Unit 4 Achievements 二-2025-2026学年高中英语易错词汇精讲必修第二册（沪教版）

高中·沪教版 寒假专版 B版易错词汇精讲 【必修第二册】 高中·沪教版·必修第二册Unit4 Achievements二 单元词汇总览 dr amatically /da'maetrkli/.adv.institute/'Instrtju:t/n.机构（尤指实事求是的 巨大地 教育/专业机构) professional/pr3'fenl/adj.专业 curious/,'kjvarias/adj.好奇的：求education/,edu'kejn/n.教育 的：职业的 知欲强的 request/r'kwest/n.(正式/礼貌false /f:Is/adj.错误的；不真实 shortage'btd3n.不足；缺少：的)要求；请求 的 短缺 atmosphere/'aetmasfia(r)/n.permanently /'p3:manantli/adv. grain/grem/n.谷物；谷粒 球的)大气：大气层 永久地：永恒地 decade/dekeid/n.十年；十年期lack /laek/n.缺乏；匮乏；短缺 setback/'setbaek/n.挫折：阻碍 (尤指年代) clue /klu:/n.提示；解题提示 title/'tartl/n.(书/诗/画等的)名 self-sufficient/,self s3'fifnt/adj.literature/'trtf)/n.文学；文称；：标题 自给自足：自立的 学作品 短语 medal/med/n.奖章；勋章 failure/'ferlja(r)/n.失败的人/事cell phone(美式)移动电话：手 outstanding/aot'staend/adj.优物；失败 机 秀的：杰出的 realistic/ia'listik/adj.现实的：in addition除…以外（还） 易错词汇精讲 1.curious/'kjvarias/adj..好奇的：求知欲强的 ·易错点：易混淆固定搭配be curious about(对…好奇)与be curious to do sth.(急于做某事)， 介词搭配易误用。 ·精讲：表示“对某事物好奇”用about:表示“渴望知道/做某事”用to do sth.。 .(1)She is curious about the origin of the universe.(2)The child is curious to open the box. ·真题链接：（沪教版高中必修第二册同步练习）：Students are always curious._the mysteries of nature.（答案：about) 2.shortage /'fo:tId3/n.不足；缺少：短缺 ·易错点：易与lack混淆，shortage侧重“数量不足”，常与of搭配：lack可作动词或名词，作 名词时搭配for lack of。. ·精讲：shortage为名词，常用搭配a shortage of sth.(某物短缺)：lack作动词时直接接宾语，如 lack money。 ·例句：There is a serious shortage of water in this area 高中·沪教版 寒假专版 ·真题链接：The_(短缺)of medical supplies has affected the treatment of patients.(答案：shortage) 3.request/I'kwest/n.(正式/礼貌的)要求：请求 ·易错点：易混淆动词用法，request后接宾语从句时需用虚拟语气(should+动词原形，should 可省略)；易误与require混淆，request语气更委婉。 ·精讲：名词搭配make a request for sth.;动词搭配request sb.to do sth./request that..(虚拟语 气)。 ·例句：The teacher requested that we(should)hand in the homework on time. ·真题链接：The manager_(要求)all employees to attend the meeting yesterday..(答案：requested) 4.lack1ek/n.缺乏；匮乏；短缺 ·易错点：易混淆词性，lack可作名词或动词，作名词时常用搭配for lack of(因缺乏…)：作 动词时无被动语态，不可说be lacked。 ·精讲：作动词时直接接宾语，如He lacks confidence;作名词时a lack of sth.(缺乏某物)。 ·例句：His failure was due to lack of experience, ·真题链接：She couldn't finish the task because she(缺乏)necessary skills..(答案：lacked) 5.failure/'ferlja(r)/n.失败的人/事物：失败 ·易错点：易误与动词fail混淆，failure为名词，不可作谓语；易忽略“失败的人/事物”这一含 义，如He is a failure as a father。 ·精讲：表示“失败”时为不可数名词；表示“失败的人/事”时为可数名词。 ·例句：(I)Success comes after many failures..(2)The plan was a complete failure ·真题链接：Don'tbe afraid of._(失败)，keep trying and you will succeed.(答案：failure) 6.professional /pra'fefanl/adj.专业的：职业的 ·易错点：易混淆形容词与名词含义，作名词时指“专业人士”；易误写为profession(名词，职 业)。 ·精讲：作形容词时修饰名词，如professional skills::作名词时搭配a professional in..(某领域的 专业人士)。 ·例句：She is a professional dancer with 10 years of experience. ·真题链接：Only(专业的)athletes can take part in the Olympic Games.(答案：professional) 7.false /f::ls/adj.错误的：不真实的 ·易错点：易与fake混淆，false侧重“与事实不符”，如false information;fake侧重“伪造的、 冒充的”，如fake money。. 高中·沪教版 寒假专版 ·精讲：固定搭配false alarm（虚惊一场)；反义词为tue。 ·例句：He gave a false excuse for being late ·真题链接：Spreading_(错误的)news on the Internet is against the law.(答案：false) 8.setback/setbaek/n.挫折：阻碍 ·易错点：易误写为set back(动词短语，推迟/阻碍)，忽略setback为合成名词，需连写：易与 difficulty混淆，setback侧重“暂时的挫折”。 ·精讲：setback为名词，常用搭配suffer a setback(遭遇挫折)：set back为动词短语，如The rain set back the project。 ·例句：Despite the setback,they continued to work on the experiment. ·真题链接：After several._(挫折)，he finally achieved his goal.(答案：setbacks) 9.title/'tat/n.(书/诗/画等的)名称；标题 ·易错点：易与topic混淆，title指“具体作品的标题”；topic指“讨论/文章的主题”。 ·精讲：表示“标题”时，书名、文章名的title首字母需大写；搭配the title of..(…的标题)。 ·例句：What's the title of the novel you are reading? ·真题链接：The_(标题)of the passage should be short and clear.(答案：title) 10.in addition除…以外（还） ·易错点：易混淆与in addition to的用法，in addition单独作状语，后接句子；in addition to后接 名词/动名词，相当于besides。 ·精讲：in addition=besides(此外)，位于句首或句中；in addition to+宾语，如In addition to English,he studies French ·例句：He is good at math.In addition,.he excels in physics. ·真题链接：_（除…以外）reading,he also likes playing basketball..(答案：In addition to) 11.realistic/,i:lstk/adj.现实的；实事求是的 ·易错点：易与practical混淆，realistic侧重“符合现实、不空想”；practical侧重“实用的、可 行的”。 ·精讲：固定搭配be realistic about sth.(对某事持现实态度)。 ·例句：It's realistic to finish the work in three days. ·真题链接：We need to make a_(现实的)plan for the project..(答案：realistic) 12.permanently/'p3 manantli/adv.永久地；永恒地 ·易错点：易与副词constantly(不断地)混淆，permanently强调“时间上的永久”；constantly 强调“频率上的持续”。 高中·沪教版 寒假专版 ·精讲：形容词形式为permanent(永久的)，搭配permanently damage(永久损坏)。 ·例句：The flood permanently destroyed the village ·真题链接：The accident left him_(永久地)disabled.(答案：permanently) 13.atmosphere/'etmasfi(/n.(地球的)大气：大气层 ·易错点：易忽略“气氛”这一含义，如a friendly atmosphere(友好的气氛)：拼写易漏写中间 的s,误写为atmoshere。 ·精讲：表示“大气层”时为不可数名词；表示“气氛”时为可数名词，常用搭配create an at- mosphere。 ·例句：The atmosphere of the party was very lively. ·真题链接：The_(大气层)protects the Earth from harmful radiation..(答案：atmosphere) 14.outstanding/aot'staendu/adj.优秀的；杰出的 ·易错点：易与excellent混淆，outstanding侧重“在同类中突出、卓越”，语气强于excellent:易 误写为outstandding(多写d)。 ·精讲：固定搭配an outstanding student(优秀学生)：反义词为ordinary。 ·例句：Her outstanding performance won her a gold medal, ·真题链接：an Longping was an._(杰出的)scientist in agriculture..(答案：outstanding) 易错词汇综合训练 1.一、单项选择 1.Students are always curious_the secrets of the ocean. ●A.to ●B.about 。c.for ●D.with 2.The project was delayed due toof funding. ●A.shortage 。B.lack 高中·沪教版 寒假专版 ·C.failure ●D.setback 3.The manager requested that all staff_on time for the meeting tomorrow. ●A.arrive ●B.arrives 。C.arrived ●D.will arrive 4.reading novels,she also enjoys writing short stories. ·A.In addition ·B.Besides 。C.In addition to 。D.Except 5.You need to beabout your chances of winning the competition. ·A.realistic ·B.practical 。C.false 。D.outstanding 2.二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The_()of the article should attract readers'attention. 2.The village was_（(永久地)destroyed by the earthquake. 3.We should face(bravely and never give up 4.There is a()of fresh water in some African countries. 5.His()in the exam taught him to study harder. 6.The team suffered a serious_()of skilled players. 3.三、首字母填空 高中·沪教版 寒假专版 1.The atmosphere of the party was very f and relaxed. 2.She is a pdancer who has won many competitions. 3.Don't spread f information online;it may cause trouble 4.After several s,he finally succeeded in inventing the machine. 5.The book's tis"The Journey of Life",which sounds interesting. 4.四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.He(lack)confidence when speaking in public,so he practices every day. 2.The teacher requested us_(hand)in our homework before Friday. 3.Her(fail)to pass the test made her parents very disappointed 4.We should deal with problems in a(realistic)way instead of daydreaming. 5.The company's decision will(permanent)change our working conditions. 5.参考答案 ·一、单项选择 1B2.A3.A4.C5.A ·二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.title 2.permanently 3.setbacks 4.lack 5.failure 6.shortage ·三、首字母填空 1.friendly 2.professional 3.false 4.setbacks 5.title ·四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.lacks 2.to hand 3.failure 4.realistic 5.permanently