓；恐怖 建议等) exhibition/,eksr'b虹n/m.展览；展 shark /fa:k/n.鲨鱼 platform/'plaetfo:m/n.站台 出 flu /flu:/n.流行性感冒：流感 sip/lpw.迅速放置：悄悄塞；gallery /'gaelari/n.(艺术作品) irus/vairas/n.病毒；滤过性病 偷偷放 陈列室，展览馆：画廊 毒 folder'faulda()rm.文件夹：纸delay/d'lem.延迟（或耽搁、拖 tobacco/t妇'beka/h.烟草 夹 延)的时间 astonish/'stonif/v.使十分惊讶；initial /I'nufl/n.(名字的)首字applicant/'eplkant/n.申请人 使大为惊奇 母：adj.最初的；开始的：第一（尤指求职、进高等院校等） criterion /krar'tiarian/n.(pl.crite- 的 pour /p:)W.(雨)倾盆而下 ria)标准：准则 guilty/'grlti/adj.感到内疚的；感laptop/'laeptpp/n.便携式电脑； mask/ma:sk/n.面具；面罩 到惭愧的 笔记本电脑 submit/sb'mt/v.呈递（文件、tube/tju:b/m.伦敦地下铁道 易错词汇精讲 1.criterion/kra'trerien/h.(pl.criteria)标准；准则 ·易错点：易混淆单复数形式，误将复数写作criterion,其复数形式为特殊变化criteria。 ·精讲：单数为criterion,复数必须使用criteria,无-s变复数形式。 ·例句：The main criterion for admission is academic ability. ·真题链接：（沪教版高中选择性必修三同步练习）：Allthe (标准)must be met before the project is approved.(答案：criteria) 2.mask/ma:sk/h.面具：面罩 ·易错点：易忽略单词首字母标注的*符号含义（可能表示拓展词汇或重点词汇)，导致学习优 先级混淆。 ·精讲：*符号在教材中通常提示该词需重点掌握，可搭配动词wear/put on,如wear a mask(戴 口罩)。 ·例句：You must wear a mask when entering the hospital. ·真题链接：It's necessaryto put on a to protect yourself from the virus.(答案：mask) 高中沪教版选择性必修第三册 寒假专版 3.initial'nu/m.（名字的)首字母：adj.最初的：开始的：第一的 ·易错点：易混淆名词和形容词词性，误将名词含义用作形容词，或反之。 ·精讲：作名词时指“首字母”，如sign your initials(签首字母)；作形容词时表示“最初的”， 如initial stage（初始阶段)。 ·例句：(I)His initials are J.K.(.)(2)We need to make an initial plan first..(ag) ·真题链接：Please write your full name and (首字母)on the form.(答案：initial) 4.guilty/'grlti/adj.感到内疚的；感到惭愧的 ·易错点：易误写为gut（名词，内疚)，忽略形容词后缀-y:固定搭配中介词易误用。 ·精讲：固定搭配feel guilty about sth.(对某事感到内疚)，guilt为名词形式，如sense of guilt(内 疚感)。 ·例句：She felt guilty about lying to her parents. ·真题链接：He was (内疚的)about not helping the old man who fell down.(答案： guilty） 5.delay/d'len.延迟（或耽搁、拖延)的时间 ·易错点：易混淆名词与动词词性，误将动词用法用作名词，如“延迟做某事”误用delay to do。 ·精讲：作名词时常用搭配a delay of.(…的延迟)：作动词时后接动名词，即delay doing sth. (延迟做某事)。 ·例句：(I)The flight had a delay of two hours..(n)(2)Don't delay finishing your homework.(v.) ·真题链接：The heavy rain caused a (延迟)in the train service.(答案：delay） 6.applicant/'eplikant/n.申请人（尤指求职、进高等院校等） ·易错点：易与动词apply(申请)混淆，忽略名词后缀-ant:易误写为applicent(漏写p)。 ·精讲：applicant由动词apply+名词后缀-ant构成，对应动词短语apply for（申请)。 ·例句：There are over 1000 applicants for thisjob. ·真题链接：Each (申请人)must submit aresume and a cover letter..(答案：pplicant) 7.tube /tju:b/n.伦敦地下铁道 ·易错点：易忽略其“伦敦地下铁道”的特定含义，仅理解为“管子”，导致语境误解。 ·精讲：首字母大写时Tube特指“伦敦地铁”，小写tbe可指“管子”“试管”等。 ·例句：I take the Tube to work every day ·真题链接：In London,people often call the underground railway the (答案：Tube) 8.astonish/A'stDnif/v.使十分惊讶：使大为惊奇 高中沪教版选择性必修第三册 寒假专版 ·易错点：易混淆派生词astonished(adj.感到惊讶的，主语是人)与astonishing(adj.令人惊讶 的，主语是物)。 ·精讲：astonish为动词，常用搭配be astonished at sth.(对某事感到惊讶)：astonishing修饰物， 如an astonishing result(令人惊讶的结果)。 .(1)The news astonished everyone.(v.)(2)We were astonished at his sudden decision.(adj.) ·真题链接：The (令人惊讶的)success made her famous overnight.(答案：astonishing) 9.submit/sb'mtw.呈递（文件、建议等） ·易错点：固定搭配中介词易误用，误接todo,正确搭配为submit sth.tosb./sp.(向某人/某地提 交某物)。 ·精讲：submit为及物动词，后需接宾语，再搭配介词to引出对象，如submit the report to the manager（向经理提交报告)。 ·例句：You must submit your application form by Friday.. ·真题链接：All students should (呈递)their homework to the teacher on time.(答案： submit) 10.initial1'nu/h.（名字的)首字母；adj.最初的：开始的：第一的 ·易错点：书写时易误将首字母小写，当表示“首字母”且特指某人名字的首字母时，通常大写。 ·精讲：如“J.K.Rowling”中J和K是initials,需大写；作形容词时首字母小写，如initial plan (初始计划)。 ·例句：Please sign your name and initials here, ·真题链接：The (首字母)of her name are A.L.(答案：Initials）) 11.flu /flu:/n.流行性感冒；流感 ·易错点：易误写为fl(满的)，发音相近导致拼写错误：注意flu为不可数名词，无复数形式。 ·精讲：flu是influenza的缩写，常用搭配have the flu(患流感)，不可说have a flu。 ·例句：She stayed at home because she had the flu ·真题链接：-What's wrong with Tom?—He has a high fever..Maybe he has the (答案：fIu) 12.tobacco3'baekau/n.烟草 ·易错点：易漏写中间的c,误写为tobbaco:注意tobacco0为不可数名词，指“烟草”时无复数。 ·精讲：tobacco可指烟草制品，如tobacco products(烟草制品)，其复数形式tobaccos仅用于指 不同种类的烟草。 ·例句：Smoking tobacco is harmful to health 高中沪教版选择性必修第三册 寒假专版 ·真题链接：The sale of (烟草)to minors is illegal in many countries.(答案：tobacco) 13.gallery/gaelari/n.(艺术作品)陈列室，展览馆：画廊 ·易错点：易与museum(博物馆)混淆，gallery侧重“艺术作品陈列”，museum侧重“综合文 物收藏”。 ·精讲：常用搭配art gallery(艺术画廊)，visit a gallery(参观画廊)。 ·例句：We visited an art gallery and saw many famous paintings. ·真题链接：The new (画廊)in the city center will open next month.(答案：gallery) 14.slip/lpw.迅速放置；悄悄塞；偷偷放 ·易错点：易混淆动词含义与“滑倒”(sp的另一含义)，导致语境理解偏差；过去式和过去分 词易误写为sliped。 ·精讲：作“迅速放置”时，常用搭配slip sth.into.(把某物悄悄塞进…)：过去式和过去分 词为slipped。 ·例句：She slipped a note into his hand. ·真题链接：He (悄悄塞)the letter into the envelope and mailed it.(答案：slipped) 易错词汇综合训练 1.一、单项选择 1.All the for the competition must be submitted by Friday. ·A.criterion ●B.criteria ●C.criterions ●D.criterion's 2.The success of the project surprised everyone in the company. ·A.astonish ●B.astonished 高中沪教版选择性必修第三册 寒假专版 ·C.astonishing ●D.astonishment 3.You should feel about breaking your promise to her 。A.guilt ●B.guilty ·C.guiltily ●D.guiltless 4.In London,people usually take the to avoid traffic jams. ●A.tube ●B.Tube ·C.subway 。D.underground 5.Don't delay your homework,or you'll miss the deadline. 。A.finish ●B.to finish ●C.finishing 。D.finished 6.Each must fill in the application form carefully. 。A.apply ·B.applicant ·C.application 高中沪教版选择性必修第三册 寒假专版 ·D.applying 7.The initial plan was changed,but the goal remained the same. ·A.initial 。B.initially ●C.initiate ●D.initiation 8.She slipped the key her pocket before anyone noticed. ●A.into ●B.to ●c.in ●D.on 2.二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The main for the job interview is communication skills 2.You must wear a (面罩)when entering the chemical lab. 3.His (首字母)areT.J,so we often call him T.J. 4.The heavy snow caused a two-hour (延迟)of the flight. 5.Smoking (烟草)is strictly prohibited in public places. 6.The new art (will exhibit famous paintings next month 3.三、首字母填空 1.The patient has a high fever and cough.Maybe he has the f 2.Please s your report to the manager before the meeting. 3.The little boy was a_ by the magic show and couldn't say a word. 4.The sale of tobacco to m is illegal in most countries. 5.The initials of her name are A.L.,so we can write them as A 高中沪教版选择性必修第三册 寒假专版 4.四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The (guilt)look on her face showed she had told a lie 2.There are over 200 (apply)for the scholarship this year. 3.He was (astonish)to hear that he won the first prize. 4.The (delay)of the train made us late for the concert. 5.Remember to sign your full name and (initial)at the bottom of the form. 5.参考答案 ·一、单项选择 1B2.C3B4B5.C6B7.A8.A ·二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.criteria 2.mask 3.initials 4.delay 5.tobacco 6.gallery ·三、首字母填空 1.flu 2.submit 3.astonished 4.minors 5.Initials ·四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.guilty 2.applicants 3.astonished 4.delay 5.initials