Unit 4 Natural disasters 一-2025-2026学年高中英语重点词汇精讲必修第一册（人教版）

高中必修一人教 寒假专版 C版词汇核心考点精讲 【寒假专版】 高中·人教·必修一Unit4 Natural disasters 单元词汇总览 tornado/to:'nerda/n.龙卷风：旋援 damage/'daemid3/n.&vt.损害： 风 helicopter/'helikppta(r)/n.直升损失 drought/raot/n.旱灾：干旱 机 destroy/d'stro/t.摧毁：毁灭 landslide/laendslaId/n.(山地或death/de0/n.死；死亡 evacuate/'vakjoert/vt.疏散；撤 悬崖的)崩塌：滑坡 affect/A'fekt/t.影响：（疾病）侵出；vi.撤离 flood /flad/n.洪水：大量：vi.淹袭；深深打动 heal /hi:l/vi.&t.治愈；（使）康 没：大量涌入：t.使灌满水；淹shelter/'Telta)/n.避难处；居所；复；解决（问题）：消除（分歧） 没 庇护；t.保护；掩蔽：vi.躲避quake /kweik/n.震动；地震 rescue/'reskju:/n.&t.营救：救（风雨或危险） rubble/'rab()l/n.碎石：瓦砾 词汇核心考点精讲 1.tornado/to:'neidau/n.龙卷风；旋风 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n) 1个核心义：龙卷风：旋风 ·必记搭配与例句：●tornado warning(龙卷风预警)：The weather service issued a tornado warning, ●hit by a tornado(遭受龙卷风袭击)：The small town was hit by a tornado ·重点派生词：·tornadoes/tornados(名词复数)：Several tornadoes touched down in the area, 2.drought/drat/n.旱灾；干旱 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n) 1个核心义：旱灾；干旱 ·必记搭配与例句：●suffer from drought(遭受旱灾)：The region has suffered from drought for years. ●drought relief(抗旱救灾)：The government provided drought relief supplies. ·重点派生词：●drought-.stricken(形容词)：drought--stricken areas(千旱地区) 3.landslide/laendslard/n.(山地或悬崖的)崩塌：滑坡 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n) 2个核心义：（山地或悬崖的）崩塌：滑坡：（选举等的）压倒性胜利 高中必修一人教 寒假专版 ·必记搭配与例句：●cause a landslide(引发滑坡)：Heavy rain caused a landslide. ·win by a landslide(以压倒性优势获胜)：He won the election by a landslide, 4.affect/A'fekt/t.影响；（疾病）侵袭；深深打动 ·核心考点：词性：动词(t) 3个核心义：影响：（疾病）侵袭：深深打动 ·必记搭配与例句：●affect sth.(影响某物)：The climate change affects agriculture.. ●be affected by(被…侵袭)：She was affected by the flu ●affect sb.deeply(深深打动某人)：The movie affected me deeply. ·重点派生词：●affection(名词)：show affection(表达喜爱) ●affective(形容词)：affective factors(情感因素) 5.shelter'felta()/n.避难处：居所：庇护；t.保护：掩蔽：vi.躲避（风雨或危险） ·核心考点：词性：名词(n.):动词(t./i.) 3个核心义：避难处：居所：庇护（名词）：保护：掩蔽：躲避（风雨或危险）（动词） ·必记搭配与例句：●take shelter(躲避)：They took shelter from the rain. ·shelter sb.from sth.(保护某人免受某物伤害)：The umbrella shelters us from the sun. ●shelter in(在…躲避)：We sheltered in a cave.. ·重点派生词：●sheltered(形容词)：a sheltered life(养尊处优的生活) 6.damage/'daemid3/n.&vt.损害；损失 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n):动词(t) 2个核心义：损害：损失（名词/动词） ·必记搭配与例句：·do damage to(对…造成损害)：The storm did great damage to the house. ●suffer damage(遭受损失)：The car suffered serious damage. ·重点派生词：·damaged(形容词)：damaged goods(受损货物) 7.destroy/d'stro/t.摧毁：毁灭 ·核心考点：词性：动词(t) 1个核心义：摧毁；毁灭 ·必记搭配与例句：·destroy sth.completely(彻底摧毁某物)：The fire destroyed the building completely. ●be destroyed by(a被…摧毁)：The village was destroyed by the earthquake ·重点派生词：●destruction(名词)：the destruction of the city(城市的毁灭) ·destructive(形容词)：destructive forces(破坏力) 8.evacuate'vakjoert/t.疏散；撤出：vi.撤离 高中必修一人教 寒假专版 ·核心考点：词性：动词(t.wi.) 1个核心义：疏散；撤出：撤离 ·必记搭配与例句：●evacuate sb.from(从…疏散某人)：They evacuated the residents from the flood area. ●evacuate to(撤离到…)：The family evacuated to a safe place. ·重点派生词：●evacuation(名词)：emergency evacuation(紧急疏散) 9.heal /hi:I/vi.&t.治愈：（使）康复：解决（问题）：消除（分歧） ·核心考点：词性：动词（ⅵit.) 3个核心义：治愈：（使）康复：解决（问题）：消除（分歧） ·必记搭配与例句：·heal a wound（治愈伤口)：The medicine helped heal the wound. ●heal from(从…康复)：She is healing from the illness. ●heal a conflict(解决冲突)：They tried to heal the conflict between the two groups. ·重点派生词：·healing(名词/形容词)：healing process(愈合过程)；healing power(治愈能力) 10.rubble/rab(a)/n.碎石；瓦砾 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n) 1个核心义：碎石：瓦砾 ·必记搭配与例句：·in the rubble(在瓦砾中)：They found survivors in the rubble. ·clear the rubble(清理瓦砾)：Workers are clearing the rubble after the earthquake. 11.rescue/'reskju./n.&t.营救：救援 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n):动词(t) 1个核心义：营救：救援 ·必记搭配与例句：●rescue sb.from(从…营救某人)：Firefighters rescued the child from the burning building. ·come to the rescue(前来救援)：The police came to the rescue in time, ·重点派生词：●rescuer（名词)：a brave rescuer(勇敢的救援者) 12.quake /kweik/n.震动：地震 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n.):动词(vi) 2个核心义：震动：地震（名词）：颤抖（动词） ·必记搭配与例句：·an earthquake（地震)：A strong earthquake hit the area ●quake with fear(因恐惧而颤抖)：Her voice quaked with fear 13.flood /flad/n.洪水；大量；vi.淹没：大量涌入；t.使灌满水：淹没 高中必修一人教 寒假专版 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n.):动词(vi/t.) 3个核心义：洪水；大量（名词）：淹没：大量涌入（动词） ·必记搭配与例句：·flood in(大量涌入)：Letters flooded in after the appeal. ●flood the market(充斥市场)：Cheap goods flooded the market. ●suffer from floods(遭受洪灾)：The area often suffers from floods. 重点派生词：●flooding(名词)：severe flooding(严重洪灾) 词汇核心考点综合训练 1.一、单项选择 1.The small town was_by a tornado last night,causing many houses to collapse. ·A.hit ·B.affected ·C.destroyed ●D.rescued 2.After the earthquake,people had to take-in temporary shelters 。A.damage ·B.shelter 。C.ubble ●D.affection 3.The heavy rain has_a landslide in the mountain area,blocking the main road. ·A.caused ●B.won ·C.cleared ●D.evacuated 4.Climate changeagriculture greatly,leading to reduced crop yields. 高中必修一人教 寒假专版 ·A.destroys ·B.heals ●C.affects ·D.shelters 5.The government providedsupplies to help the drought-stricken areas. 。A.flood ●B.damage ●C.rescue 。D.drought relief 6.Workers are trying to_the rubble to find survivors after the earthquake. ·A.clear ·B.destroy ·C.shelter ·D.affect 7.The fire the building completely,leaving nothing but ashes. ●A.damaged ·B.destroyed ·C.healed 。D.rescued 8.People were from the flood area before the water level rose. ●A.evacuated ●B.sheltered ●C.quaked 高中必修一人教 寒假专版 ·D.flooded 9.The doctor said her wound would_in about two weeks with proper treatment. 。A.damage ·B.destroy 。C.heal ●D.rescue 10.The storm did great to the coastal villages,with many boats broken. 。A.destruction ●B.damage ●C.affection 。D.flooding 2.二、根据提示补全句子 1.The number of(tornado)touching down in the area has increased this year. 2.The villagers built a(shelter)center for those affected by the flood. 3.The_(destroy)caused by the earthquake was beyond imagination. 4.After the accident,the car suffered serious_(damage)to its engine. 5.The rescuers showed great_(affect)for the survivors trapped in the rubble. 6.The(heal)process of the wound requires patience and care. 7.The(evacuate)of residents from the danger zone was completed in three hours. 3.三、首字母填空 1.The weather service issued atwarning,asking people to stay indoors. 2.The region has suffered from d for five consecutive years,with rivers drying up. 3.The little girl quaked with f when she heard the loud thunder. 4.The volunteers worked hard to pdrought relief supplies to the villagers. 5.After the flood,many houses were left in r,and people needed new shelters. 4.参考答案 高中必修一人教 寒假专版 ·一、单项选择 1.A2.B3.A4.C5.D6.A7B8.A9.C10.B ·二、根据提示补全句子 1.tornadoes 2.shelter 3.destruction 4.damage 5.affection 6.healing 7.evacuation ·三、首字母填空 1.tornado 2.drought 3.fear 4.provide 5.rubble