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高中·译林版·必修第三册
寒假专版
C版词汇核心考点精讲
【寒假专版】
高中·译林版·必修第三册Unit 1 Nature in the balance一
单元词汇总览
harm /ha:m/n.&t.伤害,损害species/'spi:fi:zln.(pl.species))硬树(阔叶树的木材)
soil /sol/n.土壤:国土,领土,种,物种
living'lv/a.活着的,活的:
土地
nut/nAtn.坚果;brazil nut巴西在使用的:n.生计,谋生;生活
ecosystem/'i:kausIstam/n.生态坚果
方式
系统
liy/'lli/n.百合(花):water lily mammal/'meml/n.哺乳动物
overseas/,uv9'si:z/adj.海外的,睡莲
jaguar/d3 egju3(r)/n.美洲豹,
国外的:adv.在海外,向国外variety /v3'rareti/n.不同种类;美洲虎
region'id39n/n.地区,区域;变化,多样性;变种,变体
survive /sa'vav/i.生存,存活:
行政区
wildlife/'warldlarf/n.野生动植t.幸存,幸免于难
continent/'kpntinant/.n.大陆,陆物,野生生物
frog /frog/n.蛙,青蛙
地,洲
beneath /bI'ni:/prep.在…下面,in turn相应地,转而
millio/'mlj/num.一百万;许在…下方;配不上
insect/'nsekt//n.昆虫
多,大量
mass/mes/n.大量:团,块,堆;microorganism/maikr3':ganizam
length1e]/n.长,长度:时间一大群:adj.大批的,广泛的n.微生物
的长短:篇幅;(电影)片长
towering/taw3rn/adj.高大的,break down使分解(为),使变化
biodiversity/baraudar'v3:sati/n.高耸的:出色的
(成)
生物多样性
hardwood/'ha:dwd/n.阔叶树;
词汇核心考点精讲
1.harm /ha:m/n.&t.伤害,损害
·核心考点:词性:名词(n)&动词(t.)
2个核心义:伤害(身体或情感上的损害)、损害(对事物的不良影响)
·必记搭配与例句:●do harm to(对…造成伤害):Smoking does great harm to health
●harm sb./sth.(伤害某人/某物):The storm harmed the crops.
·重点派生词:●harmful(形容词):harmful effects(有害影响)
●harmless(形容词):harmless insects(无害昆虫)
2.survive/sa'vaIv/vi.生存,存活:t.幸存,幸免于难
·核心考点:词性:不及物动词(vi.)&及物动词(t.)
2个核心义:生存(指在困难环境中维持生命)、幸存(经历灾难后活下来)
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·必记搭配与例句:●survive on(靠…生存):They survived on wild fruits.
●survive sth.(从…中幸存):He survived the accident.
·重点派生词:●survival(名词):the survival of the fittest(适者生存)
●survivor(名词):earthquake survivors(地震幸存者)
3.beneath/bI'ni:θ/prep.在…下面,在…下方;配不上
·核心考点:词性:介词(prp.)
2个核心义:在…下面(位置低于某物)、配不上(指地位或素质不及)
·必记搭配与例句:●beneath the surface(表面之下):There is more beneath the surface.
·beneath sb.(配不上某人):Such behavior is beneath you.
·用法辨析:。beneath/under/below:beneath强调垂直下方或抽象意义上的“不及”,under侧重
正下方,below指水平位置低于。
4.mass /maes/n.大量:团,块,堆:一大群:adj.大批的,广泛的
·核心考点:词性:名词(n)&形容词(adj.)
2个核心义:大量(数量很多的东西)、大批的(数量庞大的)
·必记搭配与例句:·a mass of(大量的):A mass of people gathered there.
●mass production(大规模生产):This factory uses mass production
·重点派生词:·massive(形容词):a massive building(巨大的建筑)
·massively(副词):massively important(极其重要)
5.variety /v3'rarati/n.不同种类;变化,多样性:变种,变体
·核心考点:词性:名词(n)
3个核心义:不同种类(多种类型的事物)、变化(事物的多样性)、变种(生物或植物的变体)
·必记搭配与例句:·a variety of(各种各样的):There are a variety of books here.
●variety show(综艺节目):We watched a variety show last night.
·重点派生词:●various(形容词):various reasons(各种原因)
●vay(动词):Opinions vary from person to person.
6.iing/"lv四/adj.活着的,活的:在使用的;n.生计,谋生;生活方式
·核心考点:词性:形容词(adj.)&名词(n.)
3个核心义:活着的(有生命的状态)、在使用的(仍被使用的)、生计(维持生活的方式)
·必记搭配与例句:·living things(生物):All living things need water..
●nake a living(谋生):He makes a living by teaching.
·用法辨析:●living/alive/live:living可作定语和表语,alive仅作表语,live作定语指“活的(动
物)”或“现场的”。
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7.region/ri:d3n/n.地区,区域:行政区
·核心考点:词性:名词(n.)
2个核心义:地区(较大的地理区域)、行政区(具有行政划分的区域)
·必记搭配与例句:●in the region of(大约):The cost is in the region of$l00.
●different regions(不同地区):Customs vary in different regions.
·重点派生词:●regional(形容词):regional culture(地域文化)
8.overseas./.Uv3'si:z/adj.海外的,国外的:ad.在海外,向国外
·核心考点:词性:形容词(adj)&副词(adv.)
2个核心义:海外的(国外的,涉及外国的)、在海外(到国外或在国外)
·必记搭配与例句:●overseas students(留学生):Overseas students face many challenges.
●go overseas(出▣):He decided to go overseas for further study.
·用法辨析:·overseas/foreign:overseas侧重“海外的”,foreign泛指“外国的”,如foreign
countries(外国)。
9.towering/'tawr四/adj.高大的,高耸的;出色的
·核心考点:词性:形容词(adj)
2个核心义:高大的(高度极高的)、出色的(在某方面杰出的)
·必记搭配与例句:●towering mountains(高耸的山脉):Towering mountains surrounded the village,
●towering achievements(卓越成就):He made towering achievements in science
·重点派生词:·tower(动词/名词):The building towers over the city.(动词,高耸);a clock
tower(名词,塔)
10.break down使分解(为),使变化(成)
·核心考点:词性:动词短语(phrasal verb)
2个核心义:使分解(将物质分解为成分)、使变化(将复杂事物转化为简单形式)
·必记搭配与例句:●break down into(分解成):Food breaks down into energy.
·break down a problem(分析问题):We need to break down the problem.
·用法拓展:●break down还可表示“(机器)出故障”“(人)情绪崩溃”:The car broke down on
the way.
11.in turn相应地,转而
·核心考点:词性:副词短语(adv.phrase)
1个核心义:相应地(表示因果或顺序上的依次关系)
·必记搭配与例句:·in turn(转而,依次):Plants provide food for animals,,which in turn provide
CO2 for plants
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·用法辨析:●in turn/by turns::in turn强调“依次,相应地”,by turns侧重“轮流,交替地”。
12.microorganism/,makr3U':ganizam/n.微生物
·核心考点:词性:名词(n.)
1个核心义:微生物(微小的生命体,如细菌、真菌等)
·必记搭配与例句:beneficial microorganisms(有益微生物):Soil contains many beneficial mi:
croorganisms.
·构词解析:·micro-(微小的)+organism(生物)→微生物
13.biodiversity/baIa5dar'v3sati/n.生物多样性
·核心考点:词性:名词(n.)
1个核心义:生物多样性(地球上生物种类的丰富程度)
·必记搭配与例句:·protect biodiversity(保护生物多样性):We must protect biodiversity:
·构词解析:·bio-(生物)+diversity(多样性)→生物多样性
14.ecosystem/i:kausIstam/n.生态系统
·核心考点:词性:名词(n)
1个核心义:生态系统(生物群落与其环境形成的统一整体)
·必记搭配与例句:●balanced ecosystem(平衡的生态系统):A balanced ecosystem is important
for survival.
·构词解析:·eco-(生态)+system(系统)→生态系统
词汇核心考点综合训练
1.一、单项选择
1.Smoking can do great_to your lungs.
●A.harmful
●B.ham
●C.harmless
●D.harmed
2.These plants can in the desert with little water.
高中·译林版·必修第三册
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·A.survive
●B.survival
●C.survivor
●D.surviving
3.The treasure is hiddenthe old tree.
。A.under
·B.below
。C.beneath
●D.above
4.A of tourists visited the museum during the holiday.
●A.mass
●B.massive
·C.massively
●D.massing
5.There are a_
of books in the school library.
●A.vary
●B.various
。C.variety
●D.variation
6.Only a few things can live in extreme environments like the deep sea.
●A.alive
。B.living
●C.live
高中·译林版·必修第三册
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·D.lively
7.The cost of the project is_$500,000.
●A.in the region of
·B.on the region of
。C.at the region of
●D.by the region of
8.Manystudents choose to study in China now.
·A.foreign
●B.overseas
●C.abroad
●D.oversea
9.The scientist made achievements in the field of medicine.
●A.tower
·B.towering
●C.towered
●D.towers
10.The machine_because of overuse yesterday.
●A.broke down
●B.broke up
。C.broke off
●D.broke out
2.二、根据提示补全句子
1.The new policy has a_ham)effect on small businesses.(提示:ham的形容词形式)
2.The一(survive)of the探险队(expedition team)surprised everyone.(提示:survive的名词形式)
高中·译林版·必修第三册
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3.The company plans to expand its business to一(egion)markets..(提示:region的形容词形式)
4._(vary)factors contribute to climate change.(提示:variety的形容词形式)
5.The_(mass)stone statue attracts thousands of visitors.(提示:mass的形容词形式)
6.We should protect(biodiverse)to maintain ecological balance.(提示:biodiversity的名词形式)
3.三、首字母填空
1.Microorganisms play an important role in breaking down organic matter in the e.(提示:生态系
统)
2.The Internet allows people to communicate with o._friends easily.(提示:海外的)
3.The tower i__over the city skyline.(提示:高耸;动词形式)
4.A balanced diet provides v_nutrients for the body..(提示:各种各样的)
5.The government took measures to r_the risk of environmental damage.(提示:减少;与ham相
关的反向动作)
4.参考答案
·一、单项选择
1B2.A3.C4.A5.C6.B7.A8B9.B10.A
·二、根据提示补全句子
1.harmful 2.survival 3.regional 4.Various 5.massive 6.biodiversity
·三、首字母填空
1.ecosystem 2.overseas 3.towers 4.various 5.reduce