内容正文:
9年级下册教科版
【寒假专版】
词汇变形及词缀精讲
寒假专版
【Unit7】The Bad Attitude
词汇变形及词缀精讲
全部单元单词
attitude/'aetrtju:d/n.态度;看
project/'pIDd3ekt/n.项目;工举止:态度
法;姿态
程;课题pr3'd3ektv.投射:规higher/'haIa(r)/adj.更高的:较
scenery/'si:nari/n.风景;景色:划:预测
高的(high的比较级)
舞台布景
apartment/a'pa:tmant/n.公寓;expand /ik'spaend/v.扩大:扩
personal/p3:sanl/adj..个人的;套房
张:扩展
私人的:亲自的
constraint/kan'streint/n.约束;behave /bI'heIv/v.表现;举止:
privacy /'privasi/n.隐私;私密:限制:强制
行为端正
独处
o/on/prep.在…上;关于;sidewalk/'saIdwo:k/n.人行道
basically'beisikli/adv.基本上;通过adv.穿着;向前
grain/gremn/n.谷物:粮食;颗
主要地:从根本上说
employer/m'plIa(r)/n.雇主;粒
similarity/,sm3'arati/n.相似老板;雇佣者
mineral/'mmaral/n.矿物:矿物
性:类似之处;相似点
uneven/n'i:vm/adj.不平坦的;质adj.矿物的;含矿物的
attract/'traekt/v.吸引;引起不均匀的;不规则的
fiber/'faiba(r)/n.纤维:纤维制
…的注意;招引
ashamed/Jemd/adj.惭愧的;品
retire/r'taIe)/v.退休;退职:羞愧的:感到难为情的
退出
behavior /bI'hervja(r)/n.行为;
词汇变形及词缀精讲
1.personal/'p3sanl/adj.个人的;私人的:亲自的
词汇变形
名词形式:person(人)
构词解析
后缀l:加在名词后,构成形容词,表“有关…的:具有…性质的”。
同类词:national(国家的)、cultural(文化的)
例句:This is my personal diary,so I don't want others to read it,
真题链接(教科版九年级下同步练习):Please don't touch my
(person)things without asking.
(答案:personal)
2.privacy/'prIvasi/n.隐私;私密
9年级下册教科版
【寒假专版】
词汇变形及词缀精讲
词汇变形
形容词形式:private(私人的;秘密的)
构词解析
前缀prv-:表“私人的:单独的”;后缀-acy:构成抽象名词,表“性质、状态”。
例句:Everyone has the right to protect their privacy.
真题链接(教科版九年级下教材例句):It's important to respect others'private space.
3.basically/'beisikli/adv.基本上:主要地
词汇变形
形容词形式:basic(基本的;基础的)
名词形式:base(基础:底部)
构词解析
后缀ly:加在形容词后构成副词:形容词basic由名词base加后缀-ic构成。
例句:Basically,you just need to follow these steps to finish the task
真题链接(教科版九年级下同步练习):The(base)idea of this project is to help poor children,
(答案:basic)
4.similarity/,sm3'arti/n.相似性:类似之处
词汇变形
形容词形式:similar(相似的;类似的)
构词解析
后缀-ity:加在形容词后构成抽象名词,表“性质、状态”;形容词similar来自拉丁语“similis”(相
似的)。
同类词:possibility(可能性)、responsibility(责任)
例句:Can you find the similarity between these two pictures?
真题链接(教科版九年级下同步练习):Your new dress is very(similarity)to mine.(答案:
similar
5.attract小'tekt/v.吸引:引起…的注意
词汇变形
名词形式:attraction(吸引力:景点)
形容词形式:attractive(有吸引力的:迷人的)
构词解析
前缀at(=ad-,表“朝向”)+词根ract(拉),字面含义“拉向自己”;后缀-ion构成名词,-ive构
成形容词。
例句:The beautiful scenery attracts many tourists every year.
真题链接(教科版九年级下教材例句):The bright colors of the flowers attracted a lot of bees.
6.employer/m'ploIa(r)/n.雇主;老板
词汇变形
动词形式:employ(雇佣;使用)
名词形式:employment(就业;雇佣)
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9年级下册教科版
【寒假专版】
词汇变形及词缀精讲
反义词:employee(雇员:受雇者)
构词解析
前缀m-(=in-,表“使…进入”)+词根ploy(使用:利用),构成动词employ;后缀-er:加在
动词后表“动作的执行者”(雇主),-e表“动作的承受者”(雇员)。
例句:The company plans to employ more workers next month.,
真题链接(教科版九年级下同步练习):This job has many
(employ)opportunities for young
people.(答案:employment)
7.retire /rI'tara(r)/v.退休;退职
词汇变形
名词形式:retirement(退休;退休生活)
构词解析
前缀re-(表“回;再”)+词根tire(劳累;疲倦),字面含义“因劳累而退回去”。
例句:My grandfather will retire next year after working for40 years.
真题链接(教科版九年级下同步练习):After(etire),he plans to travel around the world.(答
案:retirement)
8.behavior /bI''hervja)/n.行为;举止
词汇变形
动词形式:behave(表现;举止)
构词解析
后缀-ior:构成名词,表“行为、状态”;动词behave来自古法语“behavoir”(举止;表现)。
例句:Good behavior is important for students in school.
真题链接(教科版九年级下教材例句):You should learn to behave well in public places.
9.expand/k'spaend/v.扩大:扩张:扩展
词汇变形
名词形式:expansion(扩大;扩张)
构词解析
前缀ex-(表“向外"”)+词根pand(展开:伸展),字面含义“向外展开”。
同类词:expect(期待;期望)、explain(解释:说明)
例句:Our company plans to expand its business to other countries.
真题链接(教科版九年级下同步练习):The population of this city has__(expand)quickly in recent
years.(答案:expanded)
10.ashamed/A∫emd/adj.惭愧的:羞愧的
词汇变形
动词形式:shame(使羞愧:使蒙羞)
构词解析
前缀a-(表“处于…状态”)+词根shame(羞愧),构成形容词,表“感到羞愧的”。
固定搭配:be ashamed of(为…感到羞愧)
例句:He was ashamed of his bad behavior in class..
9年级下册教科版
【寒假专版】
词汇变形及词缀精讲
真题链接(教科版九年级下同步练习):She felt
(shame)when she realized she had made a
mistake.(答案:ashamed)
11.higher/'haIe)/adj.更高的:较高的
词汇变形
原级形容词:high(高的:高级的)
最高级形式:highest(最高的)
构词解析
后缀-er:加在形容词后构成比较级,表“更…”;-est构成最高级。
例句:The mountain is higher than the hill near our village,
真题链接(教科版九年级下同步练习):This building is the(high)one in our city.(答案:
highest)
12.nineral/'mmnaral/n.矿物:矿物质
词汇变形
形容词形式:mineral(矿物的:含矿物的,同形)
构词解析
词根miner(矿工:矿物)+后缀-al:构成名词或形容词,表“有关矿物的”。
例句:This water contains many important minerals.
真题链接(教科版九年级下教材例句):Mineral resources are very important for industry.
13.fiber/'fab(r)/n.纤维:纤维制品
词汇变形
形容词形式:fibrous(纤维的:含纤维的)
构词解析
后缀-ous:加在名词后构成形容词,表“具有…性质的”;fiber源自拉丁语“fibra”(纤维)。
例句:Eating more fiber can help keep our digestive system healthy.
真题链接(教科版九年级下同步练习):This cloth is made of natural
(fiber).(答案:fibers)
14.uneven/n'i:m/ad.不平坦的:不均匀的
词汇变形
原级形容词:even(平坦的:均匀的)
构词解析
前缀un-(表“否定”)+形容词even(平坦的),构成反义词,表“不平坦的:不均匀的”。
同类词:unhappy(不开心的)、unfair(不公平的)
例句:The road is uneven,.so we need to drive carefully:.
真题链接(教科版九年级下同步练习):The distribution of rain in this area is very_(even).(答
案:uneven)
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9年级下册教科版
【寒假专版】
词汇变形及词缀精讲
综合训练
一、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词
1.Everyone has the right to protect their
(隐私).
2.The company plans to
(j扩大)its business to Asia next year.
3.My father will
(退休)at the age of60.
4.Eating more
(纤维)is good for our health.
5.The
(雇主)decided to give all employees a pay raise.
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.The
(base)rule of the game is to be honest
2.Her
(behave)in public was polite and friendly.
3.The
(attract)scenery of the lake draws many visitors
4.He was
(shame)of telling lies to his parents.
5.There are many
(similar)between the two cultures
三、完成句子(每空一词)
1.我们应该尊重他人的
(私人空间)
2.这个项目的
(基本想法)是帮助无家可归的人.
3.这座山比那座山
(更高)
4.她因自己的错误感到
(惭愧)
四、语篇填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空,使短文通顺、连
贯。
9年级下册教科版
【寒假专版】
词汇变形及词缀精讲
Tom values his
(person)space very much.He often says that everyone needs privacy.
(basic),he tries to respect others'private life.Last week,his company decided to(expand)
its team,so the
(employ)asked all employees to work overtime.Tom felt tired but knew it
was necessary for the company's_(develop).His colleague Lucy is_(attract)and hard
working.They found many_
(similar)in their work habits.However,the office floor was
(even),so Tom fell down yesterday.He was
(shame)but lucky not to get hurt.
参考答案
I根据句意及汉语提示完成单词
6.privacy
7.expand 8.retire 9.fiber 10.employer
Ⅱ用所给单词的适当形式填空
6.basic 7.behavior 8.attractive 9.ashamed 10.similarities
II.完成句子
5.private space 6.basic idea 7.higher 8.ashamed
V.语篇填空
1.personal 2.Basically 3.expand 4.employer 5.development 6.attractive
7
similarities 8.uneven 9.ashamed
6