Unit 10 The Future World-2025-2026学年八年级下册英语词汇变形及词缀精讲（教科版）

8年级下册教科版 【寒假专版】 ，E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 寒假专版 【Unit 10】The Future World 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 disagree/.dsa'gri:/v.不同意：knowledge/'nol1dsn.知识；学traffic/'traefik/n.交通：交通量 有分歧；争执 问：知晓 jam/d3m/n.果酱；堵塞v.堵 pale /per/adj.苍白的；浅色的；modern/'mpdn/ad.现代的：当塞：挤满；卡住 暗淡的V.变苍白：失色 代的：新式的 violence/'varalans/n.暴力：暴 fingerprint/fugaprmt/n.指纹：cure /kjoa()/v.治愈；治好；矫行；猛烈 手印 正n.治愈：疗法；对策 get rid of/get rid Dv/短语摆脱： stupid/stju:prd/ad.愚蠢的：迟technology /tek'nplad3i/n.技术；除去：处理掉 钝的；无聊的 科技 transportation transpo:'terfn/ take over /terk'Uvar/短语接manage/'maenid3/v.管理；经n.运输：运输系统：交通工具 管：接收；接任 营；设法做到 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.disagree/.ds3'gri:/v.不同意；有分歧：争执 词汇变形 反义词：agree(同意，v.) 名词形式：disagreement(分歧，n.) 构词解析 前缀dis-:表“否定、相反”，加在动词agree前构成反义词disagree。 同类词：dislike(不喜欢)、disappear(消失) 例句：They disagree on which movie to watch tonight.. 真题链接（教科版八年级下册同步练习）：My parents often_(agree)with each other about my study. (答案：disagree) 2.pale /perl/adj.苍白的：浅色的；暗淡的v.变苍白；失色 词汇变形 比较级：paler;最高级：palest 副词形式：pale ly(苍白地) 构词解析 形容词加-er/-est构成比较级和最高级：加ly构成副词。 8年级下册教科版 【寒假专版】 E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 例句：Her face turned pale when she heard the bad news. 真题链接（教科版八年级下册教材例句）：He looked pale and tired after the long journey.. 3.modern/'mpdn/adj.现代的：当代的：新式的 词汇变形 名词形式：modernity(现代性，n.) 反义词：ancient(古代的，adj.) 构词解析 后缀-em:构成形容词，表“…的”，如modern(现代的)、eastern(东方的)。 例句：This museum shows many modern artworks. 真题链接（教科版八年级下册同步练习）：_(modern)technology has changed our life a lot.(答案： Modern) 4.cure /kj5ar)/v.治愈：治好：矫正n.治愈：疗法：对策 词汇变形 形容词形式：curable(可治愈的)、incurable(不可治愈的) 构词解析 后缀-able:加在动词后，表“可…的”；否定前缀in-构成incurable。 例句：The doctor cured his illness with traditional Chinese medicine.. 真题链接（教科版八年级下册同步练习）：This new medicine can_(cure)many kinds of diseases.(答 案：cure) 5.manage/maenId3/v.管理：经营；设法做到 词汇变形 名词形式：manager(经理，n.)、management（管理，n.) 构词解析 后缀-er:加在动词后表“从事…的人”；-ment:构成名词，表“行为、过程”。 例句：She managed to finish the work on time. 真题链接（教科版八年级下册同步练习）：The_(manage)of the company will give a speech tomorrow. (答案：manager) 6.violence/'varalans/n.暴力：暴行；猛烈 词汇变形 形容词形式：violent(暴力的，adj.) 副词形式：violently(猛烈地，adv.) 构词解析 后缀-ence:构成名词：-ent:构成形容词：-ly:构成副词。 例句：We should say no to violence in our daily life. 真题链接（教科版八年级下册教材例句）：The storm hit the village violently last night.. 7.t女r ansportation/.traensp:'teIn/n.运输；运输系统：交通工具 词汇变形 2 8年级下册教科版 【寒假专版】 ,E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 动词形式：transport(运输，V.) 构词解析 前缀trans-:表“越过、穿过”；后缀-ation:构成名词，表“动作、过程”。 例句：Air transportation is the fastest way to travel. 真题链接（教科版八年级下册同步练习）：We need to_(transportation)the goods to the city by train, (答案：transport) 8.stupid/'stju:pId/adj..愚蠢的；迟钝的：无聊的 词汇变形 名词形式：stupidity(愚蠢，n.) 副词形式：stupidly(愚蠢地，adv.) 构词解析 后缀-ity:加在形容词后构成抽象名词；y:构成副词。 例句：It's stupid to play in the rain without an umbrella. 真题链接（教科版八年级下册同步练习）：He acted_(stupid)and made a big mistake.(答案：stupidly) 9.knowledge/'nold3yn.知识：学问；知晓 词汇变形 形容词形式：knowledgeable(知识渊博的，adj.) 构词解析 后缀-able:加在名词knowledge后，表“具有…的”。 例句：Reading books can increase our knowledge 真题链接（教科版八年级下册同步练习）：Our teacher is very_knowledge)about history.(答案： knowledgeable) l0.technology/tek'nplad3i/n.技术；科技 词汇变形 形容词形式：technological(技术的，adj.) 构词解析 后缀logy:表“学科、学问”；-ical:构成形容词。 例句：Modern technology has improved our living conditions, 真题链接（教科版八年级下册教材例句）：We should learn more about technological development. 11.traffic/'traefik/n.交通；交通量 词汇变形 形容词形式：traffic jamed(交通堵塞的，复合形容词) 构词解析 “名词+过去分词”构成复合形容词，如traffic-jamed（交通堵塞的)。 例句：There is heavy traffic on the road during rush hour.. 真题链接（教科版八年级下册同步练习）：We were late because of the_(traffic)jam.(答案：traffic) 12.jam/d3em/n.果酱：堵塞v.堵塞：挤满；卡住 8年级下册教科版 【寒假专版】E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 词汇变形 过去式/过去分词：jammed:现在分词：jamming 构词解析 动词变过去式/分词时，重读闭音节结尾双写尾字母加-ed-ing。 例句：The door jammed and we couldn't open it. 真题链接（教科版八年级下册同步练习）：The streets are_(jam)with cars on weekends.(答案： jammed) 综合训练 一、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The two friends had a big()about where to go for vacation. 2.The doctor found a new()for this kind of disease. 3.With the development of()our life is becoming more convenient. 4.There was a lot of()on the highway during the holiday. 5.We should learn to solve problems with reason,not_() 6.His face turned_(苍白的)when he heard the terrible news.. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.My parents often(agree)with each other on small things. 2.The(manage)of the hotel greeted us warmly at the door. 3.This new medicine can make many diseases_(cure) 4.She acted(stupid)by trusting the stranger easily. 5.The storm hit the city(violent)last night 6.Our teacher is very_(knowledge)about Chinese history. 7.We need to(transportation)the books to the school library. 三、完成句子（每空一词） 1.现代科技已经极大地改变了我们的生活。 has changed our life greatly. 8年级下册教科版 【寒假专版】 ,E版词汇变形及词缀精讲 2.她设法按时完成了所有的作业。 She finish all the homework on time. 3.医生用中药治好了他的病。 The doctor his illness with traditional Chinese medicine 4.我们应该对生活中的暴力说不。 We should. violence in our daily life 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 People have different ideas about modern art.Some(agree)that it is difficult to understand,while others think it is creative.One day,a(knowledge)artist gave a speech.He said,"Art should -(manage)to show people's feelings."During his speech,he showed some(violence)paintings about war,which made the audience's faces turn(pale).After the speech,there was a(disagree) among the listeners.Some thought the paintings were too scary,but others believed they could help people remember history.The artist said,"The(transport)of ideas through art is more important than beauty."Finally,most people realized that art can be a(cure)for people's hearts. 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.disagreement 2.cure 3.technology 4.traffic 5.violence 6.pale 工.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.disagree 2.manager 3.curable 4.stupidly 5.violently 6.knowledgeable 7. transport II完成句子 1.Modern technology 2.managed to 3.cured 4.say no to V.语篇填空 1.disagree 2.knowledgeable 3.manage 4.violent 5.pale 6.disagreement 7 transportation 8.cure J