Unit 2 Helpful Schoolmates-Reading Actively-2025-2026学年高中英语重点词汇精讲必修第二册（重庆大学版）

高中必修第二册重庆大学版 寒假专版 词汇核心考点精讲 【寒假专版】 高中·重庆大学版·必修第二册Unit2 Helpful Schoolmates-Reading Acively 单元词汇总览 schoolmate/'sku:lmet/n.同学；务台 fault /f:t/n.错误；缺点：故障 校友 break /breik/v.打破：违反：弄V.挑剔：指责 apologise /a'pDld3azlv.道歉；坏；打碎n.休息；破裂；间断blame/blemm/v.责备：指责；归 认错：谢罪 rule /ru:1/n.规则：规章：统治v.咎于n.责备；责任：过失 explain/k'splem/v.解释；说明：统治；支配：裁决 understand /.Anda'staend/v. 阐明 offer /'Dfa)/v.提供；给予；提解：明白：懂得：获悉 struggle/'strAgl/v.h.奋斗；努议；出价n.提议；出价；意图misunderstand/mIsAnda'staend/ 力：挣扎；斗争 refuse/r'fju:zv.拒绝；回绝；不V.误解：误会；曲解 tap/taep/v.轻敲：轻拍：利用n.愿 轻敲；水龙头；窃听 accept /ak'sept/v.接受：认可： desk/desk/n.书桌；办公桌；服同意 词汇核心考点精讲 1.apologise/'pDl3d3aIz/v.道歉：认错；谢罪 ·核心考点：词性：动词(v) 2个核心义：道歉：认错 ·必记搭配与例句：●apologise to sb.(向某人道款)：You should apologise to your schoolmate ●apologise for(doing)sth.(因某事道歉)：He apologised for breaking the rule. ·重点派生词：●apology(名词)：make an apology(道歉) ●apologetic(形容词)：an apologetic smile(歉意的微笑) 2.explain /ik'splem/v.解释；说明；阐明 ·核心考点：词性：动词(v) 2个核心义：解释；说明 ·必记搭配与例句：·explain sth.tosb.(向某人解释某事)：Please explain the problem to me ●explain oneself(为自己辩解)：He tried to explain himself. ·重点派生词：·explanation(名词)：give an explanation(给出解释) ●explainable(形容词)：an explainable mistake(可解释的错误) 高中必修第二册重庆大学版 寒假专版 3.struggle/'strAgl/vh.奋斗；努力：挣扎：斗争 ·核心考点：词性：动词/名词(vn.) 3个核心义：奋斗：挣扎：斗争 ·必记搭配与例句：·struggle for（为…奋斗)：We struggle for our dreams. ●struggle with（与…斗争)：She struggles with math. ●struggle to do sth.(努力做某事)：He struggled to finish the work. ·重点派生词：·struggling（形容词)：a struggling student（努力奋斗的学生) ●struggle(名词)：a long struggle(长期斗争) 4.offer/f(r/v.提供：给予：提议：出价n.提议：出价：意图 ·核心考点：词性：动词/名词(v.n.) 3个核心义：提供：提议：出价 ·必记搭配与例句：·offer sth.tosb.(给某人提供某物)：He offered help to me. ●offer to do sth.（主动提出做某事)：She offered to explain. ●nake an offer(出价)：They made a good offer. ·重点派生词：●offering（名词)：a birthday offering(生日礼物) ·offered(形容词)：the offered job(提供的工作) 5.refuse/rI'fju:z/v.拒绝：回绝；不愿 ·核心考点：词性：动词(v) 2个核心义：拒绝：回绝 ·必记搭配与例句：●refuse to do sth.(拒绝做某事)：He refused to accept the offer. ●refuse sth.(拒绝某物)：She refused the gift. ·重点派生词：●refusal(名词)：a refusal letter(拒绝信) ●refused(形容词)：the refused request(被拒绝的请求) 6.accept/k'sept/v.接受；认可；同意 ·核心考点：词性：动词(v) 2个核心义：接受：认可 ·必记搭配与例句：●accept sth.(接受某物)：I accept your apology. ●accept sb..as(接纳某人为)：We accept him as our friend. ·重点派生词：●acceptance(名词)：letter of acceptance(录取通知书) ●acceptable(形容词)：an acceptable answer(可接受的答案) 7.fault/fo:lt/n.错误；缺点：故障v.挑剔：指责 ·核心考点：词性：名词/动词(nw.) 2个核心义：错误：缺点（名词）：挑剔（动词） 高中必修第二册重庆大学版 寒假专版 ·必记搭配与例句：●find fault with(挑剔)：She always finds fault with me. ●be at fault(有责任)：He was at fault for the accident.. ·重点派生词：●faulty(形容词)：a faulty machine(故障机器) ·faultlessly(副词)：work faultlessly(完美地工作) 8.blame/blerm/v.责备：指责；归咎于n.责备；责任；过失 ·核心考点：词性：动词/名词(v.h.) 2个核心义：责备：归咎于（动词）：责备（名词） ·必记搭配与例句：●blame sb.for sth.(因某事责备某人)：They blamed him for the fault.. ●take the blame（承担责任)：He took the blame. ·重点派生词：●blaming(形容词)：a blaming look(责备的眼神) ·blameless(形容词)：a blameless child(无过错的孩子) 9.understand/,nd'staend/V.理解；明白；懂得；获悉 ·核心考点：词性：动词(v) 2个核心义：理解：明白 ·必记搭配与例句：·understand sb.(理解某人)：I understand your struggle. ●make oneself understood(使自己被理解)：He tried to make himself understood. ·重点派生词：●understanding（名词)：mutual understanding(相互理解) ·understandable（形容词)：an understandable mistake(可理解的错误) 10.misunderstand/mIsAnda'staend/v.误解；误会；曲解 ·核心考点：词性：动词(v) 2个核心义：误解：误会 ·必记搭配与例句：●misunderstand sb..(误解某人)：Don't misunderstand me. ●misunderstand sth.(误解某事)：HIe misunderstood the rule.. ·重点派生词：·misunderstanding(名词)：clear up a misunderstanding(澄清误会) ●misunderstood(形容词)：a misunderstood child(被误解的孩子) 11.break /breik/v.打破：违反；弄坏；打碎n.休息：破裂：间断 ·核心考点：词性：动词/名词(v.) 3个核心义：打破：违反：休息 ·必记搭配与例句：·break the rule(违反规则)：Don't break the rule. ●break down(出故障)：The car broke down. ●take a break(休息一下)：Let's take a break, ·重点派生词：●broken(形容词)：a broken desk(破桌子) ·breakage(名词)：breakage of glass(玻璃破碎) 高中必修第二册重庆大学版 寒假专版 12.rule /ru:/n.规则；规章：统治v.统治：支配；裁决 ·核心考点：词性：名词/动词(n.~) 3个核心义：规则：统治；裁决 ·必记搭配与例句：●follow the rule(遵守规则)：We must follow the rule. ●rule over(统治)：The king ruled over the country. ●rule that(裁决)：The judge ruled that he was right.. ·重点派生词：·uler（名词)：aruler(尺子)：aruler(统治者) ●ruling(形容词)：the ruling party(执政党) 13.ta即ep/v.轻敲：轻拍：利用n.轻敲：水龙头：窃听 ·核心考点：词性：动词/名词(v.n.) 3个核心义：轻敲：利用；水龙头 ·必记搭配与例句：·ta即on(轻敲)：He tapped on the desk ●tap into(利用)：We tap into our resources. ●turn on the tap(打开水龙头)：Please turn on the tap. ·重点派生词：●tapping(名词)：the tapping sound(轻敲声) ·tapped(形容词)：tapped resources(已利用的资源) 14.understand/.nds'staend/v.理解；明白；懂得：获悉 ·核心考点：词性：动词(v) 2个核心义：理解：获悉 ·必记搭配与例句：●understand about(了解)：I understand about your problem. ●It's understood that(众所周知)：It's understood that we must work hard. ·重点派生词：●understanding(形容词)：an understanding friend(善解人意的朋友) ●understood(过去分词)：as understood(正如所理解的) 15.misunderstand/,mIsanda'staend/v.误解；误会；曲解 ·核心考点：词性：动词(v) 2个核心义：误会；曲解 ·必记搭配与例句：·misunderstand as(误认为)：He was misunderstood as a bad student, ●misunderstand the situation(误解情况)：They misunderstood the situation ·重点派生词：●misunderstandingly(副词)：speak misunderstandingly(误解地说) ●misunderstood(过去分词)：as misunderstood(正如被误解的) 词汇核心考点综合训练 高中必修第二册重庆大学版 寒假专版 1.一、单项选择 1.You should to your teacher for being late. ●A.apologise ●B.explain ·C.refuse ●D.accept 2.He tried to himself but no one believed him. ·A.struggle 。B.explain ●C.offer 。D.blame 3.We must for our dreams no matter how hard it is. ·A.struggle 。B.tap 。C.ule ●D.misunderstand 4.She to help me with my homework yesterday. 。A.accepted ●B.refused 。C.offered ●D.blamed 5.He the gift because he didn't like it. ●A.accepted 高中必修第二册重庆大学版 寒假专版 ·B.refused ●C.offered ●D.apologised 6.The company him a good job,but he didn't take it. ·A.blamed ●B.understood 。C.offered ●D.found 7.Don’t me-I just wanted to help ●A.nisunderstand ·B.understand 。C.explain 。D.tap 8.Who is for the broken window? ●A.at fault 。B.in fault 。C.with fault ●D.on fault 9.The car on the way to school,so we were late. ●A.broke down ●B.took a break ●C.followed the rule ●D.made an offer 10.We should always the traffic rules to stay safe 高中必修第二册重庆大学版 寒假专版 ·A.break ●B.follow 。C.tap ●D.blame 2.二、根据提示补全句子 1.His (apologise)made her feel better.(用所给词的名词形式填空) 2.I need an (explain)for your absence..(用所给词的名词形式填空 3.She is a (struggle)artist trying to succeed.(用所给词的形容词形式填空) 4.The (accept)of the new policy was widely discussed.(用所给词的名词形式填空) 5.The machine is (faut),so we need to repair it..(用所给词的形容词形式填空) 6.He wrote a letter of (refuse))to the company.(用所给词的名词形式填空) 7.We have a mutual (understand)about the problem.(用所给词的名词形式填空) 8.There was a (misunderstand)between us,but we cleared it up.(用所给词的名词形式填 空) 3.三、首字母填空 1.You must a to your parents for lying.(根据句意及首字母提示补全单词) 2.Can you e this math problem to me?I don't get it. 3.She s_ with English grammar every day. 4.Heo to carry the heavy box for the old lady 5.The judger that the man was not guilty. 4.参考答案 ·一、单项选择 1.A2.B3.A4.C5B6.C7.A8.A9.A10.B ·二、根据提示补全句子 1.apology 2.explanation 3.struggling 4.acceptance 5.faulty 6.refusal 7.understanding 8.misunder- standing ·三、首字母填空 1.apologise 2.explain 3.struggles 4.offered 5.ruled