Unit 4 The senses三-2025-2026学年高中英语重点词汇精讲选择性必修第一册（沪教版）

高中沪教版 词汇专版 沪教版词汇核心考点精讲 【词汇专版】 高中·沪教版·选择性必修第一册Unit4 The senses 单元词汇总览 challenge/'tSaelmd3yn.挑战：艰bother./'bDi3()/v.使（某人）烦thunderstorm/'OAndasto:m/n.雷 巨任务 恼（或担忧） 雨；雷暴 investigate/m'vestigert/v.调查：flow /flac/n.连贯：流畅 whisper/'wISpa()/V.耳语；低语： 侦查 quantity/'kwpntati/n.数量 悄声说 preference/'prefrans/n.偏爱；喜*spicy/'sparsi/adj.用香料调味 stare/stea()/v.盯着看；凝视 爱 的 creature/'kri:ta)/n.生物；动 principle/'prinsapl/n.法则：原*tent /tent/n.帐篷 物 则 lamp1enp/n.灯 merciless/'m3:sls/ad.残忍的 complaint/kn'pleint/n.抱怨 hike /haik/v.去…远足；徒步switch/swtv.关/开（电灯、机 false /f:Is/adj.错误的；不正确旅行；n.远足；徒步旅行 器等)：n.开关 的：不真实的：假的：伪造的 incident/'nsidant/n.发生的事情 disturb/d'st3b/v.打扰：干扰 (尤指不寻常的) 词汇核心考点精讲 1.challenge/'tfaelind3/n.挑战：艰巨任务 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n)动词(v.) 3个核心义：挑战(n.)、艰巨任务(n.、质疑(v) ·必记搭配与例句：●face a challenge（面临挑战)：We face many challenges in life, ·challenge sb.to sth.(向某人挑战做某事)：He challenged me to a race ●accept a challenge(接受挑战)：She accepted the challenge bravely. ·重点派生词：·challenging(形容词)：a challenging task(一项具有挑战性的任务) ·challenger(名词)：the challenger for the title(冠军挑战者) 2.investigate./m'vestigeit/v.调查；侦查 ·核心考点：词性：动词(V) 2个核心义：调查（情况、事件）、侦查（案件） ·必记搭配与例句：·investigate into(调查)：The police are investigating into the incident.. ●investigate sth.(调查某事)：We need to investigate the problem ·重点派生词：●investigation(名词)：carry out an investigation(进行调查) 高中沪教版 词汇专版 ●investigator(名词)：a private investigator(私人侦探) 3.preference/'prefrans/n.偏爱：喜爱 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n.) 2个核心义：偏爱(for)、喜爱(to) ·必记搭配与例句：●preference for sth.(对某物的偏爱)：She has a preference for classical music. ●have a preference over(比…更受偏爱)：Tea has a preference over coffee in some countries. ·重点派生词：●prefer(动词)：prefer to do sth.(更喜欢做某事) ●preferable(形容词)：This option is preferable. 4.principle/'prinsapl/n.法则：原则 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n) 2个核心义：法则（自然、科学）、原则（行为、道德） ·必记搭配与例句：·in principle(原则上)：In principle,.I agree with you. ●a matter of principle(原则间题)：It's a matter of principle for him. ·重点派生词：●principled(形容词)：a principled person(有原则的人) 5.complaint /kam'plemnt/n.抱怨 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n) 2个核心义：抱怨(about)、投诉(to) ·必记搭配与例句：●make a complaint(提出抱怨/投诉)：He made a complaint to the manager. ●complaint about sth.(对某事的抱怨)：There are many complaints about the service. ·重点派生词：●complain(动词)：complain about sth.(抱怨某事) ●complaining(形容词)：a complaining tone(抱怨的语气) 6.false /fo:Is/adj.错误的；不正确的：不真实的：假的：伪造的 ·核心考点：词性：形容词(adj) 3个核心义：错误的（观点、信息）、不真实的（陈述、借口）、假的（物品、文件） ·必记搭配与例句：●false information（虚假信息)：Don't spread false information. ●false hope(虚假的希望)：He gave her false hope,. ·false teeth(假牙)：He wears false teeth, ·重点派生词：●falsely(副词)：accuse falsely(诬告) ●falsehood(名词)：tell a falsehood(说谎) 7.disturb/d'st3b/v.打扰；干扰 ·核心考点：词性：动词(v) 2个核心义：打扰（他人）、干扰（进程、秩序） 高中沪教版 词汇专版 ·必记搭配与例句：●disturb sb.(打扰某人)：Please don't disturb me while I'm working. ·disturb the peace(扰乱治安)：The noise disturbed the peace of the neighborhood. ·重点派生词：。disturbance(名词)：a disturbance in the crowd(人群中的骚动) ●disturbing(形容词)：disturbing news(令人不安的消息) 8.bother/bDia)/v.使（某人）烦恼（或担忧） ·核心考点：词性：动词(v.)/名词(n) 3个核心义：使烦恼(v.)、费心(v.,用于否定句/疑问句)、麻烦(n.) ·必记搭配与例句：●bother sb.with sth.(因某事打扰某人)：Don't bother me with trivial things. ●bother to do sth.(费心做某事)：He didn't bother to reply. ●what a bother(真麻烦)：What a bother to carry all these books! ·重点派生词：·bothersome(形容词)：a bothersome problem(令人烦恼的问题) 9.f1 ow /fla/n.连贯；流畅 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n)动词(v.) 3个核心义：连贯(n.,指说话、文章)、流畅(n.)、流动(v.) ·必记搭配与例句：●the flow of conversation(谈话的流畅)：The flow of conversation was natural, ●flow into(流入)：Rivers flow into the sea. ●flow with(充满)：Her speech flows with confidence. ·重点派生词：·fluent(形容词)：fluent English(流利的英语) ·fluency(名词)：achieve fluency in Chinese(达到中文流利程度) 10.quantity/'kwpntati/n.数量 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n) 2个核心义：数量（尤指可测量的）、大量(pl) ·必记搭配与例句：·a large quantity of(大量的，后接可数/不可数名词)：A large quantity of books was donated. ·quantities of(大量的，后接可数/不可数名词，谓语用复数)：Quantities of food were needed. ·重点派生词：●quantitative(形容词)：quantitative analysis(定量分析) ·quantity(与quality辨析)：quantity指数量，quality指质量 11.incident/'Insidant//n.发生的事情（尤指不寻常的） ·核心考点：词性：名词(n) 2个核心义：发生的事情（尤指不寻常的）、事件（较轻微） ·必记搭配与例句：·an isolated incident(孤立事件)：It was just an isolated incident. ●the incident of(…事件)：the incident of the fire(火灾事件) 高中沪教版 词汇专版 ·重点辨析：·incident(小事件)/event(重要事件)/accident(意外事故)：The incident turned into a major event 12.merciless/'m3sls/ad.残忍的 ·核心考点：词性：形容词(adj) 1个核心义：残忍的（无同情心的） ·必记搭配与例句：·merciless enemy(残忍的敌人)：He faced a merciless enemy. ●be merciless to(对…残忍)：The king was merciless to his enemies. ·重点派生词：●nercy(名词)：show mercy to(对…表示怜悯) ●mercifully(副词)：mercifully,.no one was hurt(幸好无人受伤) 13.switch/swtv.关/开（电灯、机器等）：n.开关 ·核心考点：词性：动词(v.)/名词(n) 3个核心义：关/开(v.)、转换(v.)、开关(n.) ·必记搭配与例句：·switch on/of(打开/关闭)：Switch on the light,please. ●switch to(转换到)：She switched to a different job. ·light switch(电灯开关)：Where is the light switch? ·重点派生词：●switcher（名词)：a channel switcher(频道切换器) ●switching(名词)：the switching ofroles（角色转换) 14.whisper/wIsp3()/v.耳语；低语：悄声说 ·核心考点：词性：动词(v)/名词(n) 2个核心义：耳语(v.)、低语声(n.) ·必记搭配与例句：●whisper to sb.（对某人耳语)：She whispered to her friend. ●in a whisper(低声地)：He spoke in a whisper ·重点派生词：●whispering(名词)：the whispering of the wind（风的低语) 15.stare/stea((r)/v.盯着看：凝视 ·核心考点：词性：动词(v.)/名词(n) 2个核心义：盯着看(V.,常带不礼貌意味)、凝视(n.) ·必记搭配与例句：●stare at(盯着看)：It'srude to stare at people. ●give sb.a stare(瞪某人一眼)：She gave him a cold stare. ·重点辨析：·stare(长时间盯着)/glance(瞥一眼)：He stared at her,,then glanced away. 词汇核心考点综合训练 高中沪教版 词汇专版 1.一、单项选择 1.We need to the cause of the accident immediately. ●A.challenge ●B.investigate ●C.prefer ·D.whisper 2.Her for classical music makes her different from her friends. ·A.preference 。B.principle ●C.complaint ●D.quantity 3.n I support your decision,but we need to discuss the details. ●A.flow ●B.incident ·C.principle ●D.stare 4.The teacher the students to a spelling competition last week. 。A.bothered 。B.challenged 。C.disturbed ●D.switched 5.Don't spread information on the Internet,as it may mislead others. ·A.false 高中沪教版 词汇专版 ·B.merciless 。C.fluent 。D.bothersome 6.The of the river was blocked by fallen trees after the storm. ●A.complaint ·B.flow 。C.incident ·D.mercy 7.She didn't to reply to the email because she was too busy. ●A.bother ·B.stare ·C.switch ●D.flow 8.A large of food was sent to the disaster area yesterday. ●A.quality ●B.incident ·C.quantity ·D.preference 9.The in the park was just a small fight between two boys. ●A.event ●B.accident ●C.incident ●D.disturbance 10.It’s」 to stare at strangers in public places. 高中沪教版 词汇专版 ·A.nerciless ●B.ude ●C.preferable ●D.fluent 2.二、根据提示补全句子 1.The police carried out a thorough (investigate)into the robbery case. 2.She speaks English with great (fluent). 3.He is a (principle)person who never compromises on honesty. 4.There have been many (complain)about the poor service in the restaurant. 5.The (flow)of the speech was interrupted by frequent applause. 6.It's (preferable)to take the train than the bus during rush hour. 7.The (mercy)king showed no kindness to the prisoners. 8.We need to analyze the data from a (quantity)perspective. 3.三、首字母填空 1.Please s off the lights when you leave the room 2.The little girl w to her mother about the scary noise. 3.What a b I forgot to bring my umbrella on such a rainy day. 4.The incident t into a major conflict between the two countries. 5.He has a p for tea over coffee because he thinks it's healthier. 4.参考答案 ·一、单项选择 1B2.A3.C4.B5.A6.B7.A8.C9.C10B ·二、根据提示补全句子 1.investigation 2.fluency 3.principled 4.complaints 5.flow 6.preferable 7.merciless 8.quantitative ·三、首字母填空 1.switch 2.whispered 3.bother 4.turned 5.preference