Unit 6 Living with nature 宾语从句（2） (语法讲解+分层精练）-2025-2026学年外研版八年级英语下册

Unit 6 Living with nature （宾语从句Ⅱ） （语法讲解+分层精练） 目 录 一、语法讲解 1 （一）疑问词引导的宾语从句概述 1 （二）、疑问词引导的宾语从句三要素 1 1. 引导词（连接词） 1 2. 语序：陈述句语序 2 3. 时态呼应 2 （三）易错点提醒 3 1. 疑问词的选择 3 2. 疑问词+不定式 3 3. what与that的区别： 3 4. 主从句逻辑 3 二、30道中考题型练习题 3 （一）单项选择（20题） 3 （二）按要求完成句子（10题） 5 一、语法讲解 （一）疑问词引导的宾语从句概述 定义：当宾语从句由特殊疑问句转化而来时，由疑问词（what, who, whom, whose, which, when, where, why, how等）充当连接词引导从句 例句：Do you know where he lives?（你知道他住在哪里吗？） （二）、疑问词引导的宾语从句三要素 1. 引导词（连接词） 疑问词类型 常见词汇 在从句中充当成分 连接代词 what, who, whom, whose, which 主语、宾语、表语、定语 连接副词 when, where, why, how 状语 各疑问词含义： · what：什么 / ……的东西 / 什么……的 · who：谁 · whom：谁（作宾语） · whose：谁的 · which：哪一个 · when：什么时候 · where：在哪儿 · why：为什么 · how：如何 / 怎样 · how many/much：多少 · how long：多长（时间/长度） · how often：多久一次 · how soon：多久以后 2. 语序：陈述句语序 无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，从句都必须使用陈述句语序，即“引导词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他” 错误：I wonder where is the station. 正确：I wonder where the station is. 错误：Could you tell me what is your name? 正确：Could you tell me what your name is? 特殊情况：当疑问词在从句中作主语时，语序保持不变（因为此时“疑问词+谓语”本身就是陈述语序）： · I don't know what is wrong with him.（what作主语，is是谓语） · Can you tell me who will come?（who作主语，will come是谓语） 3. 时态呼应 主句时态 从句时态 例句 一般现在时 根据实际情况用任何时态 I wonder where he lives. 一般过去时 用相应的过去时态 He asked what I was doing. 客观真理/事实 永远用一般现在时 The teacher taught us how the earth moves. （三）易错点提醒 1. 疑问词的选择：根据句意和从句中缺失的成分判断用什么疑问词 · I don't know ______ he was late.（缺失原因 → why） · I don't know ______ he lives.（缺失地点 → where） 2. 疑问词+不定式：疑问词后可直接跟不定式，相当于宾语从句的简化形式 · I don't know what to do. = I don't know what I should do. · Can you tell me how to get there? = Can you tell me how I can get there? 3. what与that的区别： · what在从句中作成分（主语、宾语、表语），意为“……的东西/事情” · that在从句中不作成分，无意义，只起连接作用 · I believe that he is right.（that不作成分） · I believe what he said.（what作宾语） 4. 主从句逻辑：主句是疑问语序（如Could you tell me...），从句必须是陈述语序 二、30道中考题型练习题 （一）单项选择（20题） 1. Could you please tell me ______ the nearest post office is? A. what B. how C. where D. that 2. I don't know ______ he will come back from Beijing. A. how soon B. how long C. how often D. how far 3. — Do you know ______ the new national park? — Yes, I do. To protect wildlife. A. why they set up B. why did they set up C. when they set up D. when did they set up 4. Can you tell me ______? A. what does he do B. what he does C. he does what D. does he what 5. I wonder ______ Tom will go to the party or not. A. if B. whether C. what D. that 6. The teacher asked the students ______. A. when was Leonardo da Vinci born B. when Leonardo da Vinci was born C. when is Leonardo da Vinci born D. when Leonardo da Vinci is born 7. — Could you tell me ______? — Sure. Walk straight and you'll see it on your left. A. where the bank is B. where is the bank C. where was the bank D. where the bank was 8. I don't remember ______ the book yesterday. A. where I bought B. where did I buy C. where will I buy D. where I buy 9. He asked me ______ during the summer vacation. A. where I had gone B. where I had been C. where had I gone D. where had I been 10. I want to know ______. A. what is his name B. what's his name C. what his name is D. that his name is 11. — Do you know ______ the Capital Museum? — Next Friday. A. when they will visit B. when will they visit C. when they visited D. when did they visit 12. Could you please show me ______? A. how to use it B. how use it C. what to use it D. how to use 13. I don't know ______ or not he will come. A. if B. whether C. that D. what 14. — Can you tell me ______? — He is a doctor. A. what is he B. what he is C. who is he D. who he is 15. I wondered ______ so excited. A. why was he B. why he was C. why is he D. why he is 16. — Excuse me, could you tell me ______? — Certainly. Go along the street and you'll find it on the right. A. how can I get to the library B. how I can get to the library C. how could I get to the library D. how I could get to the library 17. I don't know ______ he will come. If he comes, I'll call you. A. whether B. that C. what D. where 18. The little boy doesn't know ______. A. where does his mother live B. where his mother lives C. where is his mother live D. where his mother live 19. — Can you guess ______ the new bicycle? — Sorry, I have no idea. A. how much did he pay for B. how much he paid for C. how much did he pay D. how much he paid 20. I want to know ______ to make a model plane. A. who B. where C. what D. how （二）按要求完成句子（10题） 1. Where does he live? I don't know.（合并为宾语从句） I don't know ______ he ______. 2. "What are you doing?" Mother asked me.（合并为宾语从句） Mother asked me what I ______ ______. 3. When will the meeting begin? Could you tell me?（合并为宾语从句） Could you tell me when the meeting ______ ______? 4. How can I get to the station? Can you tell me?（合并为宾语从句） Can you tell me how ______ ______ get to the station? 5. I don't know. Who is he?（合并为宾语从句） I don't know ______ he ______. 6. Why was she late? I wondered.（合并为宾语从句） I wondered why ______ ______ late. 7. What should we do next? I don't know.（改为简单句） I don't know what ______ ______ next. 8. He asked me, "Where did you go last night?"（合并为宾语从句） He asked me where ______ ______ ______ the night before. 9. I don't know how I can improve my English.（改为简单句） I don't know how ______ ______ my English. 10. We didn't know. Who is that man?（合并为宾语从句） We didn't know who that man ______. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 6 Living with nature （宾语从句Ⅱ） （语法讲解+分层精练） 目 录 一、语法讲解 1 （一）疑问词引导的宾语从句概述 1 （二）、疑问词引导的宾语从句三要素 1 1. 引导词（连接词） 1 2. 语序：陈述句语序 2 3. 时态呼应 2 （三）易错点提醒 3 1. 疑问词的选择 3 2. 疑问词+不定式 3 3. what与that的区别： 3 4. 主从句逻辑 3 二、30道中考题型练习题 3 （一）单项选择（20题） 3 （二）按要求完成句子（10题） 5 一、语法讲解 （一）疑问词引导的宾语从句概述 定义：当宾语从句由特殊疑问句转化而来时，由疑问词（what, who, whom, whose, which, when, where, why, how等）充当连接词引导从句 例句：Do you know where he lives?（你知道他住在哪里吗？） （二）、疑问词引导的宾语从句三要素 1. 引导词（连接词） 疑问词类型 常见词汇 在从句中充当成分 连接代词 what, who, whom, whose, which 主语、宾语、表语、定语 连接副词 when, where, why, how 状语 各疑问词含义： · what：什么 / ……的东西 / 什么……的 · who：谁 · whom：谁（作宾语） · whose：谁的 · which：哪一个 · when：什么时候 · where：在哪儿 · why：为什么 · how：如何 / 怎样 · how many/much：多少 · how long：多长（时间/长度） · how often：多久一次 · how soon：多久以后 2. 语序：陈述句语序 无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，从句都必须使用陈述句语序，即“引导词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他” 错误：I wonder where is the station. 正确：I wonder where the station is. 错误：Could you tell me what is your name? 正确：Could you tell me what your name is? 特殊情况：当疑问词在从句中作主语时，语序保持不变（因为此时“疑问词+谓语”本身就是陈述语序）： · I don't know what is wrong with him.（what作主语，is是谓语） · Can you tell me who will come?（who作主语，will come是谓语） 3. 时态呼应 主句时态 从句时态 例句 一般现在时 根据实际情况用任何时态 I wonder where he lives. 一般过去时 用相应的过去时态 He asked what I was doing. 客观真理/事实 永远用一般现在时 The teacher taught us how the earth moves. （三）易错点提醒 1. 疑问词的选择：根据句意和从句中缺失的成分判断用什么疑问词 · I don't know ______ he was late.（缺失原因 → why） · I don't know ______ he lives.（缺失地点 → where） 2. 疑问词+不定式：疑问词后可直接跟不定式，相当于宾语从句的简化形式 · I don't know what to do. = I don't know what I should do. · Can you tell me how to get there? = Can you tell me how I can get there? 3. what与that的区别： · what在从句中作成分（主语、宾语、表语），意为“……的东西/事情” · that在从句中不作成分，无意义，只起连接作用 · I believe that he is right.（that不作成分） · I believe what he said.（what作宾语） 4. 主从句逻辑：主句是疑问语序（如Could you tell me...），从句必须是陈述语序 二、30道中考题型练习题 （一）单项选择（20题） 1. Could you please tell me ______ the nearest post office is? A. what B. how C. where D. that 2. I don't know ______ he will come back from Beijing. A. how soon B. how long C. how often D. how far 3. — Do you know ______ the new national park? — Yes, I do. To protect wildlife. A. why they set up B. why did they set up C. when they set up D. when did they set up 4. Can you tell me ______? A. what does he do B. what he does C. he does what D. does he what 5. I wonder ______ Tom will go to the party or not. A. if B. whether C. what D. that 6. The teacher asked the students ______. A. when was Leonardo da Vinci born B. when Leonardo da Vinci was born C. when is Leonardo da Vinci born D. when Leonardo da Vinci is born 7. — Could you tell me ______? — Sure. Walk straight and you'll see it on your left. A. where the bank is B. where is the bank C. where was the bank D. where the bank was 8. I don't remember ______ the book yesterday. A. where I bought B. where did I buy C. where will I buy D. where I buy 9. He asked me ______ during the summer vacation. A. where I had gone B. where I had been C. where had I gone D. where had I been 10. I want to know ______. A. what is his name B. what's his name C. what his name is D. that his name is 11. — Do you know ______ the Capital Museum? — Next Friday. A. when they will visit B. when will they visit C. when they visited D. when did they visit 12. Could you please show me ______? A. how to use it B. how use it C. what to use it D. how to use 13. I don't know ______ or not he will come. A. if B. whether C. that D. what 14. — Can you tell me ______? — He is a doctor. A. what is he B. what he is C. who is he D. who he is 15. I wondered ______ so excited. A. why was he B. why he was C. why is he D. why he is 16. — Excuse me, could you tell me ______? — Certainly. Go along the street and you'll find it on the right. A. how can I get to the library B. how I can get to the library C. how could I get to the library D. how I could get to the library 17. I don't know ______ he will come. If he comes, I'll call you. A. whether B. that C. what D. where 18. The little boy doesn't know ______. A. where does his mother live B. where his mother lives C. where is his mother live D. where his mother live 19. — Can you guess ______ the new bicycle? — Sorry, I have no idea. A. how much did he pay for B. how much he paid for C. how much did he pay D. how much he paid 20. I want to know ______ to make a model plane. A. who B. where C. what D. how （二）按要求完成句子（10题） 1. Where does he live? I don't know.（合并为宾语从句） I don't know ______ he ______. 2. "What are you doing?" Mother asked me.（合并为宾语从句） Mother asked me what I ______ ______. 3. When will the meeting begin? Could you tell me?（合并为宾语从句） Could you tell me when the meeting ______ ______? 4. How can I get to the station? Can you tell me?（合并为宾语从句） Can you tell me how ______ ______ get to the station? 5. I don't know. Who is he?（合并为宾语从句） I don't know ______ he ______. 6. Why was she late? I wondered.（合并为宾语从句） I wondered why ______ ______ late. 7. What should we do next? I don't know.（改为简单句） I don't know what ______ ______ next. 8. He asked me, "Where did you go last night?"（合并为宾语从句） He asked me where ______ ______ ______ the night before. 9. I don't know how I can improve my English.（改为简单句） I don't know how ______ ______ my English. 10. We didn't know. Who is that man?（合并为宾语从句） We didn't know who that man ______. 答案与解析 (一)单项选择 1. C 根据句意“最近的邮局在哪里”，询问地点用where 2. A 根据句意“多久以后回来”，用how soon（多久以后） how long问长度/时间多长，how often问频率，how far问距离 3. A 根据答语To protect wildlife（为了保护野生动物）可知问原因，用why 宾语从句用陈述语序 4. B 宾语从句用陈述语序：引导词what + 主语he + 谓语does 5. B 与or not连用时，只能用whether 6. B 主句The teacher asked为过去时，从句用相应的过去时；宾语从句用陈述语序：when + 主语Leonardo da Vinci + was born 7. A 根据答语可知问地点，用where引导 Could you tell me后接陈述语序，根据语境用一般现在时 8. A 时间状语yesterday表示过去，用一般过去时 宾语从句用陈述语序 9. B 主句He asked为过去时，从句用过去完成时表示“过去的过去”；表示“去过某地”用had been to 宾语从句用陈述语序 10. C 宾语从句用陈述语序：引导词what + 主语his name + is 11. A 根据答语Next Friday（下周五）可知问将来时间，用when引导 宾语从句用陈述语序 12. A “疑问词+不定式”结构：how to use it（如何使用它） use是及物动词，后面要接宾语it 13. B 与or not连用，只能用whether 14. B 根据答语He is a doctor可知问职业，用what 宾语从句用陈述语序：what + 主语he + is 15. B 主句I wondered为过去时，从句用相应的过去时 宾语从句用陈述语序：why + 主语he + was 16. B Could you tell me后接宾语从句，用陈述语序；主句是现在时，从句根据实际情况用一般现在时can 17. A 根据后句If he comes可知前句表示不确定“是否”，用whether 注意：if不能与or not直接连用，但这里没有or not，所以whether/if都可以，但选项中没有if，只有whether 18. B 宾语从句用陈述语序：引导词where + 主语his mother + lives 注意主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用lives 19. B 询问价格用how much 宾语从句用陈述语序：how much + 主语he + paid for pay for是固定搭配，意为“支付” 20. D 根据句意“想知道怎样制作飞机模型”，表示方式用how (二)按要求完成句子 1. where, lives 疑问词where引导，从句用陈述语序，主句现在时，从句用一般现在时 2. was doing 主句过去时，直接引语过去进行时改为过去进行时，陈述语序 3. will begin Could you tell me委婉语气，从句将来时，陈述语序 4. I can 宾语从句用陈述语序：how + 主语I + can get... 5. who, is 疑问词who引导，从句用陈述语序，主句现在时，从句一般现在时 6. she was 主句过去时，直接引语一般过去时改为过去时，陈述语序 7. to do 疑问词what + 不定式，相当于宾语从句的简化形式 8. I had gone 主句过去时，直接引语一般过去时改为过去完成时；last night改为the night before；陈述语序 9. to improve 疑问词how + 不定式，相当于宾语从句how I can improve的简化形式 10. was 主句过去时，直接引语一般现在时改为一般过去时，陈述语序 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $