常见的熟词生义-【衡中学案】2026年高考英语二轮总复习考前逆袭抢分宝典

☐negotiate v.&vi.协商 口prohibit v.禁止 ☐reprogram vt.&i.重新编程 口shrink vi.缩小；收缩 ☐substitute.代替 ☐ltease u.&vi.取笑 ☐withdraw v.撤离 Group3形容词和副词 ☐abruptly ad.突然地 ☐accidentally ad.偶然地 ☐ambiguous adj.模棱两可的；含糊不清的 ☐artificial ad.人造的 ☐aspirational ad.渴望成功的；有抱负的 口available ad.可获得的；可找到的；可购得的；有 □awesome ad.令人惊叹的 ☐blessed adi.神圣的 ☐breathtaking ad山.激动人心的 □confused ad山.困惑的 ☐consequently adr.因此 ☐cooperative ad.合作的 ☐delicate ad.精美的；易碎的 ☐desperately ad.非常，极其 ☐emotionally ad.情绪上；感情上 ☐eventually ad.最终；最后 □eye-catching adj.引人注目的 ☐frankly ad.坦率地 ☐head-spinning ad.头晕的 ☐heartbreaking ad.令人心碎的，令人伤心的 ☐historically ad.在历史上 ☐incurable adj.不能治愈的 ☐infrequent ad.很少发生的 ☐initially ad.最初 ☐moral ad山.道德的；道义上的 □motivational ad.鼓舞人心的 ☐neighboring ad山.附近的 ☐originally adu.起初 □packed adj.挤满的 ☐preferably ad.更可取地；更好地 口punctual ad山.守时的 □reflective ad.反射的 □skeptical ad.怀疑的 ☐talkative adj.健谈的 □temporarily ad.暂时地 ☐horough adj.彻底的 ☐hrilled ad山.兴奋的 口unimaginable ad.难以置信的 ☐unnatural ad.不自然的 ☐vague ad.模糊的 ☐worthless adj.无价值的；没用的 355 Group4短语 ☐back off后退 ☐back up支持；支援 ☐beat out锤平；搞清 ☐bend down弯腰 ☐draw up拟订；起草 ☐drop out退出 ☐fade away逐渐消失 ☐hand over移交 ☐hang out闲逛 口jog around围绕…慢跑 口jump at迫不及待地接受 □mean business当真，认真，说话算话 空的 ☐pray for为…祈祷 口pull over靠边停车 □ring true给人以真实的印象；听起来真实 口oll over翻身 ☐scare..of把…吓走 ☐see..of为…送行 ☐step aside让位 口step forward主动站出来 常见的熟词生义 1.address熟词：n.地址，住址，网址；电子邮箱地址；演 说；演讲 生义：u.称呼；发表演说；提出；写地址；处理 DMr Howard gave an address on economic strategies in Asia 霍华德先生发表了关于亚洲经济战略的演讲。 2Most people call me Bob.How do I address you? 大家叫我鲍勃，我怎么称呼你？ 3Please address all enquiries to this office. 切查询请向本办事处提出。 4There is a letter addressed to you. 有封写给你的信。 5 The next meeting will address the problem of truancy. 下次会议将着手解决学生的逃课问题。 6He addressed me in low tones 他低声与我交谈。 2.admit熟词：vt.承认 生义：t.准许进入，接[容]纳；容许 DThis ticket admits two people to the football match. 这张票可供两人入场观看足球赛。 2 He was delighted to be admitted to Peking University. 他很高兴被北京大学录取。 3The cinema admits about 2,000 people. 这座电影院大约可容纳2,000人。 356 4The rules and regulations admit of no other explanation. 这些规章制度不容许有其他解释， 3.against..熟词：prep.反对；逆着；倚靠着 生义：prep.衬托，以…为背景；以防；和…相比 D The white building looks beautiful against the blue sky. 在蓝天衬托下，这栋白楼很漂亮。 2 The love story unfolds against a background of civil war. 这爱情故事以内战为背景展开。 3We are all taking medicine against the flu. 我们都在服药预防流感。 4You must weigh the benefits against the cost 你一定要权衡利益与成本二者的得失。 4.air熟词：n.空气，天空 生义：.发表（意见等）；使通风，使通气 DAt the meeting,everyone had a chance to air their views. 会上，每个人都有机会发表意见。 2She aired the room by opening the window. 她打开窗子使房间通风。 5.alow熟词：t.允许，准许 生义：i.容许(of);考虑到，顾及(for)t.预留，预计 ①They allowed him￡1,000 for expenses. 他们给他1,000英镑的开销。 (2The situations allow of no excuse. 形势不容许拖延。 3You have to allow for a certain amount of error. 你必须考虑到一定数量的错误。 4We should allow 15 minutes for delay. 我们应该预留15分钟以防耽搁。 6.attend熟词：vt.出席，参加 生义：i.伺候，照应；处理，料理（与to连用） DA nurse attended to his needs constantly. 有一位护士经常照料他的需要。 2You should know how to attend to the problem. 你应该知道如何处理这个问题。 7.build熟词：t.建造，建筑 生义：n体格；体型 DWe're of the same build 我们体型相同。 2He is a man of strong build. 他是个体格健壮的人。 8.charge熟词：n.费用u.收费，索价；指控 生义：t.猛冲，攻击；充电；装（满） DSuddenly the wild animal charged at us. 突然那头野兽朝我们冲过来。 2I have to charge my mobile phone every day. 我每天得给手机充电。 3He immediately charged a gun with powder. 他立即往枪里装火药。 9.coin熟词：n.硬币 生义：.造币，铸币，杜撰（新单词或短语） DThe government has decided to coin more one-yuan pieces. 政府决定再铸造一些一元的硬币。 2Do not coin terms that are intelligible to nobody. 不要生造谁也不懂的词语。 10.collect熟词：vt.收集 生义：t.收（租，税，账等）；募（捐）；领取（信件等）； 使镇静，集中（思想等）；领取，接走 D His work is to collect the electricity fee every month. 他的工作是每月收取电费。 2Today it is his turn to collect the children from school. 今天该轮到他把孩子们从学校接回去。 3 Before you begin to make a speech,you should collect your thoughts and ideas 在你开始讲话之前，你应当集中你的思想和意念。 1l.count熟词：t.数数，计算 生义：.依靠，依赖(o);认为，看作；有价值，重要 DYou can count on my help. 你可以依赖我的帮助。 2We count it an honor to help those in need. 我们把帮助那些需要帮助的人看作是荣耀的事。 ③Every second counts. 每一秒钟都很重要。 12.cover熟词：t.覆盖n.封面，被子 生义：t.占地面积；走完（一段路程）；报道，够付（费 用) DThe town covers 5 square miles 小镇占地5平方英里。 2I want to cover 100 miles before it gets dark. 我想在天黑之前走完100英里。 3He was sent to cover a fire for a newspaper. 他被派去为一家报社采访失火的新闻。 4These expenses are covered by the state. 这些费用都由国家负担 13.drive熟词：vt.开车 生义：t.吹，卷；驱赶n.车程；活动；强烈愿望 DIt's a 2-hour drive from Birmingham. 从伯明翰开车要两个小时。 2He still has plenty of drive and ambition. 他仍然充满干劲、雄心勃勃。 3The noise outside almost drove him mad. 外面的噪音几乎使他发疯。 4Food drive helps hungry people. “食物募捐活动”帮助饥饿的人。 l4.employ熟问：vt.雇用 生义：t.使用，采用 DWhy didn't you employ the new method? 你们为什么不采用那个新方法呢？ 2She employs her time wisely. 她善于利用时间。 15.equal熟词：ad山.平等的，相等的.等于 生义：ad山.胜任的t.比得上 DJohn is quite equal to the job of running the office. 约翰完全能够胜任管理这个办事处的工作。 2None of us can equal her. 没人比得上她。 l6.exercise熟词：vt.练习n.锻炼 生义：t.运用（权力），发挥 DShe is good at exercising her intelligence to solve the problems. 她善于运用智慧解决问题。 2It exercised a strong influence towards goodwill between the two great English-speaking peoples. 这件事对两个讲英语的伟大民族之间的友好亲善发 挥了巨大作用。 17.figure熟词：n.数字；人像；画像；图；图表 生义：.人物v.领会，懂得；推测，判断，估计 DThey are all the great figures in history. 他们都是历史上的伟大人物。 2We must figure out how to solve the problem 我们必须想出解决这个问题的办法。 3I figure he'll be back soon. 我估计他很快会回来。 18.gf熟词：n.礼物 生义：n.天赋t.白送 DHe has a gift for music. 他有音乐天赋。 2They gifted their opponents a goal. 他们白送给对方一分。 19.hit熟词：t.打 生义：t.袭击；使受严重影响；使想起；达到 n.轰动 DLast week a violent typhoon hit the coastal areas. 上周一场猛烈的台风袭击了沿海地区。 2The plan to charge motorists E 75 a year to use the motorway is going to hit me hard. 每年向开车跑高速的人征收75英镑的方案将对我 造成严重的影响。 ③Then the answer hit me 然后我突然就想到了答案。 40il prices hit record levels yesterday. 昨天石油价格达到了新高。 5The story hit the front pages of newspapers across America. 这则报道在美国成了头条新闻。 357 0.hold熟词：t.拿着，握着；召开，举行 生义：t.使身体保持某种姿势；抑制，控制；容纳：拥 有，持有（金钱、土地、职位等）；保持，继续；认为 ①Hold yourself still. 身体不要动。 2 They all held their breath to expect the final results. 他们都屏住气等待最后的结果。 3 The room can hold twenty people. 这屋子可容下20个人。 4She held an important position at the bank. 她在这家银行里担任一个重要的职务。 5My husband and I hold conflicting opinions on this matter. 对于这件事，我和丈夫持相反的观点。 6Do you think the good weather can hold? 你认为好天气能持续下去吗？ 7We hold that no country should interfere in the internal affairs of other countries. 我们认为一国不应干涉他国的内政。 21.land熟词：n.陆地，土地.（使）登陆 生义：t.捕（鱼），抓住或钓上（鱼）；获得，取得 DFinally the fisherman landed a big catfish. 最后渔夫钓上一条大鲶鱼。 2Two weeks later,he landed a well-paid job. 两周后，他找到一份收入很高的工作。 3He was glad to land a contract with a Japanese firm. 他很高兴揽到一份与一家日本公司的合同。 2.last熟词：ad山最后的 生义：t.持续，延续；使得以维持ad山最不可能的 DThe festival lasted two days. 节日持续了两天。 2 The food will last us another week. 食品够我们再吃一星期。 3 He is the last man for the job. 对这项工作来说他是最不合适的人选。 23.lead熟词：t.领导n.铅 生义：t.通向(to);导致(to);(在比赛中)领先；过 (生活)n.榜样，带头作用 DThe path leads to the village. 这条小路通到那村庄。 2The evidence they got led to the thief being caught. 他们搜集到的证据使窃贼被抓。 3After the first half of the race I was leading. 跑了一半赛程后我领先了。 ④He led a happy life. 他的日子过得很幸福。 5We should take the lead in everything. 我们应该处处领先。 358 24.leave熟词：t.离开；留下；忘了带，丢下 生义：.使…处于某种状态；听任n.假期（不可 数) DI always leave the raincoat hanging behind the door. 我总是让雨衣挂在门后。 2He intended to leave others in the dark,but the secret was out. 他打算不让别人知道，但是秘密泄露了。 ③Leave it as it is. 让它保持原样。 4He asked for two days'leave. 他请了两天假。 25.major熟词：ad大的，主要的 生义：n.大学主修科目t.主修，专攻(in) DHe didn't like his major,so he changed it one year later. 他不喜欢自己的专业，所以一年后换了专业。 2He majored in physics at college. 大学时他主修物理。 26.monitor熟词：n.班长 生义：n.监听器，监控器t.监控；检查 DThe patient was connected to the monitor. 病人身上连着监护器。 2 Officials had not been allowed to monitor the voting. 官员们没有获得允许监督投票。 27.owe熟词：l.欠，欠债 生义：t.感恩，感激；（常与to连用）归功于 DI owe you for your help. 我感谢你的帮助。 2The young writer owed his success to his teacher's encouragement. 年轻作家把自己的成功归功于他老师的鼓励。 28.passage熟词：n.章节，段落 生义：.通行，通过；（狭窄的）通道，走廊；（时间的） 流逝：船费 DThe wooden bridge is not strong enough to allow the passage of lorries. 这座木桥不够坚固，载重货车不能通行。 2He didn't enter the room.Instead,he waited in the passage,smoking. 他没有进入房间，而是在走廊等候，抽着烟。 3Her confidence grew with the passage of time. 她的信心与日俱增。 4He couldn't afford the fare,and so he had to earn his passage by doing jobs on the ship. 他交不起船费，只得靠在船上做些零活来挣取路费。 9.perform熟词：vt.表演 生义：t.履行，执行，完成；表现 DAbout 200 heart operations a year are performed at the hospital. 这家医院每年进行大约200台心脏手术。 2We are looking for people who have performed out standing acts of bravery. 我们在寻找那些有过杰出英勇事迹的人。 3A complex engine has many separate components, each performing a different function. 一台复杂的发动机由很多独立的部件组成，每个部 件都发挥着不同的作用。 4 The tables give a picture of how schools are performing. 这些表格显示出各个学校的表现情况。 5How well does this car perform in snow and ice? 这辆汽车在冰雪天气驾驶性能如何？ 6Although she had never been interviewed on TV before,she performed well. 虽然以前没有接受过电视访问，她表现得非常出色。 0.picture熟词：n.画，图画；照片 生义：t.想象；（生动地）描绘、描述 DShe pictured herself at school in a foreign country. 她想象自己在国外上学。 2It is hard to picture life 200 years ago. 很难想象200年前人们的生活。 3In his work,he pictured their suffering during the war. 在他的作品中，他生动描述了战争中的苦难。 1.promise熟词：t.允诺，答应n.保证，承诺 生义：t.预示，预兆n.迹象，征兆 DEarly mist promises fair weather 晨雾预示好天气。 2He seems to be a young player of great promise. 他似乎是一个很有前途的年轻球员。 3 The letter gave a promise of greater happiness. 那封信预示了更大的幸福。 2.raise熟词：t.提高，提升 生义：t.(钱等的)筹募，筹集；提出；饲养，种植，养 育；引起 DThey are going to raise money for a primary school in a remote poor area. 他们打算为贫困边远地区的一所小学募集资金。 2Finally we answered the question that was raised at the meeting. 最后我们回答了会上提出的问题。 3After discussing,they decided to raise corn and soybeans. 讨论之后，他们决定种植玉米和大豆。 4Raising children is not an easy task,especially in big cities. 抚养孩子不是一件容易的事，尤其是在大城市。 5His remarks raised a laugh. 他的评论引起一阵大笑。 33.reach熟词：t.到达 生义：t.伸出（手）；联系；达成（结论、协议）；（大或 长等)足够达到n.河段；（手/能力可及的）距离、 范围 DHe reached into his pocket and pulled out a Chinese knot. 他把手伸进口袋，拿出一个中国结。 2I've been trying all day to reach him on the telephone. 我整天都在打电话找他。 3)The book in the shelf was out of reach. 我够不着书架上的书。 4No agreement hasn't been reached,so we have to hold another meetings. 没有达成任何协议，所以我们还要再开会。 5The garden reaches down to the lake. 花园一直延伸到湖边。 6 They are ready to go to the upper reaches of a river. 他们准备去河流的上游。 34.read熟词：t.读，朗读，阅读 生义：t.看懂，理解；显示，上面写道 DIt's hard to read the expression on his face. 难以理解他脸上的表情。 2I can't read your short-hand notes. 我看不懂你的速记符号。 3The thermometer reads 80 degrees Fahrenheit. 温度计显示华氏80度。 ④I found the note,reading,“Happy Birthday！” 我找到了那张便条，上面写道，“生日快乐！” 35.regard熟词：t.把…看作 生义：t.认为，看作；注视n.[pl.]问候，致意 DPlease give my regards to your mother. 请代我向你妈妈表达问候。 2She stood back and regarded him coldly. 她退后站着，冷冷地看着他。 36.respect熟词：u.&n.尊敬；尊重 生义：n.敬意，问候；方面 DPlease give my respect to your friends. 请代我向你的朋友表示敬意。 2I think you are wrong in every respect. 我觉得你各方面都错了。 37.save熟词：t.挽救；节省 生义：t.免除，避免；保存，保留；收集 DThe article he sent to me saved me much trouble. 他发给我的这篇文章免去了我很多麻烦。 ●359 2Save your breath.It's no use arguing with him. 别白费劲儿了。与他争论没有用。 3I've been saving theatre programmes for years 我收藏剧院的节目单已有多年了。 38.sense熟词：n.感觉，官能；意识 生义：n.意义t.感觉到，觉察到，意识到 DYou are right in a sense,but you do not know all the facts. 在某种意义上你是对的，但是你并不知道实情。 2What he said doesn't make sense,so I can't make sense of his remarks. 他说的话没有道理，所以我不明白他的话。 3He sensed that his proposals were unwelcome. 他觉得他的建议不受欢迎。 4There is a lot of sense in what he says. 他的话颇有道理。 5 After finishing the task,we had a sense of achievement/accomplishment. 完成这项工作后，我们有一种成就感。 39.spring熟词：n.春天 生义：n.泉水，喷泉；弹簧.跳跃，跳起 DEveryone sprang to their feet when the principal walked in. 校长进来时，所有的人都立刻站了起来。 2Natural mountain spring water is best for tea. 泡茶用的水，以天然的山泉水为上。 40.stand熟词：.站立；坐落；忍受 生义：t.承受；请客；使直立n.立场，主张；架， 台，摊 DShe was kind enough to stand us a meal. 她真好，请我们吃了饭。 2 The building stands over 200 feet high. 这栋楼200英尺高。 3They took a firm stand on protecting the river nearby. 对保护附近的河流他们采取坚定立场。 4When I caught sight of Jim,he was standing by a fruit stand. 我看到Jim时，他正站在水果摊旁边。 5He kicked the ball into the stands. 他把球踢到了看台上。 41.state熟词：vt.陈述n.状态 生义：t.声明；规定；公布n.国家，州 DPlease state your name,age and occupation on the form. 请在表上填写你的姓名、年龄和职业。 2These tickets can only be used on the stated date. 这些票只能在指定日期使用。 360 3Everything was in a state of disorder. 一切都处于紊乱状态。 4In China,the railways are owned by the state. 在中国，铁路是国有的。 42.strike熟词：t.打，打击；打动n.罢工 生义：t.突然想到；（疾病、地震、洪水等）侵袭，袭 击；（钟）敲响，报（时）；擦，划（火柴） DAn idea suddenly struck me 我心中忽然产生了一个念头。 2The earthquake struck the city at night. 地震在夜间袭击了这个城市。 3The clock struck nine. 钟敲了九下。 4Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁。 5The matches were damp and he couldn't make them strike. 火柴受潮了，他划不着。 43.succeed熟词：.成功 生义：.继…之后，接替，继承 DDavid Rowland is almost certain to succeed him as chairman. 戴维·罗兰接替他任主席几乎已成定局。 2The dry weather was succeeded by a month of rain. 干旱天气之后下了一个月雨。 44.tem熟词：n.学期 生义：n.期间，期限；专业名词，术语；[pl.]合同条 款、细则.称为，把…叫作 DHe was made captain of the football team for a term of one year. 他被推选为足球队队长，任期一年。 2When you write an article to students,don't use too many technical terms. 你写文章给学生阅读时，不要用太多的专业术语。 3If you agree to my terms-free meals and good wages-I will work for you. 如果你同意我的条件，免费用餐并给予高薪，我就为 你工作。 4His life may be termed happy. 他的生活可称之为幸福。 45.eat熟词：vt.对待；看待 生义：t.治疗，处置；使用；宴请，招待，款待n.款待 DHe has used this method for several years to treat obesity. 他使用这种疗法治疗肥胖已有多年。 2Glass must be treated carefully. 玻璃必须小心使用。 3I'll treat myself to a sunbath. 我要好好地享受一次日光浴。 4Put your money away.This meal is my treat. 你把钱收起来，这次由我请客。 46.voice熟词：n.声音，嗓音 生义：n.发言权.表达，吐露 DEveryone should have a voice in this matter. 每个人对这件事都应该有发言权。 2He voiced the feelings of the crowd. 他表达出了群众的情绪。 3Our group rejected the proposal with one voice. 我们小组一致反对提议。 47.weather熟词：n.天气 生义：t.度过（暴风雨、困难等）；经受住 DThey are strong enough to weather the storm. 它们足够结实可以抵挡住暴风雨的袭击。 2We have weathered another war. 我们又经受住了一场战争。 48.wegh熟词：.称…重量，重达 生义：.考虑，斟酌，衡量；有分量；压下 1You should weigh the matter seriously. 你应该认真考虑这件事。 2After weighing the advantages and disadvantages, they decided to give up the plan. 权衡利弊之后，他们决定放弃这个计划。 3 The fruit weighed the branches down. 果子压得树枝下垂。 4His words weighed heavily with me. 他的话对我很有分量。 49.when熟词：con.当…时候 生义：con.虽然，尽管；在…情况下；这时（突然） D She stopped short when she ought to have continued. 尽管她应该继续下去，她却突然停住了。 2Why use wood when you can use plastic? 在可以用塑料的情况下，为什么还要用木料？ 3 He was walking along the street when he caught sight of one of his friends. 他正沿着街道行走，这时突然看到了一个朋友。 50.wok熟词：n.&i.工作 生义：n.著作，作品i.(方法、药物等)起作用， 奏效 1This is Rembrandt's greatest work. 这是伦勃朗最伟大的作品。 2The machine doesn't work. 机器不运行了。 3The solution he suggested failed to work. 他提出的解决办法没有奏效。