精品解析：广西南宁市第三中学2025-2026学年高二上学期期末英语试卷

高二英语 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. What is the weather like now? A. Snowy. B. Sunny. C. Rainy. 2. What does the man do? A. He’s a teacher. B. He’s a doctor. C. He’s an actor. 3. How much will the woman pay? A. $30. B. $40. C. $70. 4. What will the boy do in the afternoon? A. Borrow some books. B. Take an exam. C. Study in the library. 5. When is Norman’s birthday? A. On October 19th. B. On October 20th. C. On October 21st. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Father and daughter. B. Driver and passenger. C. Brother and sister. 7. How will Jane go to school tomorrow? A. By car. B. By bus. C. On foot. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8. What does the woman plan to do this weekend at first? A. Do the housework. B. Attend a concert. C. Buy new clothes. 9. How does the woman sound in the end? A. Embarrassed. B. Excited. C. Worried. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 10. Why does Daniel decide to quit his job? A. He’s fed up with it. B. He’ll run his own firm. C. He’ll join another company. 11. What is Luna’s attitude toward Daniel’s decision? A. Critical. B. Supportive. C. Casual. 12. What does Daniel offer to do for his current company? A. Set up a new project. B. Train a new employee. C. Recommend a lawyer. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 13. Why does the woman think it is difficult to shop in clothing stores? A. The clothes are expensive. B. There is a lack of fancy clothes. C. The atmosphere doesn’t suit her. 14. How long did the woman wait at the Italian restaurant? A. One hour. B. Two hours. C. Three hours. 15. What worries the woman about ordering dishes online? A. The ordering process. B. The quality. C. The delivery time. 16. What does the man say about getting discounts online? A. It’s worthwhile. B. It’s boring. C. It’s complex. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17. What is the speaker doing? A. Introducing a show. B. Having a listening class. C. Recommending an occupation. 18. What did the participants do in remote places? A. They improved their acting skills. B They taught the locals fire prevention. C. They received training in putting out the fire. 19. What does the show aim to highlight? A Famous people’s daily lives. B. The importance of physical exercise. C. Ordinary people’s dedication to the society. 20. What do we know about the present reality shows? A. They offer help to common people. B. They aim to produce positive effects. C. They are mostly related to different jobs. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Kansas has wonderful State Parks filled with beautiful landscapes, outdoor activities, trails, watersports, and camping! Flint Hills Trail State Park The Flint Hills rails-to-trails track was originally a Missouri Pacific Railroad line built in the late 1800s that ran from Kansas City to Pueblo, Colorado. The Rails-to-Trails Conservancy set the railroad land aside in 1995 to keep it for possible future train use. Great for: biking, birding, cycling, horseback riding, side-trip exploration Lehigh Portland State Park Lehigh Portland State Park is the product of a years-long project led by Thrive Allen County. It sits on the site of a former cement (水泥) plant with the area now being a natural reserve. Great for: hiking, running, mountain biking, wildlife watching, photography Webster State Park A sandy beach awaits visitors seeking an escape on Webster Lake among rolling hills and spacious skies. The park’s Coyote Trail is a 3-mile nature trail with 33 stations. It’s the only State Park in Kansas that offers a Pickleball Court! Great for: pickleball, boating, hiking, fishing Wilson State Park Set in the scenic Smoky Hills region of Kansas, Wilson State Park provides convenient access to one of the state’s greatest water recreation areas. The Switchgrass Mountain Bike Trail is a 24.5-mile trail located in the Hell Creek Area of the state park. Great for: fishing, wildlife watching, mountain biking, hunting, photography 1. What happened to the Missouri Pacific Railroad land in 1995? A. It was reserved for future use. B. It was developed by two departments. C. It was sold by the government. D. It was extended beyond its original area. 2. Which park was transformed from an industrial site? A. Webster State Park. B. Wilson State Park. C. Flint Hills Trail State Park. D. Lehigh Portland State Park. 3. What do Webster State Park and Wilson State Park have in common? A. They are in the scenic Smoky Hills. B. They have long mountain biking routes. C. They support water-related activities. D. They offer visitors courts for ball games. B Graduation is a significant milestone for everyone. An 89-year-old man called Rene Neira had been trying to finish a degree since the 1950s. However, in the 1960s, he was so passionate about urban and economic development of the southside of San Antonio that he stopped school and got involved with the local government. From that time, one of his life goals was to earn a degree in economics. In 2017, the grandpa and his 19-year-old granddaughter both enrolled (入学) at the University of Texas at San Antonio. “There were times when we would get lunch together, be in the library together, and just work silently side-by-side,” Melanie Salazar, Rene’s granddaughter, recalled. “He always had something to say, especially if his professors had different opinions than him,” Melanie said. “And there were often times when a professor would invite him to talk about the past.” Rene’s college years weren’t easy. “He has worked very hard over time. Especially in recent years, with hearing loss and going through seasons of not having a car, there was a term where he had to take medical leave because he had a stroke, so he couldn’t go back to school that term. And then the pandemic started,” said Melanie. After four years, their hard work finally paid off—they graduated. Together, they stood on the stage. Everyone broke into applause and cheered for this fantastic pair. Their story has been making waves online. People have nothing but good words for them, “Awww... I love stories like this. This was such a beautiful moment. Congratulations to both of them. Grandpa definitely demonstrated that one shouldn’t give up their dream no matter how long it takes,” one wrote. Another wrote, “I’m motivated to go back to school myself, thanks to his example.” Rene had the determination to finish his degree even at an advanced stage in his life. Hard work, patience, and determination are the keys to success, especially when the path is not easy or clear. 4. Why did Rene fail to get a degree when he was young? A. He was not interested in university life then. B. He devoted himself to city development. C. He needed to work to support his family. D. He was not good at his school work. 5. How was Rene’s college life? A. It made him physically ill. B. It was full of surprise. C. It was smooth and plain. D. It came with challenges. 6. What did people think of Rene’s experience? A Admirable. B. Doubtful. C. Funny. D. Pitiful. 7. What lesson can we learn from Rene’s story? A. Actions speak louder than words. B. It is never too late to achieve one’s dream. C. Genius without education is like silver in the mine. D. A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. C For all the importance we place on words, whether spoken or written, much of the communicating we do regularly comes through body language. According to pioneering research by Dr. Albert Mehrabian, only 7 percent of the meaning we get from human communication comes from the actual spoken words used. An additional 38 percent comes from tone of voice while a large 55 percent comes from body language alone. Researchers have long identified that certain kinds of body movements and facial expressions can communicate information about the emotions we happen to be experiencing at the time. But are these emotional signals shaped by different cultures or are they universal to all humans? A new research article published in the journal Emotion attempts to answer this question through a cross-cultural study. The researchers traveled to Ratanakini, Cambodia to study members of a distant Kreung hill tribe (部落). Living in Cambodia’s highlands, the Kreung are still largely remote from the outside world except for occasional visitors. They have yet to be assimilated (被同化) as many other societies have been. In the study, a set of videos were prepared featuring an American woman, displaying three positive emotions (happiness, love, and pride) and three negative emotions (anger, fear, and sadness) using body language alone. The effectiveness of these videos was tested using thirty-four American participants. The videos were then presented to twenty-six Kreung individuals (eleven of whom were female). They were asked to describe the emotions being displayed in their own words. Results showed that the Kreung participants tended to be quite accurate in guessing which emotions were being presented. The overall accuracy rate was sixty-two percent though their accuracy in detecting specific emotions such as anger and happiness was far higher. Overall, there was no significant discrepancy between Kreung and American raters in detecting emotions, though American participants did much better in detecting pride and love. Still, the study does suggest that body movements can express emotions such as anger, fear, sadness, and love even for individuals belonging to different cultures. Emotional signals reflect basic human needs and desires that all humans share. Learning more about how basic biology and social factors shape the way we communicate may well be essential in helping to understand ourselves better. 8. What do the numbers mentioned in Paragraph 1 show? A. The importance of body language in communication. B. The relationship between spoken and written words. C. The necessity of changing your tone of voice. D. The effectiveness of various ways of communication. 9. What is the characteristic of the Kreung? A. They live a hard and poor life. B. They make a living through tourism. C. They enjoy a relatively unaffected culture. D. They use body language alone to communicate. 10. What does the underlined word “discrepancy” in Paragraph 5 probably mean? A. Communication. B. Difference. C. Relation. D. Balance. 11. What did the researchers conclude from the study? A. Humans share the same basic needs and desires. B. Communicating with others can better understand ourselves. C. Biology and social factors affect our body language. D. Emotional body language may go beyond culture. D Imagine walking through a forest as a sweet scent travels through the air. A little farther down the path, some unpleasant smell makes you catch your breath. Upon investigation, you find that both of them come from flowers — but why do flowers have different smells? It’s actually part of a strategy that helps flowering plants reproduce themselves and spread their species. Certain scents help these flowers solve a big problem. Plants flower to produce seeds that can go on to become new plants. To make an available seed, pollen (花粉) from one part of the flower must get fertilized (受精) in another part of the flower. Some plants can be pollinated by themselves, using their own pollen to get fertilized, while others need help to get pollen from another plant of the same species — that’s called cross-pollination. So how does one plant get some other plants’ pollen? Sometimes gravity helps pollen fall into a place. Sometimes wind carries it. Flowers pollinated by the wind don’t produce a scent. Other flowers are pollinated by birds, bats, or insects carrying the pollen from one flower to another. In these cases, the flowers might have a scent which acts as a kind of welcome sign for just the appropriate pollinator. An orchid growing in the tropical forest or a rose in your garden needs to attract a pollinator to bring pollen from flowers of the same species. However, there are flowers which look similar but are from other species. To distinguish itself from other flowers, each flower gives off a unique scent to draw specific pollinators. Similar to the perfumes (香水) at a department store counter, flower scents are made from various kinds of chemicals which evaporate (蒸发) easily and float through the air. Some factors such as the amount of the chemical and its interaction with other chemicals are not as important as the type of the chemical when it comes to giving the flower its unique scent. The scent of a rose may consist of as many as 400 different chemicals. 12. What does the big problem of flowers refer to? A. Having very few pollinators. B. Struggling to produce enough seeds. C. Being unable to produce a sweet scent. D. Having difficulty in self-pollination. 13. Why do flowers of different species give off different scents? A. To clean the air. B. To attract the right pollinators. C. To make the environment pleasant. D. To protect themselves against destroyers. 14. Which factor plays a bigger role in creating the special scent of flowers? A. The type of chemicals. B. The quantity of chemicals. C. The elements of chemicals. D. The interaction with other chemicals. 15. What would be the best title for the text? A. How do flowers produce seeds? B. Why do flowers smell differently? C Why do plants set off unique scents? D. How do pollinators distinguish plants? 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Conducting a classroom debate purposefully involves students in the topic of the class and it can help students develop various skills. ____16____. Because debating is a unique language art that mixes persuasion with presentation, which is difficult to master. Whether you’re a teacher or a student trying to conduct a classroom debate, the following tips may help you. Choose an appropriate debate topic Avoid a topic that’s too complex or something students cannot relate to. ____17____. Then, the class debate will possibly fail. The best debate topics are those students like and can easily relate to. Such topics enable students to actively take part in the classroom debate. Introduce the key issues and vocabulary When students hear the debate topic, they might not initially understand why that particular issue is debatable. Before asking participants to research and prepare their arguments, organizers should present the debate to both sides. If the required language isn’t the students first language, the relevant vocabulary should also be offered. ____18____. Choose the classroom debate format How? It depends on students’ age, level and whether it’s a competitive debate or simply a classroom debate to get students thinking and talking about a particular issue. ____19____ Introduce the debate’s topic. Divide students into two groups. Give students time to prepare. Let them present their position and rebuttal (辩驳). Close statements. Offer judgement. ____20____ It’s not easy for students to stand up before the class, express their opinions, and have others judge what they say. So let all students remember the following requirements. Speak politely. Don’t interrupt others when they’re speaking. Be open-minded. Keep to your given time. A. Set the classroom debate rules B. A common simplified debate is as follows C. Thus, they’ll more confidently express opinions D. Be sure to keep an emotional appeal to the audience E. However, organizing a debate successfully is challenging F. Logical consistency and factual accuracy matter in a debate G. Otherwise, students can find the debate unpleasantly demanding 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文、从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In 2011, Adam Riess was my freshman roommate at MIT. Now he won the Noel Prize in Physics for using the Hubble Space Telescope. While looking at light given off from a distant star, Riess ____21____ that contrary (相反的) to the existing theory that the universe’s expansion was slowing down, it was actually ____22____. Riess said that when he first saw the data, he thought it was a(n) ____23____since it didn’t match the existing model. But with ____24____ analyses and observations, he eventually realized that the data was right and that the model has to be ____25____. It’s now a generally ____26____ fact that the universe’s expansion is speeding up, mainly due to a force called “dark energy.” When I met with Riess, we got to talking about his ____27____. I asked how he insisted that he should be right. He said my question ____28____ him of something that Richard Feynman said about science. “It doesn’t matter how beautiful your theory is. If it doesn’t ____29____ the experiment, it’s wrong.” Adam Riess continued, “I have always had a strong ______30______in the scientific method—you do an experiment to ______31______a hypothesis (假设) and if the data doesn’t fit and you can ______32______ the data, you must change the hypothesis. This is what makes science different and ______33______ of explaining the natural world.” I think we need to ______34______ the way of doing scientific experiments and believe that repeated scientific experiments are an incredibly powerful and logical way to find the ______35______. 21. A. observed B. told C. expected D. imagined 22. A. cracking B. missing C. weakening D. quickening 23. A. excuse B. mistake C. challenge D. difficulty 24. A. reported B. limited C. repeated D. selected 25. A. copied B. destroyed C. protected D. corrected 26. A. shocking B. accepted C. ignored D. promising 27. A. contribution B. concern C. discovery D. curiosity 28. A. reminded B. warned C. informed D. convinced 29. A. end up with B. combine with C. give way to D. agree with 30. A. emotion B. dream C. belief D. suggestion 31. A. create B. test C. change D. finish 32. A. prove B. share C. collect D. improve 33. A. worthy B. sensible C. independent D. capable 34. A. cover B. replace C. value D. discuss 35. A. law B. truth C. standard D. balance 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As the Chinese calendar ushered in (迎来) layue, the 12th month, preparations for the Chinese New Year began in earnest. In Tantou, a charming old town in Hunan province, this season is marked by the ____36____ (create) and display of colorful nianhua, or New Year paintings. It is a key part of the community’s culture, ____37____ (believe) to drive away misfortune and invite prosperity for the coming year. Tantou nianhua, ____38____ a history of more than three centuries, are famous across China for their radiant colors and expressive designs. ____39____ makes Tantou nianhua truly exceptional is the comprehensive local production process. Every step, from papermaking to the finished artwork, ____40____ (complete) in the town. The process begins with strong paper made from local bamboo. At its heart lies woodblock carving, ____41____ step that demands great skill and employs the distinctive “steep knife upright line” technique. Then comes printing. Separate blocks are used for printing bright colors, ____42____ are then applied layer by layer. Finally, black outlines are printed, and fine details like eyes and mouths are painted by hand, bringing each piece ____43____ (vivid) to life. More than just art, Tantou nianhua represents a practical aesthetic (美感) born from the lives and hopes of ordinary people. This ____44____ (value) tradition now actively passes on its lively spirit to younger generations. In the years ahead, its vibrant colors and stories will remain relevant, _____45_____ (keep) the past meaningfully alive throughout China. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，上周用急救知识帮助了手被烫伤的同学。请你用英语写一篇短文向你校英文报健康专栏投稿，内容包括： 1. 你施救的经过；2. 你的感悟。 注意： 1 词数80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 First Aid Knowledge Matters! ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The familiar smell of garlic and onion filled the air as I opened my lunch bag to see what my mom had packed for me. On any other occasion, I would have been delighted to eat my mom’s fried tofu: a Chinese dish that I often ate for dinner. But not today, the day a nice girl had invited me, the new girl at school, to sit with her friends during lunch. “Emma, over here!” My new friend was waving her arms, trying to get my attention. As I prepared to walk over to the table, memories of elementary and middle school lunchtimes came back. I remembered my embarrassment as my friends would hold their noses when I brought homemade Chinese food. I remembered how my embarrassment changed to anger when I complained about the smell to my mom. I had argued with my mom that I wanted “normal” food for lunch. I remembered the look on my mom’s face, a mix between disappointment and confusion. But I was determined and she gave in. So for the rest days of middle school, my mom packed odorless (没有气味的), non-Chinese food like ham and cheese sandwiches. However, that day, she was in a rush and packed me leftovers(剩菜) from dinner. As soon as I got to my new lunch table, I tried to hide my lunch bag down under my seat. I sat quietly, trying not to be noticed when Katrina, a newly met girl, asked where my food was. “I’m not really hungry,” I replied in an insecure voice. But Katrina had already seen me carry my lunch so she spoke out, “Then, I’ll eat it!” The other girls laughed — clearly Katrina was known to be a big eater. I didn’t want to be rude to a potentially new friend so I reluctantly(不情愿地) dragged out my lunch bag. The moment I opened my lunch box, I could practically taste the garlic and onion. The girls, piqued (激起好奇心) by the smell in the air, all curiously looked at the oval-shaped lunch box. I expected an “Ew” or a “What is that?” 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 I thought they would walk away or tell me to leave. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ When I arrived home, my mom asked how my day went. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高二英语 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. What is the weather like now? A. Snowy. B. Sunny. C. Rainy. 2. What does the man do? A. He’s a teacher. B. He’s a doctor. C. He’s an actor. 3. How much will the woman pay? A. $30. B. $40. C. $70. 4. What will the boy do in the afternoon? A. Borrow some books. B. Take an exam. C. Study in the library. 5. When is Norman’s birthday? A. On October 19th. B. On October 20th. C. On October 21st. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Father and daughter. B. Driver and passenger. C. Brother and sister. 7. How will Jane go to school tomorrow? A. By car. B. By bus. C. On foot. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8. What does the woman plan to do this weekend at first? A. Do the housework. B. Attend a concert. C. Buy new clothes. 9. How does the woman sound in the end? A. Embarrassed. B. Excited. C. Worried. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 10. Why does Daniel decide to quit his job? A. He’s fed up with it. B. He’ll run his own firm. C. He’ll join another company. 11. What is Luna’s attitude toward Daniel’s decision? A. Critical. B. Supportive. C. Casual. 12. What does Daniel offer to do for his current company? A. Set up a new project. B. Train a new employee. C. Recommend a lawyer. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 13. Why does the woman think it is difficult to shop in clothing stores? A. The clothes are expensive. B. There is a lack of fancy clothes. C The atmosphere doesn’t suit her. 14. How long did the woman wait at the Italian restaurant? A. One hour. B. Two hours. C. Three hours. 15. What worries the woman about ordering dishes online? A. The ordering process. B. The quality. C. The delivery time. 16. What does the man say about getting discounts online? A. It’s worthwhile. B. It’s boring. C. It’s complex. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17. What is the speaker doing? A. Introducing a show. B. Having a listening class. C. Recommending an occupation. 18. What did the participants do in remote places? A. They improved their acting skills. B. They taught the locals fire prevention. C. They received training in putting out the fire. 19. What does the show aim to highlight? A. Famous people’s daily lives. B. The importance of physical exercise. C. Ordinary people’s dedication to the society. 20. What do we know about the present reality shows? A. They offer help to common people. B. They aim to produce positive effects. C. They are mostly related to different jobs. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Kansas has wonderful State Parks filled with beautiful landscapes, outdoor activities, trails, watersports, and camping! Flint Hills Trail State Park The Flint Hills rails-to-trails track was originally a Missouri Pacific Railroad line built in the late 1800s that ran from Kansas City to Pueblo, Colorado. The Rails-to-Trails Conservancy set the railroad land aside in 1995 to keep it for possible future train use. Great for: biking, birding, cycling, horseback riding, side-trip exploration Lehigh Portland State Park Lehigh Portland State Park is the product of a years-long project led by Thrive Allen County. It sits on the site of a former cement (水泥) plant with the area now being a natural reserve. Great for: hiking, running, mountain biking, wildlife watching, photography Webster State Park A sandy beach awaits visitors seeking an escape on Webster Lake among rolling hills and spacious skies. The park’s Coyote Trail is a 3-mile nature trail with 33 stations. It’s the only State Park in Kansas that offers a Pickleball Court! Great for: pickleball, boating, hiking, fishing Wilson State Park Set in the scenic Smoky Hills region of Kansas, Wilson State Park provides convenient access to one of the state’s greatest water recreation areas. The Switchgrass Mountain Bike Trail is a 24.5-mile trail located in the Hell Creek Area of the state park. Great for: fishing, wildlife watching, mountain biking, hunting, photography 1. What happened to the Missouri Pacific Railroad land in 1995? A. It was reserved for future use. B. It was developed by two departments. C. It was sold by the government. D. It was extended beyond its original area. 2. Which park was transformed from an industrial site? A. Webster State Park. B. Wilson State Park. C. Flint Hills Trail State Park. D. Lehigh Portland State Park. 3. What do Webster State Park and Wilson State Park have in common? A. They are in the scenic Smoky Hills. B. They have long mountain biking routes. C. They support water-related activities. D. They offer visitors courts for ball games. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了堪萨斯州四座很棒的州立公园，包括它们的历史背景、特色及适合开展的户外活动。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Flint Hills Trail State Park部分“The Rails-to-Trails Conservancy set the railroad land aside in 1995 to keep it for possible future train use.(1995年，铁路改步道保护协会将这段铁路用地预留出来，以备未来可能的铁路使用)”可知，1995年，密苏里太平洋铁路的用地被预留下来，供未来使用。故选A项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Lehigh Portland State Park部分“Lehigh Portland State Park is the product of a years-long project led by Thrive Allen County. It sits on the site of a former cement (水泥) plant with the area now being a natural reserve.(利哈伊波特兰州立公园是艾伦县繁荣组织领导的一项为期数年的项目的成果。它位于一个前水泥厂的旧址上，现在这个地区已成为自然保护区)”可知，利哈伊波特兰州立公园是由工业场地改造而成的。故选D项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Webster State Par部分“Webster State Park A sandy beach awaits visitors seeking an escape on Webster Lake among rolling hills and spacious skies.(韦伯斯特州立公园 一片沙滩等待着那些想在连绵起伏的山丘和广阔的天空下逃离到韦伯斯特湖的游客)”和“Great for: pickleball, boating, hiking, fishing(适合：匹克球、划船、徒步旅行、钓鱼)”，以及第五段中的“Wilson State Park Set in the scenic Smoky Hills region of Kansas, Wilson State Park provides convenient access to one of the state’s greatest water recreation areas.(威尔逊州立公园 位于堪萨斯州风景优美的斯莫基山地区，方便前往该州最棒的水上娱乐区之一)”和“Great for: fishing, wildlife watching, mountain biking, hunting, photography(适合：钓鱼、观赏野生动物、山地自行车、狩猎、摄影)”可知，韦伯斯特州立公园有韦伯斯特湖，提供划船、钓鱼等活动；威尔逊州立公园临近水上娱乐区，提供钓鱼活动，两者的共同点是都支持与水相关的活动。故选C项。 B Graduation is a significant milestone for everyone. An 89-year-old man called Rene Neira had been trying to finish a degree since the 1950s. However, in the 1960s, he was so passionate about urban and economic development of the southside of San Antonio that he stopped school and got involved with the local government. From that time, one of his life goals was to earn a degree in economics. In 2017, the grandpa and his 19-year-old granddaughter both enrolled (入学) at the University of Texas at San Antonio. “There were times when we would get lunch together, be in the library together, and just work silently side-by-side,” Melanie Salazar, Rene’s granddaughter, recalled. “He always had something to say, especially if his professors had different opinions than him,” Melanie said. “And there were often times when a professor would invite him to talk about the past.” Rene’s college years weren’t easy. “He has worked very hard over time. Especially in recent years, with hearing loss and going through seasons of not having a car, there was a term where he had to take medical leave because he had a stroke, so he couldn’t go back to school that term. And then the pandemic started,” said Melanie. After four years, their hard work finally paid off—they graduated. Together, they stood on the stage. Everyone broke into applause and cheered for this fantastic pair. Their story has been making waves online. People have nothing but good words for them, “Awww... I love stories like this. This was such a beautiful moment. Congratulations to both of them. Grandpa definitely demonstrated that one shouldn’t give up their dream no matter how long it takes,” one wrote. Another wrote, “I’m motivated to go back to school myself, thanks to his example.” Rene had the determination to finish his degree even at an advanced stage in his life. Hard work, patience, and determination are the keys to success, especially when the path is not easy or clear. 4. Why did Rene fail to get a degree when he was young? A. He was not interested in university life then. B. He devoted himself to city development. C. He needed to work to support his family. D. He was not good at his school work. 5. How was Rene’s college life? A. It made him physically ill. B. It was full of surprise. C. It was smooth and plain. D. It came with challenges. 6. What did people think of Rene’s experience? A. Admirable. B. Doubtful. C. Funny. D. Pitiful. 7. What lesson can we learn from Rene’s story? A. Actions speak louder than words. B. It is never too late to achieve one’s dream. C. Genius without education is like silver in the mine. D. A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. 【答案】4. B 5. D 6. A 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。这篇文章讲述了一位89岁的老人Rene Neira在1950年代开始追求经济学学位，并在之后参与当地政府。他一直希望能够完成学业，到2017年他和他的19岁孙女一起入读德克萨斯圣安东尼奥大学。在他们四年的努力后，两人一起毕业了。这个故事感动了很多人，大家纷纷表示要向Rene Neira学习，不论年龄多大，都不能放弃自己的梦想，努力、耐心和决心是成功的关键。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“However, in the 1960s, he was so passionate about urban and economic development of the southside of San Antonio that he stopped school and got involved with the local government. (然而，在20世纪60年代，他对圣安东尼奥南部的城市和经济发展充满热情，以至于他停止了学业，并参与了当地政府。)”可知，Rene放弃学业，因为要参与城市经济建设。故选B。 【5题详解】 细节理解题，根据第三段“Especially in recent years, with hearing loss and going through seasons of not having a car, there was a term where he had to take medical leave because he had a stroke, so he couldn’t go back to school that term. (特别是最近几年，由于听力下降，又经历了几季没有车的日子，有一学期他不得不请病假，因为他中风了，所以那学期他不能回学校了。)”可知，Rene最近几年，由于听力下降，又经历了几季没有车的日子，同时又中风了，所以他的大学生活充满艰辛。故选D。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“People have nothing but good words for them, “Awww... I love stories like this. This was such a beautiful moment. Congratulations to both of them. Grandpa definitely demonstrated that one shouldn’t give up their dream no matter how long it takes,” one wrote. (人们对他们只有好话，“我喜欢这样的故事。这真是一个美丽的时刻。恭喜他们俩。爷爷明确地证明一个人不应该放弃自己的梦想，不管需要多长时间，”有人写道。)”以及“Another wrote, “I’m motivated to go back to school myself, thanks to his example.”(另一位写道：“感谢他的榜样，我有动力回到学校。”)”可知，人们认为Rene的经历令人钦佩和赞叹。故选A。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Rene had the determination to finish his degree even at an advanced stage in his life. Hard work, patience, and determination are the keys to success, especially when the path is not easy or clear.( Rene即使在晚年也决心完成他的学位。努力、耐心和决心是成功的关键，尤其是在道路不平坦或不清晰的时候。)”以及通读全文可知，通过Rene的经历，文章阐述了一个道理即不论年龄多大，都不能放弃自己的梦想，努力、耐心和决心是成功的关键。B选项“It is never too late to achieve one’s dream.(实现梦想永远不会太晚。)”符合题意。故选B。 C For all the importance we place on words, whether spoken or written, much of the communicating we do regularly comes through body language. According to pioneering research by Dr. Albert Mehrabian, only 7 percent of the meaning we get from human communication comes from the actual spoken words used. An additional 38 percent comes from tone of voice while a large 55 percent comes from body language alone. Researchers have long identified that certain kinds of body movements and facial expressions can communicate information about the emotions we happen to be experiencing at the time. But are these emotional signals shaped by different cultures or are they universal to all humans? A new research article published in the journal Emotion attempts to answer this question through a cross-cultural study. The researchers traveled to Ratanakini, Cambodia to study members of a distant Kreung hill tribe (部落). Living in Cambodia’s highlands, the Kreung are still largely remote from the outside world except for occasional visitors. They have yet to be assimilated (被同化) as many other societies have been. In the study, a set of videos were prepared featuring an American woman, displaying three positive emotions (happiness, love, and pride) and three negative emotions (anger, fear, and sadness) using body language alone. The effectiveness of these videos was tested using thirty-four American participants. The videos were then presented to twenty-six Kreung individuals (eleven of whom were female). They were asked to describe the emotions being displayed in their own words. Results showed that the Kreung participants tended to be quite accurate in guessing which emotions were being presented. The overall accuracy rate was sixty-two percent though their accuracy in detecting specific emotions such as anger and happiness was far higher. Overall, there was no significant discrepancy between Kreung and American raters in detecting emotions, though American participants did much better in detecting pride and love. Still, the study does suggest that body movements can express emotions such as anger, fear, sadness, and love even for individuals belonging to different cultures. Emotional signals reflect basic human needs and desires that all humans share. Learning more about how basic biology and social factors shape the way we communicate may well be essential in helping to understand ourselves better. 8. What do the numbers mentioned in Paragraph 1 show? A. The importance of body language in communication. B. The relationship between spoken and written words. C. The necessity of changing your tone of voice. D. The effectiveness of various ways of communication. 9. What is the characteristic of the Kreung? A. They live a hard and poor life. B. They make a living through tourism. C. They enjoy a relatively unaffected culture. D. They use body language alone to communicate. 10. What does the underlined word “discrepancy” in Paragraph 5 probably mean? A. Communication. B. Difference. C. Relation. D. Balance. 11. What did the researchers conclude from the study? A. Humans share the same basic needs and desires. B. Communicating with others can better understand ourselves. C. Biology and social factors affect our body language. D. Emotional body language may go beyond culture. 【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B 11. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了肢体语言在交际中的重要性以及情感肢体语言可能超越文化，为人们通用的特性。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“According to pioneering research by Dr. Albert Mehrabian, only 7 percent of the meaning we get from human communication comes from the actual spoken words used. An additional 38 percent comes from tone of voice while a large 55 percent comes from body language alone.(根据阿尔伯特·梅赫拉比安博士的开创性研究，我们从人类交流中获得的意义只有7%来自实际使用的口语。另外38%来自声调，而55%来自肢体语言)”可推知，这些数字表明肢体语言在交际中的重要性。故选A。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Living in Cambodia’s highlands, the Kreung are still largely remote from the outside world except for occasional visitors. They have yet to be assimilated (被同化) as many other societies have been.(克伦族生活在柬埔寨的高地，除了偶尔有游客来访外，他们基本上与外界隔绝。他们还没有像许多其他社会一样被同化)”可知，他们享有相对不受外界影响的文化。故选C。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“there was no significant”以及后文“though American participants did much better in detecting pride and love”中though表示转折关系，可推知，尽管美国参与者在判断自豪感和爱方面做得更好，但是Kreung和美国参加者在判断情绪方面没有显著差异。故划线词“discrepancy”意为“差异”。故选B。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Still, the study does suggest that body movements can express emotions such as anger, fear, sadness, and love even for individuals belonging to different cultures.(尽管如此，这项研究确实表明，身体动作可以表达愤怒、恐惧、悲伤和爱等情绪，甚至对于属于不同文化的人来说也是如此)”可知，情感肢体语言可能超越文化，为人们通用。故选D。 D Imagine walking through a forest as a sweet scent travels through the air. A little farther down the path, some unpleasant smell makes you catch your breath. Upon investigation, you find that both of them come from flowers — but why do flowers have different smells? It’s actually part of a strategy that helps flowering plants reproduce themselves and spread their species. Certain scents help these flowers solve a big problem. Plants flower to produce seeds that can go on to become new plants. To make an available seed, pollen (花粉) from one part of the flower must get fertilized (受精) in another part of the flower. Some plants can be pollinated by themselves, using their own pollen to get fertilized, while others need help to get pollen from another plant of the same species — that’s called cross-pollination. So how does one plant get some other plants’ pollen? Sometimes gravity helps pollen fall into a place. Sometimes wind carries it. Flowers pollinated by the wind don’t produce a scent. Other flowers are pollinated by birds, bats, or insects carrying the pollen from one flower to another. In these cases, the flowers might have a scent which acts as a kind of welcome sign for just the appropriate pollinator. An orchid growing in the tropical forest or a rose in your garden needs to attract a pollinator to bring pollen from flowers of the same species. However, there are flowers which look similar but are from other species. To distinguish itself from other flowers, each flower gives off a unique scent to draw specific pollinators. Similar to the perfumes (香水) at a department store counter, flower scents are made from various kinds of chemicals which evaporate (蒸发) easily and float through the air. Some factors such as the amount of the chemical and its interaction with other chemicals are not as important as the type of the chemical when it comes to giving the flower its unique scent. The scent of a rose may consist of as many as 400 different chemicals. 12. What does the big problem of flowers refer to? A. Having very few pollinators. B. Struggling to produce enough seeds. C Being unable to produce a sweet scent. D. Having difficulty in self-pollination. 13. Why do flowers of different species give off different scents? A. To clean the air. B. To attract the right pollinators. C To make the environment pleasant. D. To protect themselves against destroyers. 14. Which factor plays a bigger role in creating the special scent of flowers? A. The type of chemicals. B. The quantity of chemicals. C. The elements of chemicals. D. The interaction with other chemicals. 15. What would be the best title for the text? A. How do flowers produce seeds? B. Why do flowers smell differently? C. Why do plants set off unique scents? D. How do pollinators distinguish plants? 【答案】12. D 13. B 14. A 15. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文以森林中花香不同引出问题，解释花朵散发不同气味是为吸引合适传粉者、帮助结籽繁殖，其独特气味主要由化学物质种类决定。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“It’s actually part of a strategy that helps flowering plants reproduce themselves and spread their species. Certain scents help these flowers solve a big problem. Plants flower to produce seeds that can go on to become new plants. To make an available seed, pollen (花粉) from one part of the flower must get fertilized (受精) in another part of the flower. Some plants can be pollinated by themselves, using their own pollen to get fertilized, while others need help to get pollen from another plant of the same species — that’s called cross-pollination.(实际上，这是一项有助于开花植物自我繁殖并传播物种的策略的一部分。某些气味有助于这些花朵解决一个重大问题。植物开花是为了产生种子，这些种子能够发育成新的植物。要获得可用的种子，花朵中一个部位的花粉必须在花朵的另一个部位完成受精过程。有些植物能够依靠自身完成授粉，利用自身的花粉进行受精，而其他植物则需要来自同一物种另一株植物的花粉来实现授粉——这就是所谓的异花授粉)”可知，花朵的这个大问题指的是自我授粉存在困难。故选D。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“To distinguish itself from other flowers, each flower gives off a unique scent to draw specific pollinators.(为了与其他花朵区分开来，每种花朵都会散发出独特的香气，以吸引特定的传粉者)”可知，不同种类的花会散发出不同的气味是为了吸引合适的传粉者。故选B。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Some factors such as the amount of the chemical and its interaction with other chemicals are not as important as the type of the chemical when it comes to giving the flower its unique scent.(在赋予花朵独特香气方面，诸如化学物质的用量及其与其他化学物质的相互作用等因素，并不如化学物质的种类那么重要)”可知，在产生花朵独特气味的过程中，化学物质的种类起着更大的作用。故选A。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Imagine walking through a forest as a sweet scent travels through the air. A little farther down the path, some unpleasant smell makes you catch your breath. Upon investigation, you find that both of them come from flowers — but why do flowers have different smells?(想象一下，当你漫步在森林之中时，一股美妙的香气在空气中弥漫开来。沿着小路再往前走一段，一阵难闻的气味让你屏住了呼吸。经过一番调查，你会发现这两种气味都源自花朵——但为什么花朵会有不同的气味呢？)”结合本文以森林中花香不同引出问题，解释花朵散发不同气味是为吸引合适传粉者、帮助结籽繁殖，其独特气味主要由化学物质种类决定。可知，B选项“花朵为何会有不同的气味？”最符合文章标题。故选B。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Conducting a classroom debate purposefully involves students in the topic of the class and it can help students develop various skills. ____16____. Because debating is a unique language art that mixes persuasion with presentation, which is difficult to master. Whether you’re a teacher or a student trying to conduct a classroom debate, the following tips may help you. Choose an appropriate debate topic Avoid a topic that’s too complex or something students cannot relate to. ____17____. Then, the class debate will possibly fail. The best debate topics are those students like and can easily relate to. Such topics enable students to actively take part in the classroom debate. Introduce the key issues and vocabulary When students hear the debate topic, they might not initially understand why that particular issue is debatable. Before asking participants to research and prepare their arguments, organizers should present the debate to both sides. If the required language isn’t the students first language, the relevant vocabulary should also be offered. ____18____. Choose the classroom debate format How? It depends on students’ age, level and whether it’s a competitive debate or simply a classroom debate to get students thinking and talking about a particular issue. ____19____ Introduce the debate’s topic. Divide students into two groups. Give students time to prepare. Let them present their position and rebuttal (辩驳). Close statements. Offer judgement. ____20____ It’s not easy for students to stand up before the class, express their opinions, and have others judge what they say. So let all students remember the following requirements. Speak politely. Don’t interrupt others when they’re speaking. Be open-minded. Keep to your given time. A. Set the classroom debate rules B. A common simplified debate is as follows C. Thus, they’ll more confidently express opinions D. Be sure to keep an emotional appeal to the audience E. However, organizing a debate successfully is challenging F. Logical consistency and factual accuracy matter in a debate G. Otherwise, students can find the debate unpleasantly demanding 【答案】16. E 17. G 18. C 19. B 20. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了课堂辩论有益学生成长，但成功组织不易。文章从选题、介绍知识点、确定流程、制定规则四方面给出建议，以帮助顺利开展课堂辩论。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Conducting a classroom debate purposefully involves students in the topic of the class and it can help students develop various skills.(有目的性地开展课堂辩论能让学生参与到课堂主题中来，并且还能帮助学生提升多种能力)”以及后文“Because debating is a unique language art that mixes persuasion with presentation, which is difficult to master.(因为辩论是一种独特的语言艺术，它将说服与表达相结合，这是一项难以掌握的技能)”可知，前一句说：课堂辩论能让学生参与话题、培养多种技能。后一句说：因为辩论是很难掌握的语言艺术。故这里需要一个转折句，从“辩论有好处” 转到 “辩论不好组织”。故E选项“然而，成功组织一场辩论是有挑战性的”与后文“很难掌握” 形成因果衔接，逻辑最通顺。故选E。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Avoid a topic that’s too complex or something students cannot relate to.(避免选择过于复杂的话题，也不要选择学生无法理解的内容)”以及后文“Then, the class debate will possibly fail.(那么，这次班级辩论可能会失败)”可知，前一句：要避免太复杂或学生不熟悉的话题。后一句：那么，课堂辩论可能会失败。这里需要表达如果不这样做会怎样。故G选项“否则，学生会觉得辩论太难、太吃力”正好解释了为什么辩论会失败，上下文连贯。故选G。 【18题详解】 根据上文“When students hear the debate topic, they might not initially understand why that particular issue is debatable. Before asking participants to research and prepare their arguments, organizers should present the debate to both sides. If the required language isn’t the students first language, the relevant vocabulary should also be offered.(当学生们听到辩论的主题时，他们可能起初并不明白为什么这个特定的问题会有争议性。在要求参与者进行研究并准备论点之前，组织者应该向双方展示这场辩论。如果所要求使用的语言不是学生的母语，那么相关的词汇也应该提供给他们)”可知，前一句：要向学生介绍关键问题和词汇，如果不是母语还要提供相关词汇。这里需要一个结果句，说明这样做的好处。故C选项“因此，他们会更自信地表达观点” 承接上文的准备工作，顺理成章。故选C。 【19题详解】 根据上文“How? It depends on students’ age, level and whether it’s a competitive debate or simply a classroom debate to get students thinking and talking about a particular issue.(怎么？这取决于学生的年龄、水平，以及是参加竞争性的辩论还是仅仅在课堂上进行讨论，目的是让学生产生思考并就某个特定问题展开交流)”以及后文“Introduce the debate’s topic. Divide students into two groups. Give students time to prepare. Let them present their position and rebuttal (辩驳). Close statements. Offer judgement.(介绍辩论的主题。将学生分成两组。给学生时间做准备。让他们陈述自己的观点并进行反驳。结束陈述。给出评判)”可知，前一句讲选择辩论形式，后文直接列出步骤：介绍话题、分组、准备、发言、总结等。这里需要一句引出具体流程的句子。故B选项“一种常见的简化辩论流程如下”完美引出后面的步骤，逻辑清晰。故选B。 【20题详解】 根据本段内容“It’s not easy for students to stand up before the class, express their opinions, and have others judge what they say. So let all students remember the following requirements. Speak politely. Don’t interrupt others when they’re speaking. Be open-minded. Keep to your given time.(对于学生来说，站在全班同学面前发表自己的观点，并让他人评判自己的言论并非易事。因此，希望所有同学都能牢记以下几点要求：说话要礼貌。他人发言时不要打断。要保持开放的心态。遵守规定的时间)”可知，本段整段都在讲：要礼貌、不打断、思想开放、遵守时间。这些都属于规则要求。故A选项“设定课堂辩论规则”概括整段内容，作为段落小标题最合适。故选A。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文、从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In 2011, Adam Riess was my freshman roommate at MIT. Now he won the Noel Prize in Physics for using the Hubble Space Telescope. While looking at light given off from a distant star, Riess ____21____ that contrary (相反的) to the existing theory that the universe’s expansion was slowing down, it was actually ____22____. Riess said that when he first saw the data, he thought it was a(n) ____23____since it didn’t match the existing model. But with ____24____ analyses and observations, he eventually realized that the data was right and that the model has to be ____25____. It’s now a generally ____26____ fact that the universe’s expansion is speeding up, mainly due to a force called “dark energy.” When I met with Riess, we got to talking about his ____27____. I asked how he insisted that he should be right. He said my question ____28____ him of something that Richard Feynman said about science. “It doesn’t matter how beautiful your theory is. If it doesn’t ____29____ the experiment, it’s wrong.” Adam Riess continued, “I have always had a strong ______30______in the scientific method—you do an experiment to ______31______a hypothesis (假设) and if the data doesn’t fit and you can ______32______ the data, you must change the hypothesis. This is what makes science different and ______33______ of explaining the natural world.” I think we need to ______34______ the way of doing scientific experiments and believe that repeated scientific experiments are an incredibly powerful and logical way to find the ______35______. 21. A. observed B. told C. expected D. imagined 22. A. cracking B. missing C. weakening D. quickening 23. A. excuse B. mistake C. challenge D. difficulty 24. A. reported B. limited C. repeated D. selected 25. A. copied B. destroyed C. protected D. corrected 26. A. shocking B. accepted C. ignored D. promising 27. A. contribution B. concern C. discovery D. curiosity 28. A. reminded B. warned C. informed D. convinced 29. A. end up with B. combine with C. give way to D. agree with 30. A. emotion B. dream C. belief D. suggestion 31. A. create B. test C. change D. finish 32. A. prove B. share C. collect D. improve 33. A. worthy B. sensible C. independent D. capable 34. A. cover B. replace C. value D. discuss 35. A. law B. truth C. standard D. balance 【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了诺贝尔奖获得者亚当·利斯用自己的亲身经历告诉我们要重视做科学实验，并相信重复的科学实验是一种发现真相的重要方式。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在观察一颗遥远恒星发出的光时，利斯观察到，与宇宙膨胀放缓的现有理论相反，它实际上正在加速。A. observed观察到；B. told告诉；C. expected期待；D. imagined想象。根据句中“While looking at light given off from a distant star”可知，利斯在观察一颗遥远恒星发出的光，由此可知，这个发现是他观察到的结果。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在观察一颗遥远恒星发出的光时，利斯观察到，与宇宙膨胀放缓的现有理论相反，它实际上正在加速。A. cracking破裂；B. missing错过；C. weakening削弱；D. quickening加速。根据句中“contrary (相反的) to the existing theory that the universe’s expansion was slowing down”可知，利斯的理论与“宇宙膨胀放缓”相反，由此可知，他认为宇宙膨胀正在加速。故选D项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：利斯说，当他第一次看到这些数据时，他认为这是一个错误，因为它与现有的模型不匹配。A. excuse借口；B. mistake错误；C. challenge挑战；D. difficulty困难。根据句中“since it didn’t match the existing model”可知，利斯的发现与现有的模型不匹配，由此可知，他最初认为这是一个错误。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但经过反复的分析和观察，他最终意识到数据是正确的，模型必须得到纠正。A. reported被报告的；B. limited有限的；C. repeated重复的；D. selected挑选出来的。根据句中“he eventually realized that the data was right”可知，利斯最终意识到数据是正确的，由此可知，为了确认这一结果，经过了反复的分析和观察。故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但经过反复的分析和观察，他最终意识到数据是正确的，模型必须得到纠正。A. copied复制；B. destroyed毁灭；C. protected保护；D. corrected改正。根据句中“he eventually realized that the data was right”可知，利斯最终意识到自己的数据是正确的，由此可知，之前的模型是错误的，必须得到纠正。故选D项。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在一个普遍令人震惊的事实是，宇宙的膨胀正在加速，主要是由于一种叫做“暗能量”的力量驱使。A. shocking令人震惊的；B. accepted公认的；C. ignored被忽视的；D. promising有希望的。根据生活常识可知，新理论“宇宙的膨胀正在加速”是正确的，是公认的。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我见到利斯时，我们开始谈论他的发现。A. contribution贡献；B. concern担心；C. discovery发现；D. curiosity好奇心。根据下文“I asked how he insisted that he should be right.”可知，我问他怎么坚持认为自己是对的，由此可知，我们在谈论他的发现，我问他是怎么坚持想法的。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说我的问题让他想起了理查德·费曼关于科学的一句话。A. reminded使想起；B. warned警告；C. informed通知；D. convinced使相信。根据下文“It doesn’t matter how beautiful your theory is. If it doesn’t _____ the experiment, it’s wrong.”可知，这是理查德·费曼说过的话，由此可知，我的问题让他想起了理查德·费曼的话。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：亚当·利斯继续说道：“你的理论有多美并不重要。如果它与实验不一致，那它就是错误的。”A. end up with以……结束；B. combine with与……结合；C. give way to向……让步；D. agree with与……一致。根据句中“it’s wrong”可知，理论与实验不一致时，理论就是错的，由此可知，如果它与实验不一致，那它就是错误的。故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：亚当·利斯继续说道：“我一直坚信科学方法——你做一个实验来检验一个假设，如果数据不符合，你可以改进数据，你必须改变假设。这就是科学的不同之处，能够解释自然世界。”A. emotion情感；B. dream梦想；C. belief信念；D. suggestion建议。根据上文“he eventually realized that the data was right and that the model has to be _____”可知，理查德·费曼认为模型必须得到纠正，由此可知，“如果假设得不到验证，必须改变假设”是理查德·费曼的信念。故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：亚当·利斯继续说道：“我一直坚信科学方法——你做一个实验来检验一个假设，如果数据不符合，你可以改进数据，你必须改变假设。这就是科学的不同之处，能够解释自然世界。”A. create创造；B. test检验；C. change改变；D. finish完成。根据上文“you do an experiment”可知，做实验的目的是检验一个假设，由此可知，句中指你做一个实验来检验一个假设。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：亚当·利斯继续说道：“我一直坚信科学方法——你做一个实验来检验一个假设，如果数据不符合，你可以证明数据，你必须改变假设。这就是科学的不同之处，能够解释自然世界。”A. prove证明；B. share分享；C. collect收集；D. improve改进。根据句中“if the data doesn’t fit”可知，数据不符合时，我们要证明数据，由此可知，句中指如果数据不符合，你可以证明数据。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：亚当·利斯继续说道：“我一直坚信科学方法——你做一个实验来检验一个假设，如果数据不符合，你可以证明数据，你必须改变假设。这就是科学的不同之处，能够解释自然世界。”A. worthy值得的；B. sensible理智的，合理的；C. independent独立的；D. capable有能力的。根据句中“explaining the natural world”和生活常识可知，科学能够解释自然世界，“capable”意为“有能力的”，符合语境。故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我认为我们需要重视做科学实验的方式，并相信重复的科学实验是一种非常强大和合乎逻辑的发现真相的方式。A. cover覆盖；B. replace替换；C. value重视；D. discuss讨论。根据句中“believe that repeated scientific experiments are an incredibly powerful and logical way”可知，亚当·利斯认为重复的科学实验是一种重要的方式，由此可知，句中指我们需要重视做科学实验的方式。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为我们需要重视做科学实验的方式，并相信重复的科学实验是一种非常强大和合乎逻辑的发现真相的方式。A. law法律；B. truth真相；C. standard标准；D. balance平衡。根据句中“repeated scientific experiments”和生活常识可知，重复的科学实验是为了发现真相，由此可知，重复的科学实验是一种非常强大和合乎逻辑的发现真相的方式。故选B项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As the Chinese calendar ushered in (迎来) layue, the 12th month, preparations for the Chinese New Year began in earnest. In Tantou, a charming old town in Hunan province, this season is marked by the ____36____ (create) and display of colorful nianhua, or New Year paintings. It is a key part of the community’s culture, ____37____ (believe) to drive away misfortune and invite prosperity for the coming year. Tantou nianhua, ____38____ a history of more than three centuries, are famous across China for their radiant colors and expressive designs. ____39____ makes Tantou nianhua truly exceptional is the comprehensive local production process. Every step, from papermaking to the finished artwork, ____40____ (complete) in the town. The process begins with strong paper made from local bamboo. At its heart lies woodblock carving, ____41____ step that demands great skill and employs the distinctive “steep knife upright line” technique. Then comes printing. Separate blocks are used for printing bright colors, ____42____ are then applied layer by layer. Finally, black outlines are printed, and fine details like eyes and mouths are painted by hand, bringing each piece ____43____ (vivid) to life. More than just art, Tantou nianhua represents a practical aesthetic (美感) born from the lives and hopes of ordinary people. This ____44____ (value) tradition now actively passes on its lively spirit to younger generations. In the years ahead, its vibrant colors and stories will remain relevant, _____45_____ (keep) the past meaningfully alive throughout China. 【答案】36. creation 37. believed 38. with 39. What 40. is completed 41. a 42. which 43. vividly 44. valuable 45. keeping 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了进入腊月，湖南滩头的木版年画开始制作与展示。它有三百多年历史，工艺独特、全流程本地完成，是珍贵的传统，承载着人们的美好祈愿，如今正传承给年轻一代。 【36题详解】 考查名词。句意：在湖南省的一个美丽古镇滩头，这个季节的特色是创作并展示色彩斑斓的“年画”。作介词的宾语，用名词creation。故填creation。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这是该社区文化中重要的一部分，人们认为它能够驱散厄运、为来年带来繁荣。此处believe与a key part构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语，故填believed。 【38题详解】 考查介词。句意：滩头年画已有三百多年的历史，因其鲜艳的色彩和生动的图案而在全中国享有盛誉。短语with a history of表示“有着……的历史”。故填with。 【39题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：让滩头年画真正独具特色的是其完整的本地制作流程。引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，故用what，首字母大写。故填What。 【40题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：从造纸到最终成品的制作，每一个环节都在这个小镇上完成。主语Every step与谓语构成被动关系，且陈述事实用一般现在时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填is completed。 【41题详解】 考查冠词。句意：其核心便是木版雕刻，这一工序要求极高的技艺，并采用了独具特色的“直立斜刀线条”技法。此处step为泛指，且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：用于印刷鲜艳色彩的单独印版会被依次使用，然后一层一层地进行印刷。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词blocks，在从句作主语，指物，故填which。 【43题详解】 考查副词。句意：最后，会打印出黑色的轮廓线，然后由人工绘制出诸如眼睛和嘴巴等精细的细节，从而使每一件作品都栩栩如生。修饰动词bring用副词vividly。故填vividly。 【44题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这一宝贵的传统如今正积极地将其鲜活的精神传递给新一代。修饰名词tradition作定语，用形容词valuable。故填valuable。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在未来几年里，其鲜艳的色彩和动人故事仍将具有重要意义，让那段历史在全中国范围内得以长久地传承下去并保持鲜活。此处keep与上文句子构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填keeping。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，上周用急救知识帮助了手被烫伤的同学。请你用英语写一篇短文向你校英文报健康专栏投稿，内容包括： 1. 你施救的经过；2. 你的感悟。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 First Aid Knowledge Matters! ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文 First Aid Knowledge Matters! As a student, I never fully realized the importance of first aid until last week, when an incident in our school cafeteria brought its value into sharp focus. When my classmate spilled hot soup on his hand, I calmly guided him to the washroom. Following our first aid training, I had him hold the burn under cool running water for a full ten minutes. After gently drying it, I reminded him not to touch any blisters. We then visited the school clinic together. First aid knowledge transforms ordinary bystanders into capable first responders during an emergency. It’s not just about techniques — it’s about readiness, compassion, and building a safer community. I strongly encourage every student to learn these vital skills, because helping each other starts with knowing how. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的名义就自己上周用急救知识帮助手被烫伤的同学一事写一篇短文向校英文报健康专栏投稿。 【详解】1.词汇积累 重要性：importance→significance 同理心：compassion→empathy 重要的：vital→essential 意识到：realize→be aware of 2.句式拓展 合并句子 原句：After gently drying it, I reminded him not to touch any blisters. We then visited the school clinic together. 拓展句：Having gently dried it, I reminded him not to touch any blisters, after which we visited the school clinic together. 【点睛】【高分句型1】As a student, I never fully realized the importance of first aid until last week, when an incident in our school cafeteria brought its value into sharp focus.（运用了when引导定语从句） 【高分句型2】Following our first aid training, I had him hold the burn under cool running water for a full ten minutes. （运用了现在分词following作状语） 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The familiar smell of garlic and onion filled the air as I opened my lunch bag to see what my mom had packed for me. On any other occasion, I would have been delighted to eat my mom’s fried tofu: a Chinese dish that I often ate for dinner. But not today, the day a nice girl had invited me, the new girl at school, to sit with her friends during lunch. “Emma, over here!” My new friend was waving her arms, trying to get my attention. As I prepared to walk over to the table, memories of elementary and middle school lunchtimes came back. I remembered my embarrassment as my friends would hold their noses when I brought homemade Chinese food. I remembered how my embarrassment changed to anger when I complained about the smell to my mom. I had argued with my mom that I wanted “normal” food for lunch. I remembered the look on my mom’s face, a mix between disappointment and confusion. But I was determined and she gave in. So for the rest days of middle school, my mom packed odorless (没有气味的), non-Chinese food like ham and cheese sandwiches. However, that day, she was in a rush and packed me leftovers(剩菜) from dinner. As soon as I got to my new lunch table, I tried to hide my lunch bag down under my seat. I sat quietly, trying not to be noticed when Katrina, a newly met girl, asked where my food was. “I’m not really hungry,” I replied in an insecure voice. But Katrina had already seen me carry my lunch so she spoke out, “Then, I’ll eat it!” The other girls laughed — clearly Katrina was known to be a big eater. I didn’t want to be rude to a potentially new friend so I reluctantly(不情愿地) dragged out my lunch bag. The moment I opened my lunch box, I could practically taste the garlic and onion. The girls, piqued (激起好奇心) by the smell in the air, all curiously looked at the oval-shaped lunch box. I expected an “Ew” or a “What is that?” 注意： 1.续写词数应150左右; 2.请按如下格式相应位置作答。 I thought they would walk away or tell me to leave. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ When I arrived home, my mom asked how my day went. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 I thought they would walk away or tell me to leave. What I did not expect was that Katrina immediately grabbed a small piece of tofu and ate it. And I most certainly did not expect her to encourage the rest of the table to try my lunch. My new friends were going on about how lucky I was that my mom took the time to prepare a cooked meal for me. They were surprised by the fact that tofu could actually taste good. While I didn’t get to eat any of my mom’s fried tofu, I was full of pride and gratitude. When I arrived home, my mom asked how my day went. Answering with a simple “Good,” I pulled out my lunch box from my bag. “I’m sorry, but I didn’t have time to buy bread or ham yesterday.” But when she noticed that the container was empty, she hesitated before asking “How was the food?” I paused a moment before I replied, “Perfect, mom. If it’s not too much trouble, can I still have fried tofu for lunch tomorrow?” (161 words) 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述了新学生Emma因担心妈妈准备的中式午餐（炸豆腐）气味大，而在新朋友面前感到尴尬，试图隐藏午餐却最终被发现的经历。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我以为她们会走开——也会把我赶走。”可知，第一段可描写发生了作者意想不到的事情——同学们很喜欢煎豆腐。 ②由第二段首句内容“当我回到家，妈妈问我今天过得怎么样。”可知，第二段可描述作者告诉妈妈新同学都喜欢煎豆腐，并要求妈妈再次做这道菜。 2.续写线索：猜想同学们会离开——同学们品尝煎豆腐——对煎豆腐称赞有加——妈妈询问学校生活——看到饭盒里的食物被吃完——告诉妈妈真相——请求妈妈再次做煎豆腐 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①鼓励：encourage/inspire ②回答：answer/reply/respond ③购买：buy/purchase 情绪类 ①惊讶的：surprised/astonished ②感激：gratitude/appreciation 【点睛】【高分句型1】They were surprised by the fact that tofu could actually taste good.(运用that引导同位语从句) 【高分句型2】But when she noticed that the container was empty, she hesitated before asking, “How was the food?”(运用when引导时间状语从句和that引导宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $