寒假语法作文Unit 7讲义 2025-2026学年沪教版八年级英语下册

八年级下册学习1 学生 日期 2026.2.5 时间 7-9 课题 八年级下册U7 学习（沪教新版） 语法+作文专项练习 一、八年级下册U7 重点语法：过去进行时（The past continuous） 知识点 1：基本结构与用法 规则：过去进行时用于描述过去某个特定时间正在发生的动作。 · 结构：was /were + 动词 -ing 形式 · I/He/She/It + was (not) + doing · You/We/They + were (not) + doing · 例句： 2. We were waiting for instructions from ground control.（我们当时正在等待地面控制中心的指令。） 2. At first, it was a shock to my body. I wasn't feeling great.（起初，这对我的身体是个冲击。我感觉不太好。） 配套选择题（3 题） 1. I ______ TV when the phone rang. A. watch B. watched C. was watching D. were watching 2.They ______ basketball at 4 o'clock yesterday afternoon. A. play B. played C. was playing D. were playing 3.She ______ a book while her brother ______ computer games. A. read; played B. was reading; was playing C. reads; plays D. is reading; is playing 知识点 2：与 while 连用（描述同时发生的动作） 规则：while 常与过去进行时连用，表示过去两个动作同时进行。 · 结构：While + 主语 + was/were doing, 主语 + was/were doing... · 例句： · While we were travelling into space, ground control was following us closely on the screens.（当我们进入太空时，地面控制中心正通过屏幕密切跟踪我们。） 配套选择题（3 题） 1. While I ______ my homework, my mother ______ in the kitchen. A. did; cooked B. was doing; was cooking C. do; cook D. am doing; is cooking 2.The students ______ quietly while the teacher ______ on the blackboard. A. were reading; was writing B. read; wrote C. are reading; is writing D. read; was writing 3.What ______ you ______ while I ______ to the radio? A. are; doing; listened B. were; doing; was listening C. do; do; listen D. did; do; listened 知识点 3：一般疑问句与回答 规则： 一般疑问句：将 was / were 提到句首。 0. Was he sleeping at eight o'clock last night? 回答： 肯定：Yes, 主语 + was /were. 否定：No, 主语 + was not /wasn't /were not /weren't. 配套选择题（3 题） 1. — ______ you ______ to music at 9 last night?— No, I wasn't. I was reading a book. A. Are; listening B. Were; listening C. Did; listen D. Do; listen 2.— Was she writing a letter when you called?— Yes, ______. A. she was B. she is C. she did D. she does 3.— Were they playing football at that time?— No, ______. A. they weren't B. they didn't C. they aren't D. they don't 二、语法综合练习 第 1 题：单项选择题（15 题） 1. What ______ you ______ at 7 o'clock yesterday morning? A. are; doing  B. were; doing  C. did; do  D. do; do 2. I ______ a shower when the rain started. A. took  B. was taking  C. take  D. am taking 3. They ______ in the garden when it began to rain. A. work  B. worked  C. were working  D. are working 4. My father ______ a newspaper while my mother ______ dinner. A. read; cooked  B. was reading; was cooking  C. reads; cooks  D. is reading; is cooking 5. The children ______ happily when the teacher came in. A. play  B. played  C. were playing  D. are playing 6. I ______ my bike when I fell off and hurt my leg. A. rode  B. was riding  C. ride  D. am riding 7. — What was your brother doing at this time yesterday? — He ______ to the radio. A. listened  B. was listening  C. listens  D. is listening 8. While we ______ to the party, we met our old friend. A. walk  B. walked  C. were walking  D. are walking 9. She ______ a dress when she cut her finger. A. made  B. is making  C. was making  D. makes 10. The students ______ an English class from 8 to 9 yesterday morning. A. had  B. have  C. were having  D. are having 11. — Were you playing computer games at 10 last night? — No, I ______. I was doing my homework. A. wasn't  B. weren't  C. didn't  D. don't 12. My brother ______ while he ______ his bicycle and broke his arm. A. fell; was riding  B. was falling; rode  C. fell; rode  D. was falling; was riding 13. When the bell rang, the students ______ out of the classroom. A. run  B. ran  C. were running  D. are running 14. I ______ my homework at 8 last night. A. do  B. did  C. was doing  D. am doing 15. While my sister ______, I ______ a kite. A. was singing; was flying  B. sang; flew  C. sings; flies  D. is singing; is flying 其它时态题目练习 ✅ 六大时态全覆盖 · 一般现在时（Simple Present） · 一般过去时（Simple Past） · 一般将来时（Simple Future / be going to / will） · 现在进行时（Present Continuous） · 过去进行时（Past Continuous） · 现在完成时（Present Perfect） 1. What ______ you ______ at 7 o'clock yesterday morning? A. are; doing  B. were; doing  C. did; do  D. do; do 2. I ______ a shower when the rain started. A. took  B. was taking  C. take  D. am taking 3. They ______ in the garden when it began to rain. A. work  B. worked  C. were working  D. are working 4. My father ______ a newspaper while my mother ______ dinner. A. read; cooked  B. was reading; was cooking  C. reads; cooks  D. is reading; is cooking 5. The children ______ happily when the teacher came in. A. play  B. played  C. were playing  D. are playing 6. I ______ my bike when I fell off and hurt my leg. A. rode  B. was riding  C. ride  D. am riding 7. — What was your brother doing at this time yesterday? — He ______ to the radio. A. listened  B. was listening  C. listens  D. is listening 8. While we ______ to the party, we met our old friend. A. walk  B. walked  C. were walking  D. are walking 9. She ______ a dress when she cut her finger. A. made  B. is making  C. was making  D. makes 10. The students ______ an English class from 8 to 9 yesterday morning. A. had  B. have  C. were having  D. are having 11. — Were you playing computer games at 10 last night? — No, I ______. I was doing my homework. A. wasn't  B. weren't  C. didn't  D. don't 12. My brother ______ while he ______ his bicycle and broke his arm. A. fell; was riding  B. was falling; rode  C. fell; rode  D. was falling; was riding 13. When the bell rang, the students ______ out of the classroom. A. run  B. ran  C. were running  D. are running 14. I ______ my homework at 8 last night. A. do  B. did  C. was doing  D. am doing 15. While my sister ______, I ______ a kite. A. was singing; was flying  B. sang; flew  C. sings; flies  D. is singing; is flying 第 2 题：填空题（10 题） 1. We ______ (travel) to space when the crash happened. 2. While I ______ (read) a book, my brother ______ (play) computer games. 3. What ______ you ______ (do) at 9 o'clock last night? 4. The satellites ______ (move) towards each other when they crashed. 5. She ______ (not watch) TV when I called her. She was doing her homework. 6. While we ______ (wait) for the bus, it started to rain. 7. The teacher ______ (talk) to the students when the bell rang. 8. They ______ (have) a party from 7 to 10 last night. 9. — Was he writing a letter at that time?— Yes, he ______. 10. — Were you playing football at 4 yesterday afternoon?— No, we ______. We were playing basketball. 第 3 题：句子改写（10 题） 1． I watched TV last night.（用 at 8 o'clock 改写为过去进行时） 2． He played basketball yesterday afternoon.（用 while I was doing my homework 改写） 3． They were having dinner when I arrived.（改为一般疑问句并作否定回答） 4． She was reading a novel at that time.（对划线部分提问） 5． We were waiting for the bus when it started to rain.（对划线部分提问） 6． The children were playing in the park.（改为否定句） 7． My father was repairing the car while my mother was cooking.（对划线部分提问） 8． I was doing my homework at 9 last night.（改为同义句） 9． They were listening to the radio.（改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答） 10． The students were talking loudly when the teacher came in.（对划线部分提问） 三、作文指导：写一篇关于中国宇航员的文章 写作思路（5 步模板） 表格 步骤 关键内容 例句 ① 引入人物 介绍人物身份和地位 Nie Haisheng is a famous Chinese astronaut. He is one of the most experienced astronauts in China. ② 早年经历 描述童年梦想和努力 When he was little, he loved planes and dreamed of flying. He studied hard to make his dream come true. ③ 航天生涯 按时间顺序列举重要任务 In 1998, he was selected for the Chinese spaceflight programme. He has been on several space missions, including Shenzhou-6, Shenzhou-10 and Shenzhou-12. ④ 成就与荣誉 强调贡献和获得的荣誉 He was given the title "Heroic Astronaut". The asteroid 9517 Nie Haisheng was named after him. ⑤ 精神品质 总结其精神和激励意义 "I've never given up, and I'm always ready to face the next challenge," said Nie. His spirit inspires many young people. 好词好句 · 人物介绍：... is a famous Chinese astronaut. / He is one of the most experienced... · 早年经历：When he was little, he loved... / He dreamed of... / He studied hard to... · 航天生涯：In..., he was selected for... / He has been on several space missions, including... / He celebrated his 41st birthday in space. · 成就荣誉：He was given the title... / The asteroid... was named after him. · 精神品质："I've never given up, and I'm always ready to face the next challenge." / His spirit inspires... · 高分句型：Nie Haisheng's journey shows us that with hard work and determination, any dream can come true. / He is a true hero who represents the spirit of China's space programme. 提升作文的小技巧 1. 使用时间线：按时间顺序组织材料，让文章条理清晰。 2. 引用名言：直接引用人物的话语，增强文章的真实性和感染力。 3. 运用过去进行时：在描述任务中的场景时，如 While other children were playing, Nie was studying hard，提升语法层次。 4. 加入细节：描述在太空庆祝生日等独特经历，让文章更生动。 优秀范文（3 篇，每篇约 100 词） 范文 1： Nie Haisheng: a heroic astronaut Nie Haisheng is a famous Chinese astronaut. When he was little, he loved planes and dreamed of flying. While other children were playing, he was studying hard to make his dream come true. In 1998, he was selected for the Chinese spaceflight programme. He has been on several missions, including Shenzhou-6 and Shenzhou-12. He was given the title "Heroic Astronaut". His spirit inspires us all. 范文 2： Wang Yaping: reaching for the stars Wang Yaping is a remarkable Chinese astronaut. She was the first Chinese woman to live in the Tiangong space station. While she was growing up, she was always interested in science and space. She worked very hard and was selected to be an astronaut. She has given lectures to students from space, inspiring a new generation. She is a role model for young people everywhere. 范文 3： Yang Liwei: the first Chinese man in space Yang Liwei made history as the first Chinese man to travel into space. On 15 October 2003, he was launched into space aboard Shenzhou-5. While he was orbiting the Earth, he was busy conducting experiments and taking photos. His mission was a great success and marked a new chapter in China's space programme. He is a national hero and a source of pride for all Chinese people. 四、课后作业 一．语法填空。 A Russian satellite and an American satellite ①______ (crash) into each other on 11 February 2009. The crash ②______ (create) two large clouds of junk. The American satellite ③______ (belong) to a company, and the Russian one was a broken old military satellite. When the crash happened, both satellites ④______ (travel) very fast. Although space agencies ⑤______ (track) all objects larger than a football, they didn't notice that the two satellites ⑥______ (move) towards each other. 二．语法选择。 Life in space is very different from life on Earth. When we ①______ outside, we have to move very carefully. We can't afford to make any mistakes, so it can be stressful sometimes. However, it is an amazing experience to go outside the space station in a spacesuit. When I first arrived in space, I ②______ a shock to my body. I ③______ great. However, I soon adjusted and felt better. At last, we reached the space station — my new home for a while. Let me tell you what life is like in space. Eating in space used to be a worry. But in fact, we can choose from many types of food. While we ④______, everything floats, including us! So simple tasks seem harder and take longer to do. Exercise is an important part of our daily routine. When we live in space, we start losing muscle. If we do not exercise, we will be very weak when we return to Earth. Luckily, we have a small gym on the space station to help us stay fit. 1. A. go B. went C. are going D. were going 2. A. am B. was C. were D. is 3. A. wasn't feeling B. didn't feel C. don't feel D. haven't felt 4. A. eat B. ate C. are eating D. were eating 三．阅读理解（2 篇，每篇约 350 词） 阅读 1：Life in space It was the proudest moment of my life. We were waiting for instructions from ground control. The minutes seemed like hours. Finally, we took off. We were travelling so fast—it only took about 10 minutes to get into orbit. At first, it was a shock to my body. I wasn't feeling great. However, I soon adjusted and felt better. At last, we reached the space station — my new home for a while. Let me tell you what life is like in space. Eating in space I used to worry about the food in space. But in fact we can choose from many types of food, such as fruit, nuts, chicken, beef and seafood. We have different types of tea, juice and soup as well. It turns out that eating can be a pleasure in space too! Working in space We are very busy every day. Being an astronaut is hard because you do not experience gravity when you are in orbit. Everything floats, including you, so simple tasks seem harder and take longer to do. When we go outside, we have to move very carefully. We can't afford to make any mistakes, so it can be stressful sometimes. However, it is an amazing experience to go outside the space station in a spacesuit. The view of the Earth is great! Sleeping in space Just like on Earth, I go to bed at a certain time. However, I sleep in a sleeping bag in a small room, and I have to stick my sleeping bag to the wall. This stops me from floating around the room and hitting something by mistake! Exercising in space Exercise is an important part of our daily routine in space. When we live in space, we start losing muscle. Exercise can slow down the muscle loss. If we do not exercise, we will be very weak when we return to the Earth. Luckily, we have a small gym on the space station to help us stay fit. However, the exercise equipment is very different from what we use on Earth. 题目 1. How long did it take to get into orbit? A. About 10 minutes B. About an hour C. Several hours D. A whole day 2. What does the writer sleep in while in space? A. A bed B. A sleeping bag C. A chair D. The floor 3. Why is exercise important in space? A. Because it is fun. B. Because it helps to slow down muscle loss. C. Because there is nothing else to do. D. Because it is required by the mission. 4. What is the problem with simple tasks in space? A. They are boring. B. They take longer to do because everything floats. C. They are too easy. D. They require special training. 5. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The writer's experience of living and working in space. B. The history of China's space programme. C. The dangers of space travel. D. The future of space exploration. 阅读 2：Nie Haisheng: a heroic astronaut Nie Haisheng was born in October 1964. When he was little, he loved planes and often dreamed of flying. While other children were playing, Nie was studying hard. He was determined to make his dream come true. "I've never given up, and I'm always ready to face the next challenge," said Nie. In 1998, Nie was selected for the Chinese spaceflight programme. On 12 October 2005, he finally went on his first space flight in the Shenzhou-6 spacecraft. Although the mission only lasted for 5 days, he enjoyed the flight a lot. On 17 October 2005, he celebrated his 41st birthday in space. Nie has been on several space missions. On 11 June 2013, he commanded the Shenzhou-10 mission. Then, on 26 June 2013, he returned to Earth. On 17 June 2021, Nie went to space again aboard the Shenzhou-12 spacecraft. He was one of the first three astronauts on the Tiangong space station. Nie Haisheng has received many honours and titles. He was given the title "Heroic Astronaut". The asteroid 9517 Nie Haisheng was named after him. He is a true hero and an inspiration to all of us. 题目 1. When was Nie Haisheng born? A. October 1964 B. October 1965 C. October 1963 D. October 1966 2. What was Nie doing while other children were playing? A. He was playing too. B. He was studying hard. C. He was sleeping. D. He was watching TV. 3. When did Nie celebrate his 41st birthday in space? A. 2005 B. 2013 C. 2021 D. 2003 4. Which mission was Nie the commander of? A. Shenzhou-6 B. Shenzhou-10 C. Shenzhou-12 D. Tiangong-1 5. What is the main message of the passage? A. Nie Haisheng is a heroic astronaut who has made great contributions to China's space programme. B. Space travel is very dangerous. C. It is easy to become an astronaut. D. Nie Haisheng is the only Chinese astronaut. 五、参考答案。 一、重点语法配套选择题答案 · 知识点 1：1.C 2.D 3.B · 知识点 2：1.A 2.A 3.B · 知识点 3：1.B 2.A 3.A 二、语法综合练习答案 · 第 1 题：1.B 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.C 6.B 7.B 8.C 9.C 10.C 11.A 12.A 13.C 14.C 15.A · 第 2 题：1.were travelling 2.was reading; was playing 3.were; doing 4.were moving 5.wasn't watching 6.were waiting 7.was talking 8.were having 9.was 10.weren't · 第 3 题：1.I was watching TV at 8 o'clock last night. 2.While I was doing my homework, he was playing basketball. 3.Were they having dinner when you arrived? No, they weren't. 4.What was she reading at that time? 5.What were you doing when it started to rain? 6.The children weren't playing in the park. 7.What was your father doing while your mother was cooking? 8.At 9 last night, I was doing my homework. 9.Were they listening to the radio? Yes, they were. 10.What were the students doing when the teacher came in? 四、课后作业答案 · 作业 1：1.B 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.C 6.C 7.C 8.C 9.C 10.C 11.C 12.C 13.C 14.C 15.C · 作业 2：1.A 2.B 3.A 4.D 5.D 6.D 7.D 8.A 9.A 10.A · 作业 3：阅读 1：1.A 2.B 3.B 4.B 5.A；阅读 2：1.A 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.A 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $