Unit 3 Fit for life一-2025-2026学年高中英语重点词汇精讲选择性必修第二册（译林版）

高中·译林 寒假专版 词汇核心考点精讲 【寒假专版】 高中·译林·选择性必修第二册Unit3 Fit for life 单元词汇总览 surgeon/'s3:d39n/n.外科医生 序中的)病毒 步，走来走去；确定速度，调整 physician /fr'zn/n.医师，内科cancer/'kansa(r)/n.癌症：邪恶，节奏 医生 毒瘤 arise /a'raiz/vi.(arose,arisen) chemist/kemist/n.药剂师，药identify/ar'dentifar/t.找到，发生，出现：（由）引起，（因…）产 商：化学家 现，确认，认出：显示，说明身生 dentist/'dentist/n.牙科医生 份 restrict/rI'strikt//t.限制，限定； specialize'spe∫alaz/(AmE spe-relate/r'let/vi.&t.联系，使束缚，妨碍；约束，管束 cialise)vi.专门研究（或从事），专有联系；叙述，讲述 prohibit /pr3'hbt/t.(尤指以法 攻 relate to涉及，与…相关 令)禁止：使不可能；prohibit sb *gene/d3in/n.基因 means /mi:nz/n.(pl.means)方from doing sth禁止某人做某事 game-changing/'germ tfemnd3/法，方式：财富，钱财 resistance /rI'zIstans/n.抵抗力： adj.改变游戏规则的（指彻底改delete/h'lit/t.删去，删除 抵制，反对：抵抗，反抗 变事态发展的) restore1'sto:(r)/t.恢复：修复；flu /flu:/n.流行性感冒，流感 *genome/d3in3om/n.基因组， 使复原，使复位 characteristic kaerakta'rIstrk/n. 染色体组 ultimately/'Altrmatli/adv.最终：特征，特点；adj.典型的，独特 cel/sel/n.细胞 根本上 的 *being/'bi:I/n.生物：存在：身 abnormal/eb'nml/adj.反常的，wrestle'res/vi.&t.奋力对付， 心 畸形的 努力处理；摔跤：wrestle with努 lifespan/'larfspaen/n.寿命，有效weapon /'wep3n/n.武器，手段；力处理，全力解决 期 兵器 put sth in place准备就绪 affect/a'fekt/t.影响：侵袭，使fundamental/fnd'nentl/.ad.debate/dr'bert/t.&vi.讨论，辩 感染：深深打动 十分重大的，根本的：基础的，基论：仔细考虑，思考：n.讨论，争 contract /kan'traekt/vt. 感染本的；n.基本规律，根本法则，基论；辩论 (疾病)：与…订立合同（或契约）：础 without doubt毫无疑问，的确 /'kpntraekt//n.合同，合约 pace /pers/n.发生的速度，节奏；finding/famd/n.调查发现，调 irus'var3sn.病毒；（计算机程步速；快节奏；vi.&t.来回踱研结果 词汇核心考点精讲 1.specialize/'spefalarz/i.专门研究（或从事），专攻 ·核心考点：词性：动词（ⅵ） 核心义：专门研究（或从事），专攻 高中·译林 寒假专版 ·必记搭配与例句：·specialize in(专攻，专门从事)：She specializes in children's diseases. ·重点派生词：●specialist(名词)：a heart specialist(心脏病专家) ●specialization(名词)：the specialization of medicine(医学的专业化) 2.affect/a'fekt/vt.影响：侵袭，使感染；深深打动 ·核心考点：词性：动词(t) 3个核心义：影响：侵袭，使感染：深深打动 ·必记搭配与例句：●affect sth.(影响某事)：The climate affects agricultural production ●be affected by(被…侵袭/影响)：He was affected by the flu, 。affect sb.deeply(深深打动某人)：Her story affected us deeply. ·重点派生词：●affection(名词)：a mother's affection for her child(母亲对孩子的爱) ●affective(形容词)：affective disorders(情感障碍) 3.identify/ar'dentrfau/t.找到，发现，确认，认出；显示，说明身份 ·核心考点：词性：动词(t) 2个核心义：找到，发现，确认，认出：显示，说明身份 ·必记搭配与例句：●identify sb./sth.(认出/确认某人W某物)：Can you identify the suspect? ●identify with(认同，与…有同感)：I can identify with her struggles. ·重点派生词：●identification(名词)：student identification card(学生证) ●identical(形容词)：identical twins(同卵双胞胎) 4.relate /r'let/vi.&t.联系，使有联系；叙述，讲述 ·核心考点：词性：动词（ⅵ.&t) 2个核心义：联系，使有联系：叙述，讲述 ·必记搭配与例句：·relate to(涉及，与…相关)：The report relates to public health ●relate sth.tosb.(向某人讲述某事)：She related her adventure to us.. ●relate A to B(把A和B联系起来)：We should relate theory to practice.. ·重点派生词：●relation(名词)：family relations(家庭关系) ●relative(形容词/名词)：relative importance(相对重要性)；a close relative(近亲) ●relationship(名词)：a good relationship（良好的关系) 5.restore/r1'st:(r)/t.恢复；修复；使复原，使复位 ·核心考点：词性：动词(t) 3个核心义：恢复：修复：使复原，使复位 ·必记搭配与例句：●restore sth.(恢复/修复某物)：The old painting was carefully restored. ●restore sb.to sth.(使某人恢复到…状态)：He was restored to health, ●restore order(恢复秩序)：The police worked to restore order. 高中·译林 寒假专版 ·重点派生词：●restoration(名词)：the restoration of the temple(寺庙的修复) ·restorative(形容词)：restorative exercises(康复训练) 6.abnormal/eb'n3ml/adj.反常的，畸形的 ·核心考点：词性：形容词(adj) 核心义：反常的，畸形的 ·必记搭配与例句：·abnormal behavior（反常行为)：His abnormal behavior worried us.. ●abnormal conditions(异常情况)：The plant can't grow in abnormal conditions. ·重点派生词：●abnormality（名词)：a genetic abnormality(基因异常) ●abnormally(副词)：abnormally high temperatures（异常的高温) 7.fundamental/fnds'mentl/adj.十分重大的，根本的：基础的，基本的；n.基本规律，根本法则， 基础 ·核心考点：词性：形容词(adj):名词(n.) 2个核心义：十分重大的，根本的：基础的，基本的（形容词）：基本规律，根本法则，基础 (名词) ·必记搭配与例句：●fundamental to(对…至关重要)：Fresh air is fundamental to good health. ●fundamental principles(基本原则)：We must follow the fundamental principles ·重点派生词：●fundamentally(副词)：fundamentally different(根本不同的) 8.arise/'rarz/vi.(arose,arisen)发生，出现；（由）引起，（因）产生 ·核心考点：词性：动词(i.)(过去式：arose,过去分词：arisen) 2个核心义：发生，出现；（由…）引起，（因…）产生 ·必记搭配与例句：●arise from/out of(由.引起)：Problems arose from the lack of communication. ●When difficulties arise(当困难出现时)：We should face them bravely. 9.restrict /rI'strikt//vt.限制，限定；束缚，妨碍：约束，管束 ·核心考点：词性：动词(t) 核心义：限制，限定；束缚，妨碍：约束，管束 ·必记搭配与例句：·restrict sth.to sth.(把某物限制在…范围内)：Membership is restricted to adults. ●restrict sb.'s freedom(限制某人的自由)：Don't restrict his freedom unnecessarily. ·重点派生词：●restriction(名词)：age restrictions(年龄限制) ●restrictive(形容词)：restrictive laws(限制性法律) l0.prohibit /pr3hbt/t.(尤指以法令)禁止；使不可能 高中·译林 寒假专版 ·核心考点：词性：动词(t.) 核心义：（尤指以法令）禁止；使不可能 ·必记搭配与例句：·prohibit sb.from doing sth.(禁止某人做某事)：Smoking is prohibited here. ●prohibit sth.(禁止某事)：The law prohibits such actions. ·重点派生词：●prohibition(名词)：the prohibition of alcohol(禁酒令) ●prohibited(形容词)：a prohibited item(违禁物品) l1.ultimately/'ltmatli/adv.最终；根本上 ·核心考点：词性：副词(adv,) 核心义：最终：根本上 ·必记搭配与例句：·ultimately lead to（最终导致)：His mistakes ultimately led to failure. ●ultimately decide(最终决定)：She will ultimately decide the matter. 12.characteristic/kaerakta'rIstIk/n.特征，特点；adj.典型的，独特的 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n):形容词(aj) 核心义：特征，特点（名词）：典型的，独特的（形容词） ·必记搭配与例句：●characteristic of(是…的特征)：This behavior is characteristic of teenagers. ●main characteristics(主要特征)：The main characteristics of the disease are fever and cough. ·重点派生词：●character（名词)：a strong character(坚强的性格) 13.wrestle /'resl/vi.&t.奋力对付，努力处理；摔跤 ·核心考点：词性：动词（ⅵ.&t) 2个核心义：奋力对付，努力处理；摔跤 ·必记搭配与例句：●wrestle with(努力处理，全力解决)：She's wrestling with a difficult decision. ·wrestle sb.(与某人摔跤)：They wrestled each other for fun. 14.debate/dbet/t.&vi.讨论，辩论；仔细考虑，思考：n.讨论，争论；辩论 ·核心考点：词性：动词(t.&vi.):名词(n.) 核心义：讨论，辩论：仔细考虑，思考（动词）：讨论，争论：辩论（名词） ·必记搭配与例句：·debate about/on sth.(就某事辩论)：They debated about the new policy. ●under debate(在讨论中)：The issue is under debate, ·重点派生词：·debater(名词)：a skilled debater(熟练的辩手) 15.finding/'famdu/n.调查发现，调研结果 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n) 核心义：调查发现，调研结果 高中·译林 寒假专版 ·必记搭配与例句：●research findings(研究发现)：The research findings were published. ●the findings of the report(报告的结果)：The findings of the report are surprising 词汇核心考点综合训练 1.一、单项选择 1.The scientist decided to in environmental protection after graduation 。A.specialize ·B.identify ●C.restore ●D.prohibit 2.The bad weather has seriously the progress of the construction project. ●A.affected ●B.related ●C.restricted ·D.debated 3.Can you the man who saved the child from the river yesterday? 。A.arise ●B.identify ●C.wrestle ●D.restore 4.Fresh air and clean water are to human survival. ●A.abnormal ●B.fundamental ●C.characteristic 高中·译林 寒假专版 ·D.restrictive 5.Many problems from the misunderstanding between the two teams. ●A.arose ●B.restored ●C.prohibited ·D.specialized 6.The law people from smoking in public places. 。A.restricts ●B.prohibits ●C.relates 。D.debates 7.Her courage and kindness are of a true leader. ●A.characteristics ●B.findings ●C.restrictions ●D.restorations 8.The old temple to its original beauty after years of repair. ●A.restricted ●B.prohibited ●C.restored ·D.identified 9.They spent hours about whether to accept the new job offer. ●A.wrestling 。B.debating 高中·译林 寒假专版 ·C.arising ·D.relating 10.The research show that regular exercise improves mental health. ●A.findings ·B.specializations ●C.abnormalities ●D.prohibitions 2.二、根据提示补全句子 1.The doctor's (specialize)is in treating heart diseases. 2.The (affect)of the storm on the village was severe 3.We need to show more (affect)towards each other in difficult times 4.The (identify)of the lost child was finally confirmed by DNA testing. 5.The (restore)of the ancient painting took three months. 6.There are strict (restrict)on the number of visitors allowed per day. 7.The (prohibit)of plastic bags has helped reduce environmental pollution. 8.She has a close (relation)with her grandparents. 3.三、首字母填空 1.The team is still d the best way to solve the problem. 2.His a behavior in class caught the teacher's attention. 3.U the project failed due to lack of funding. 4.The book (r)to many historical events that happened in the 19th century. 5.She spent the whole afternoon w. with the difficult math problem. 4.参考答案 ·一、单项选择 1.A2.A3B4.B5.A6.B7.A8.C9B10.A ·二、根据提示补全句子 1.specialization 2.effect 3.affection 4.identification 5.restoration 6.restrictions 7.prohibition 8rela- tionship 高中·译林 寒假专版 ·三、首字母填空 1.debating 2.abnormal 3.Ultimately 4.relates 5.wrestling