Unit1语法讲解及习题：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格 2025-2026学年北师大版七年级英语上册

北师大版英语七上Unit1语法讲解及习题 人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格 一、人称代词与物主代词 1. 概念 人称代词：用来代替人或事物的代词。 物主代词：表示所属关系，意思是“……的”。 2. 完整分类表格 人称 主格 （作主语） 宾格 （作宾语） 形容词性物主代词 （后必须+名词） 名词性物主代词 （单独使用，后无名词） 我 I me my mine 你 you you your yours 他 he him his his 她 she her her hers 它 it it its its 我们 we us our ours 你们 you you your yours 他们/她们/它们 they them their theirs 3. 用法详细讲解 （1）主格 放在动词前，在句中作主语。 例句： I am a student. She is a teacher. They are my friends. （2）宾格 放在动词或介词后面，在句中作宾语。 例句： I love her. Please help me. The book is for him. （3）形容词性物主代词（形物代） 后面必须加名词，不能单独使用。 例句： This is my pen. His father is a doctor. Their classroom is big. （4）名词性物主代词（名物代） 后面绝对不加名词，含义 = 形容词性物主代词 + 名词。 例句： This pen is mine.= This pen is my pen. That bag is hers.= That bag is her bag. These books are ours.= These books are our books. 4. Your Discovery 总结 主格人称代词在句子中作主语。 宾格人称代词在句子中作宾语，用在动词或介词之后。 形容词性物主代词后面必须跟名词，表示所属关系。 名词性物主代词可以单独使用，后面不跟名词。 作用：用来指代人或事物，并且表示所属关系。 二、指示代词 this / that / these / those 1. 用法 this 这（近处，单数） that 那（远处，单数） these 这些（近处，复数） those 那些（远处，复数） 2. 例句 This is my mother. That is my uncle. These are my classmates. Those are my toys. 3. 电话用语 This is … speaking. 我是…… Who’s that? 你是谁？ 三、名词所有格 1. 作用 表示所属关系，意思是“……的”。 2. 基本构成规则 （1）单数名词 直接在词尾 + ’s 例句：my father’s car, the boy’s bag, grandma’s room （2）复数名词（以s结尾） 只在词尾 + ’ 例句：the teachers’ office, my parents’ room, the students’ books （3）复数名词（不以s结尾） 在词尾 + ’s 例句：children’s toys, women’s clothes, men’s room 3. 两者共有 vs 分别拥有 （1）两者共有一样东西 只在最后一个名词后加 ’s 例句：Lucy and Lily’s room （两人共有的房间） （2）两者分别拥有 两个名词都加 ’s 例句：Lucy’s and Lily’s rooms （两人各自的房间） 4. 无生命名词所有格 无生命的物体不用 ’s，用 of 例句： the door of the room 房间的门 a photo of my family 一张全家福 5. Your Discovery 总结（中文） 名词所有格用来表示所属关系。 单数名词：+ ’s 以s结尾的复数名词：+ ’ 不以s结尾的复数名词：+ ’s 共有：最后一个词加’s 分别拥有：两个词都加’s 无生命名词所有格：用 of。 四、综合练习题 （一）用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. ____________ (I) am a student. ____________ (I) book is new. 2. This is ____________ (she) ruler. That ruler is ____________ (she), too. 3. ____________ (he) is my brother. I like ____________ (he) very much. 4. These are ____________ (we) friends. ____________ (we) love them. 5. This is not ____________ (you) pen. ____________ (you) is red. 6. The dog is lovely. ____________ (it) tail is short. 7. — Is this ____________ (they) classroom? — Yes, it’s ____________ (they). 8. This is ____________ (Mike) bag. That is ____________ (his sister) bag. 9. Those are ____________ (the student) books. 10. The ____________ (child) toys are on the desk. （二）用 this / that / these / those 填空 1. ____________ is my mother. ____________ is my aunt over there. 2. ____________ are my pens. ____________ are yours. 3. Hello! ____________ is Tom speaking. Who is ____________? 4. Look! ____________ is a tree. ____________ are flowers. 5. ____________ is my school. ____________ are my classrooms. （三）写出下列名词的所有格形式 1. teacher ______________ 2. parents ______________ 3. children ______________ 4. Lily and Lucy（共有） ______________ 5. Lily and Lucy（分别拥有） ______________ （四）单项选择 1. This is ____________ sister. ____________ is 12. A. my; She B. me; Her C. I; She 2. — Is this your pen? — Yes, it’s ____________. A. my B. mine C. me 3. That is ____________ book. A. he B. him C. his 4. These are ____________ desks. A. our B. ours C. we 5. The bag is ____________. A. her B. hers C. she 6. This is ____________ room. A. Lucy’s B. Lucy C. Lucys’ 7. Those are the ____________ bags. A. students B. students’ C. student’s 8. ____________ is my uncle. A. This B. These C. Those 9. I love ____________ cooking. A. grandma B. grandma’s C. grandmas 10. These books are ____________. A. their B. theirs C. them （五）句型转换 1. This is my book.（同义句） This book ____________ ____________. 2. That is her ruler.（同义句） That ruler ____________ ____________. 3. These are their toys.（同义句） These toys ____________ ____________. 4. This is Tom’s bag.（对划线部分提问） ____________ bag is this? 5. I like my father’s car.（对划线部分提问） ____________ car do you like? 五、答案与详细解析 （一）用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. I; My 2. her; hers 3. He; him 4. our; We 5. your; Yours 6. Its 7. their; theirs 8. Mike’s; his sister’s 9. students’ 10. children’s （二）用 this / that / these / those 填空 1. This; That 2. These; Those 3. This; that 4. That; Those 5. This; These （三）写出所有格形式 1. teacher’s 2. parents’ 3. children’s 4. Lily and Lucy’s 5. Lily’s and Lucy’s （四）单项选择 1.A 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.B 6.A 7.B 8.A 9.B 10.B （五）句型转换 1. is mine 2. is hers 3. are theirs 4. Whose 5. Whose ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $