Unit 2 Never Give Up-2025-2026学年八年级下册英语词汇变形及词缀精讲（教科版）

8年级下册教科版 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 寒假专版 【Unit2】Never Give Up 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 blind /blamd/adj..盲的：失明的：挑战性的；考验能力的 首领 盲目的V.使失明：使看不见 due to/dju:tu:/短语由于；因为cancel/kaensl/v.取消：终止：废 deaf/def/adj.聋的；听不见的 blindness/'blamdnas/n.失明：盲除 happiness/'hapinas/n.幸福：快目 tool/tu:/n.工具；用具 乐 in the end/n oi end短语最后；broken/'braukan/adj.破碎的： disability/,dsa'brlati/n.残疾：终于 损坏的v.打破：打碎(break的 缺陷：障碍 rich /ritf/adj.富有的：富裕的：过去分词) Britain/brtn/n.英国；不列颠丰富的 cake /keik/n.蛋糕：糕饼 climber/klarma(r)/n.登山者；general/,d3enrl/adj.普遍的：总wife /waf/n.妻子；太太 攀登者 的：一般的n.将军 basket/'ba:skt/n.篮子；筐 challenging/'tTaelind3ladj.有leader/'Ii:dar)/n.领导者：领袖： 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.blind /blamd/adj.盲的：失明的：盲目的v.使失明；使看不见 名词形式：blindness(失明；盲目) 构词解析：后缀-nss:加在形容词后，构成抽象名词，表”性质、状态”。 同类词：happiness(幸福)、kindness(善良) 例句：His blindness did't stop him from pursuing his dreams. 真题链接（教科版八年级下册同步练习）：Many people are trying to help those with (blind)live better lives..(答案：blindness) 2.deaf/def/adj..聋的：听不见的 名词形式：deafness(聋；听力障碍) 构词解析：后缀-nss:加在形容词后，构成抽象名词，表”性质、状态”。 例句：Deafness can be caused by loud noise over time. 真题链接（教科版八年级下册教材例句）：The organization helps children with deafness learn sigr language. 3.happiness/'haepinas//n.幸福：快乐 1 8年级下册教科版 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 形容词形式：happy(快乐的：幸福的) 副词形式：happily(快乐地：幸福地) 构词解析：后缀nss:加在形容词后，构成抽象名词，表”性质、状态”；-y构成副词。 例句：Sharing with others brings us happiness.. 真题链接（教科版八年级下册同步练习)：She always smiles_happy)and spreads positivity to everyone.(答案：happily) 4.disability/,ds3'bilati/n.残疾；缺陷；障碍 形容词形式：disabled(残疾的：有缺陷的) 构词解析：前缀ds:表”否定、相反”；后缀-ity:加在形容词后，构成抽象名词，表”性质、状态”。 例句：People with disabilities should be treated with respect 真题链接（教科版八年级下册同步练习)：The government provides support for(disable)people to find jobs.(答案：disabled) 5.challenging/'tfaelid四/adj.有挑战性的：考验能力的 动词形式：challenge(挑战；质疑) 名词形式：challenge(挑战；难题) 构词解析：后缀-ig:加在动词后，构成形容词，表”令人…的”。 例句：Climbing the mountain is a challenging task, 真题链接（教科版八年级下册教材例句）：She enjoys challenging herself with new sports. 6.rich/ritf/adj.富有的；富裕的；丰富的 名词形式：richness(丰富；富裕) 副词形式：richly(丰富地；富裕地) 构词解析：后缀-ness:构成名词；ly构成副词。 例句：The novel is full of richness in culture and history. 真题链接（教科版八年级下册同步练习）：The farmer's hard work made his land (rich)in crops. (答案：Iich) 7.general/'d3 enral/adj.普遍的：总的；一般的n.将军 副词形式：generally(通常；普遍地) 构词解析：后缀y:加在形容词后，构成副词。 Generally speaking,students prefer online learning for its flexibility. 真题链接（教科版八年级下册教材例句）：The general gave orders to his soldiers.. 8.leader'li:dsr)/n.领导者；领袖；首领 动词形式：lead(领导；带领) 形容词形式：leading(主要的；领先的) 构词解析：后缀-er:加在动词后，表”做…的人”；-ing构成形容词。 例句：A good leader should listen to others'opinions. 真题链接（教科版八年级下册同步练习）：He (lead)the team to victory in the competition last year.（答案：led) 2 8年级下册教科版 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 9.cancel/'kaensl/v.取消；终止；废除 名词形式：cancellation(取消；撤销) 构词解析：后缀-atio:加在动词后，构成名词，表”动作、过程”。 例句：The flight was cancelled due to bad weather. 真题链接（教科版八年级下册同步练习）：The (cancel)of the meeting made everyone disap- pointed.(答案：cancellation) 10.broken/'bra水n/adj.破碎的：损坏的V.打破；打碎(break的过去分词) 动词原形：brek(打破：打碎) 现在分词：breaking 构词解析：后缀-e:构成过去分词，表”完成、被动”。 例句：She mended the broken vase with glue. 真题链接（教科版八年级下册教材例句）：He has broken his leg and can't walk now. 11.blindness/blamdnas/n.失明：盲目 形容词形式：blind(盲的：失明的) 构词解析：同第1条blind',此处重复列出以强调名词形式。 例句：Early treatment can prevent blindness in some cases. 真题链接（教科版八年级下册同步练习）：The doctor is studying ways to cure blind).(答案： blindness) 12.basket/'ba:skt/n.篮子：筐 动词形式：basket(把…装入篮中，较少用) 构词解析：无特定前后缀，可联想同类词：basketball(篮球，basket+ball)。 例句：She carried a basket of apples from the garden. 真题链接（教科版八年级下册教材例句）：The little girl picked flowers and put them in a basket.. 综合训练 一、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.The organization aims to help people with()regain confidence. 7.Regular exposure to loud music may lead to (听力障碍)over time. 8.The government offers special support for those with (残疾)to improve their quality of life 9.Climbing Mount Qomolangma is considered a great()for many adventurers. 10.The (ordered his soldiers to prepare for the upcoming battle. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 3 8年级下册教科版 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 6.She faced many difficulties but never gave up.Her story is truly (challenge). 7.The little boy helped the(blind)man cross the street safely. 8.The team leader encouraged everyone to work (happy)together to achieve the goal. 9.The (disable)students in this school receive extra care and resources. 10. (general)speaking,it's better to start preparing for exams early. 三、完成句子（每空一词) 5.尽管有视力障碍，她仍然坚持学习绘画。 Despite her she still keeps learning to paint. 6.这个工作需要我们具备解决复杂问题的能力，非常具有挑战性。 This job requires us to solve complex problems and is very_ 7.我们应该尊重残疾人，并为他们提供平等的机会。 We should respectpeople and provide them with equal opportunities. 8.他总是快乐地分享自己的经历，感染身边的每一个人。 He always shares his experiences and influences everyone around him. 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Maria was born with a(blind).At first,she felt sad and thought life was (challenge). However,her mother told her that(happy)comes from within,not from physical conditions. One day,Maria met a(disable)athlete who had won many medals.The athlete said,"My (able)doesn't stop me from chasing dreams.What matters is your attitude."Inspired by these words,Maria started learning to play the piano.It was difficult at first,but she practiced (happy)every day. Now,Maria is a (success)pianist.She often performs for children with (disable), encouraging them to never give up.Her story tells us that everyone can create beauty,no matter what (difficult)they face. 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.blindness 7.deafness 8.disability 9.challenge 10.general 4 8年级下册教科版 【寒假专版】 词汇变形及词缀精讲 IⅡ.用所给单词的适当形式填空 6.challenging 7.blind 8.happily 9.disabled 10.Generally I.完成句子 5.blindness 6.challenging 7.disabled 8.happily V.语篇填空 1.blindness 2.challenging 3.happiness 4.disabled 5.disability 6.happily 7.successful 8.disabilities 9.difficulties 5