Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world 二-2025-2026学年高中英语重点词汇精讲必修第三册（译林版）

高中·译林版·必修第三册 寒假专版 C版词汇核心考点精讲 【寒假专版】 高中·译林版·必修第三册Unit4 Scientists who changed the world二 单元词汇总览 conduct /kan'dkt/t.&vi.组织，by accident偶然，意外地 metal/'metl/h.金属 实施：指挥：引导；举止 intelligent/m'teld3ent/adj.有才charge /tfa:d/vt.&vi.充电：收 illustrate /'lastrert/vt.说明，解智的，聪明的：有智力的 费：控告：谴责：使…承担责任： 释：加图于 favour /'ferva(r)/(AmE favor)t.使充满：n.收费；控告：遣责： *penicillin/.penr'slm/m.青霉素，较喜欢：偏祖：有助于；n.帮助，掌管 盘尼西林 好事：赞同；偏祖 electric'lektrIk/adj..电的，发电 *mould /mauld(AmE mold)n.politician/.pDla'tn/m.政治家，的，电动的 霉菌：模具；类型：t.浇铸，塑从政者：投机钻营者 bang /bae/h.突然的巨响：猛 造 *lightning/'lartnm/h.闪电 ,猛击；vi.&t.砸；砰地关 *bacteria /baek'traria/n.(sing. electricity1,lek'trisati/n.电，电上；猛撞；碰撞 bacterium)细菌 能 with a bang很成功：引人注目， surround/sa'rand/t.围绕，环heory/Orari/n.学说，论；原理；有强烈影响 绕：包围：与…紧密相关 看法，意见 standout/'staendaut/adj.突出的： indicate/'ndikert/t.表明；暗示：thunderstorm/'ndasto:m/n.雷n.突出的人（或物） 提及：指出 雨，雷暴 *atomic /a'tomik/adj.原子能的； accident/'eksidant/n.意外，偶*ribbon/'rIban/n.带子，丝带：带原子的 然的事：事故，意外遭遇 状物 词汇核心考点精讲 1.conduct /kan'dkt/t.&vi.组织，实施：指挥：引导：举止 ·核心考点：词性：及物动词/不及物动词(t.&vi) 3个核心义：组织实施（活动/实验）、指挥（乐队/活动）、举止（行为表现） ·必记搭配与例句：·conduct an experiment(进行实验)：They will conduct an experiment next week. ●conduct a meeting(主持会议)：The manager conducted the meeting successfully. 。conduct oneself(行为举止)：He conducted himself well at the party. ·重点派生词：·conductor(名词)：bus conductor(公交售票员)orchestra conductor(乐队指 挥) ●conductive(形容词)：conductive material(导电材料) 高中·译林版·必修第三册 寒假专版 2.illustrate/'l3 strert/.t.说明，解释；加图于 ·核心考点：词性：及物动词(t.) 2个核心义：说明解释（观点/理论）、加图于（书籍/文章） ·必记搭配与例句：●illustrate with（用…说明)：He illustrated his point with examples. ●illustrate a book(给书配插图)：The artist illustrated the children's book ·重点派生词：·illustration(名词)：a clear illustration(清晰的例证)：book illustrations(书籍 插图) ·illustrative(形容词)：illustrative examples(说明性例子) 3.indicate/'ndikert/.t表明：暗示：提及：指出 ·核心考点：词性：及物动词(t.) 3个核心义：表明（趋势/态度)、暗示（想法/意图）、指出（方向/位置） ·必记搭配与例句：●indicate sth.tosb.(向某人指出某物)：She indicated the path to us ●indicate that..(表明…)：The data indicates that prices will rise. ●indicate a change(显示变化)：These signs indicate a change in weather ·重点派生词：●indication(名词)：there is no indication(没有迹象)：give an indication(给出 暗示) ●indicative(形容词)：indicative of(表明…)：His silence is indicative of agreement. 4.favour/'feva)/(AmE favor)t.较喜欢；偏祖；有助于；n.帮助，好事；赞同；偏祖 ·核心考点：词性：及物动词/名词(t./n.) 3个核心义：较喜欢（偏好选择）、偏祖（不公平对待）、帮助（善意行为） ·必记搭配与例句：·in favour of(支持；赞成)：Most people are in favour of the plan ●dosb.a favour(帮某人忙)：Could you do me a favour? ●favour sb.over others(偏袒某人)：Teachers shouldn't favour one student over others. ·重点派生词：·favourable(形容词)：favourable conditions(有利条件)；favourable comment (好评) ●favourite(形容词/名词)：favourite food(最喜欢的食物)：a favourite(特别喜爱的人/物) 5.charge /tfa:d3/t.&vi.充电；收费；控告；谴责；使…承担责任；使充满；n.收费；控告；谴责； 掌管 ·核心考点：词性：及物动词/不及物动词/名词(t.&vi./n.) 4个核心义：充电（电器蓄电）、收费（金钱交易）、控告（法律行为）、掌管（负责管理） ·必记搭配与例句：●in charge of(负责)：She is in charge of the project, ●charge sb.with sth.(控告某人某事)：He was charged with theft. ●charge for(收费)：They charge 10 yuan for the service ●charge a battery(给电池充电)：Remember to charge the phone battery 高中·译林版·必修第三册 寒假专版 ·重点派生词：●charger(名词)：phone charger(手机充电器) ·chargeable(形容词)：chargeable items(收费项目) 6.surround/s3 raund/t.围绕，环绕：包围；与…紧密相关 ·核心考点：词性：及物动词(t.) 2个核心义：围绕环绕（空间位置）、包围（形成包围圈） ·必记搭配与例句：·be surrounded by(被…环绕)：The house is surrounded by trees. ●surround oneself with(与…为伴)：She surrounds herself with friends. ·重点派生词：●surroundings(名词)：living surroundings(生活环境) ●surrounding（形容词)：surrounding areas(周边地区) 7.intelligent/m'teld3nt/adj.有才智的，聪明的；有智力的 ·核心考点：词性：形容词(adj) 2个核心义：有才智的（人行为）、有智力的（生物/系统） ·必记搭配与例句：·intelligent enough to(足够聪明去…)：He is intelligent enough to solve the problem. ●an intelligent decision(明智的决定)：It's an intelligent decision to study abroad, ·重点派生词：·intelligence(名词)：artificial intelligence(人工智能)；high intelligence(高智 商) ●intelligently（副词)：act intelligently(明智地行动) 8.theory/'Iain.学说，论；原理：看法，意见 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n) 2个核心义：学说理论（学术观点）、看法意见（个人想法） ·必记搭配与例句：·in theory(理论上)：In theory,this method should work ●develop a theory(提出理论)：Scientists developed a new theory. ·重点派生词：●theoretical(形容词)：theoretical physics(理论物理)；theoretical knowledge(理 论知识) ●theorist(名词)：a political theorist(政治理论家) 9.electric'lektrik/adj.电的，发电的，电动的 ·核心考点：词性：形容词(adj) 2个核心义：电的（与电相关）、电动的（靠电驱动） ·必记搭配与例句：●electric appliances(电器)：We have many electric appliances at home. ●electric car(电动汽车)：He bought a new electric car. 高中·译林版·必修第三册 寒假专版 ·重点派生词：●electrical(形容词)：electrical engineering(电气工程)；electrical problem(电 路问题) ·electricity(名词)：save electricity(节约用电) 10.standout/'staendaut/adj.突出的：n.突出的人（或物 ·核心考点：词性：形容词/名词(adj./n.) 2个核心义：突出的（人/物特征）、突出的人/物（优秀个体） ·必记搭配与例句：●a standout performance(出色的表演)：Her speech was a standout performance. ●a standout among(在…中突出)：He is a standout among his classmates. ·重点派生词：●stand out(动词短语)：stand out from(从…中脱颖而出)：Her red d山ress stood out from the crowd. 11.atomic/A'tomik/adj.原子能的；原子的 ·核心考点：词性：形容词(adj) 2个核心义：原子能的（能量相关）、原子的（物理属性） ·必记搭配与例句：●atomic energy(原子能)：Atomic energy can be used to generate electricity. ●atomic structure(原子结构)：We learned about atomic structure in chemistry. ·重点派生词：●atom(名词)：hydrogen atom(氢原子) ●atomically(副词)：atomically precise(原子级精确) 12.mould /maold/(AmE mold)n.霉菌：模具；类型；t.浇铸，塑造 ·核心考点：词性：及物动词/名词(t./n.) 3个核心义：浇铸塑造（金属/塑料加工）入、霉菌（微生物）、类型（人物种类） ·必记搭配与例句：●mould into(将…塑造成)：The artist moulded the clay into a statue, ●nould on food(食物上的霉菌)：There's mould on the bread. ●a new mould of(新型…)：a new mould of smartphone(新型智能手机) ·重点派生词：●noulding(名词)：plastic moulding(塑料成型)：wall moulding(墙面装饰线条) 词汇核心考点综合训练 1.一、单项选择 1.The scientist plans to a series of experiments to test the new theory. ●A.conduct ●B.illustrate 高中·译林版·必修第三册 寒假专版 。C.indicate ●D.favour 2.The chart that the company's profits have doubled in the past year. ●A.surrounds ●B.indicates ●C.charges ●D.moulds 3.Most students are of the new school rules. ●A.in charge of ●B.in favour of ·C.surrounded by ●D.indicative of 4.Please remember to your phone battery before the trip. ·A.charge ●B.conduct ●C.illustrate ●D.stand out 5.The small village is by mountains and rivers. ●A.indicated ·B.moulded 。C.surrounded ●D.favoured 6.Her performance in the competition won her first prize 高中·译林版·必修第三册 寒假专版 ●A.intelligent ●B.standout ●C.electrical ●D.atomic 7.The teacher used examples to the difficult grammar point ●A.illustrate ●B.charge 。C.surround ●D.indicate 8.He was with theft after the police found stolen goods in his house. ●A.surrounded ●B.moulded ●C.charged ·D.indicated 9.Artificial has become an important field in modern technology. ●A.intelligence ●B.indication 。C.conduction ●D.illustration 10.n this method sounds perfect,but it may not work in practice. ·A.theory ●B.favour 。C.charge 高中·译林版·必修第三册 寒假专版 ●D.surroundings 2.二、根据提示补全句子 1.The (conduct)of the orchestra received a warm welcome from the audience.(提示：名词， 指挥) 2.The data provides a clear (indicate)of market trends..(提示：名词，迹象) 3.She is one of the most (intelligence)students in our class.(提示：形容词，有才智的) 4.This material is highly (conduct)to electricity.(提示：形容词，导电的) 5.The artist spent months (mould)the clay into a beautiful sculpture.(提示：动词-ing,塑 造) 6.His (favour)attitude towards the project made everyone more confident..(提示：形容词， 有利的 7.The book includes many colorful (illustrate))to help children understand the story..(提示： 名词，插图) 8.We need to improve the living (surround)in the neighborhood.(提示：名词，环境) 3.三、首字母填空 1.The new electric car is quite popular because it is environmentally friendly and easy to c (提示：充电) 2.The sign at the crossroads i the direction to the nearest hospital.(提示：指出) 3.She always s_ out in a crowd because of her bright red hair.(提示：突出) 4.The company is developing a new t to explain the origin of the universe.(提示：理论) 5.It's important to keep food dry to prevent the growth of m (提示：霉菌) 4.参考答案 ·一、单项选择 ABBACBACAA ·二、根据提示补全句子 conductor indication intelligent conductive moulding favourable illustrations surroundings ·三、首字母填空 charge indicates stands theory mould