内容正文:
7年级下册教科版
【寒假专版】
D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲
寒假专版
【Unit2】Traveling in China
词义辨析及同义替换精讲
本单元核心词汇
一、全部单元单词
airport/'eap3tn.机场;航空港
anywhere/'eniwea(r)/adv.任何车
arrival/'ravl/n.到达;抵达:到地方;无论何处
necessary/'nesasari/adj.必要的;
达者
timetable/'tammteibl/n.时刻表;必需的:必然的
round trip个aund trIp/短语往返时间表
excuse /ik'skju:z/v.原谅:宽恕:
旅行;往返程
guide/gaid/n.导游;向导;指南为…辩解ik'sju:s/n.借口;
one way /wan we/短语单程的V.引导;指导
理由;原谅
traffic/'traefik/n.交通;交通量slipper/'slipa(r)/n.拖鞋
cost/kDst/V.(cost,cost)花费;使
foreigner/'for3nar)/n.外国人
dining car/'dan四ka:()/短语餐付出n.费用:成本;代价
词义辨析及同义替换
1
necessary/'nesasari//adj.必要的;必需的;必然的
词义辨析:
necessary:强调客观上“必须的、不可或缺的”,表示某事是完成特定目标所必需的条件。
essential:语气更强,指“本质的、极其重要的”,暗示缺少后事物无法存在或运转。
同义替换:
essential,required
例句:
It is necessary to wear a helmet when riding a bike.
真题链接:(教科版七年级下册同步练习)
Water is
for all living things.
A.expensive B.necessary C.interesting
(答案:B)
2.excuse/k'skju:z/v.原谅;宽恕;为…辩解ik'skju:s/n.借口:理由;原谅
词义辨析(动词):
excuse:语气较轻,常用于日常交际中请求原谅,如“Excuse me”(打扰一下):也可指为错误
行为辩解。
7年级下册教科版
【寒假专版】
D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲
forgive:侧重“宽恕、不再计较”,强调从心理上原谅他人的过错。
词义辨析(名词):
xcuse:指为避免责任或解释不当行为而找的“借口、理由”,多含贬义。
reason:指“原因、理由”,中性词,可用于解释某事发生的客观依据。
同义替换:
(动词):forgive,pardon;(名词):reason,.pretext
例句:
Please excuse my late arrival.(动词)
He always makes up excuses for being late.(名词)
真题链接:(教科版七年级下册同步练习)
me,where is the nearest hospital?
-Go down this street and turn left
A.Excuse B.Forgive C.Thank
(答案:A)
3.cost /kpst/V.(cost,cost)花费;使付出n.费用;成本;代价
词义辨析(动词):
cost:主语通常是“物”,表示某物“花费(金钱)”,固定搭配“sth.costs sb.some money”。
spend:主语是人,侧重“花费时间或金钱”,搭配“sb.spends..on sth./(in)doing sth.”。
take:主语多为形式主语“it”,表示“做某事花费时间”,结构为“It takes sb.some time to do
sth.”。
同义替换:
(动词):spend,take;(名词):expense,price
例句:
The new book costs me50yuan.(动词)
The cost of living is high in this city.(名词)
真题链接:(教科版七年级下册同步练习)
It him two hours to finish his homework every day.
A.costs B.spends C.takes(答案:C)
4.guide/gard/n.导游;向导:指南v.引导:指导
词义辨析(名词):
guid:指“导游、向导”,强调带领他人参观或游览;也可指“指南、手册”,如旅游指南。
leader:侧重“领导者、领袖”,指在群体中起主导作用、带领他人行动的人。
词义辨析(动词):
guide:指“引导、指导”,强调为他人指明方向或提供方法,帮助其完成某事。
lad:侧重“带领、领导”,指走在前面引导他人跟随,或在过程中起主导作用。
同义替换:
(名词):leader,director;(动词):lead,direct
7年级下册教科版
【寒假专版】
D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲
例句:
Our guide showed us around the museum.(名词)
He guided the child across the street.(动词)
真题链接:(教科版七年级下册同步练习)
You can take a
book when you travel to a new place.
A.guide B.story C.picture
(答案:A)
5.anywhere/'eniwea(/adv.任何地方;无论何处
词义辨析:
anywhere::用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中,表示“任何地方”;在肯定句中意为“某个地方”(语
气较弱)。
somewhere:
用于肯定句中,指“某个地方”,表示不确定的地点。
everywhere:
强调“到处、各个地方”,指所有可能的地点。
同义替换:
everywhere,wherever
例句:
Ican't find my key anywhere..(否定句)
Do you want to go anywhere special?(疑间句)
真题链接:(教科版七年级下册同步练习)
You can sit
you like in the classroom.
A.anywhere B.somewhere C.everywhere
(答案:A)
6.tr affic/'traefik/n.交通;交通量
词义辨析:
traffic:指道路上的“交通(流量)”,是不可数名词,常搭配“heavy traffic'”(交通拥堵)、“light
traffic”(交通畅通)。
transport:含义更广,泛指“运输(方式)”,包括公路、铁路、航空等,可作名词或动词。
同义替换:
transportation,road flow
例句:
There is a lot of traffic on the road during rush hours.
真题链接:(教科版七年级下册同步练习)
We were late for school because of the heavy
A.traffic B.people C.cars
(答案:A)
7.arrival/A'rarvl/n.到达;抵达;到达者
词义辨析:
arrival::指“到达、抵达”这一行为或状态,是名词,对应动词“arrive”。
3
7年级下册教科版
【寒假专版】D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲
reach:
作动词时表示“到达(某地)”,是及物动词,直接接宾语:作名词时指“伸手可及的范
围”。
同义替换:
coming,arrival time
例句:
We are waiting for the arrival of our guests.
真题链接:(教科版七年级下册同步练习)
The
time of the train is 3:00 p.m.
A.arrival B.leave C.start
(答案:A)
8.round trip /raund trip/短语往返旅行:往返程
词义辨析:
round trip:指“往返旅行”,即从出发地到目的地再返回出发地的完整行程。
one way:指“单程的”,仅表示从出发地到目的地的行程,不包括返回。
同义替换:
return trip,round journey
例句:
I bought a round trip ticket to Beijing.
真题链接:(教科版七年级下册同步练习)
Do you want a
ticket or a one-way ticket?
A.round trip B.single C.long
(答案:A)
9.one way /wAn wer/短语单程的
词义辨析:
one way::强调“单程的”,修饰名词时作定语,如“one way ticket'”(单程票)。
single:也可表示“单程的”,与“one way”意思相近,是形容词,如“single ticket”。
同义替换:
single,one-way journey
例句:
He bought a one way ticket to Shanghai because he will stay there for a long time.
真题链接:(教科版七年级下册同步练习)
A
ticket is cheaper than a round trip ticket.
A.one way B.return C.two way
(答案:A)
综合演练
7年级下册教科版
【寒假专版】
D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲
综合练习
一、
单项选择
1.Itis
to drink enough water every day to keep healthy.
A.necessary
B.essential
C.interesting
2.-
me,could you tell me where the post office is?
A.Excuse
B.Forgive
C.Thank
3.This new bike my father 800 yuan last week
A.cost
B.spent
C.took
4.We needa
to show us around the historical museum.
A.guide
B.leader
C.director
5.You can't find such beautiful sceneryelse in the world.
A.anywhere
B.somewhere
C.everywhere
6.The
was so heavy that we were stuck on the road for an hour.
A.traffic
B.transport
C.cars
7.The
of the flight is delaved by two hours due to bad weather.
A.arrival
B.reach
C.start
8.Do you prefer a
ticket or a one-way ticket for your trip to Shanghai?
A.round trip
B.single
C.return
J
7年级下册教科版
【寒假专版】
D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲
二、
根据句意及汉语提示完成单词
1.Water is
(必要的)for all living things to survive.
2.He always makes up
(借▣)for being late for school,
3.The
(of this trip is much higher than we expected.
4.You can buy a
(指南)book to learn about the city's history..
5.Is there a restroom(任何地方)near here?
6.The (is usually very busy during the morning rush hour.
三、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.It
(cost)him three hours to finish the project yesterday.
2.Please
(excuse)my mistake this time;I will be more careful next time.
3.The
(arrive)of the train was announced over the loudspeaker.
4.She
(guide)the tourists through the ancient temple last weekend.
5.We are planning a
(round trip)to the mountains next month.
四、完成句子(每空一词)
1.学好英语对我们来说是必要的。
Itis
for us
learn English well.
2.他为自己的迟到编造了一个借口。
He made up an
his being late.
3.这本书花了我50元钱。
The book
50 yuan.
4.你可以在任何你喜欢的地方坐下。
You can sit
you」
五、语篇填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空,使短文通顺、连
贯。
6
7年级下册教科版
【寒假专版】
D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲
Last summer,I went on a trip to Beijing with my family.Before the trip,my father bought
a
_(guide/leader)book to plan our route.On the first day,we took a train.The
(arrival/reach)time was 9:00 a.m.We were excited,but the_(traffic/transport)in Bei-
jing was heavier than we thought.It(cost/took)us an hour to get to the hotel by taxi.
During the trip,we visited many places.My little sister got lost once,and we asked a
(guide/leader)for help.He was very kind and helped us find her.On the last day,we bought
(round trip/one way)tickets because we planned to return home the next day.This trip taught
me that preparation is
(necessary/essential)for a good journey.
参考答案
I单项选择
1.A2.A3.A4.A5.A6.A7.A8.A
Ⅱ.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词
1.necessary
2.excuse
3.cost 4.guide
5.anywhere
6.traffic
工用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.took
2.excuse
3.arrival 4.guided 5.round trip
V.完成句子
1.necessary;to 2.excuse for 3.cost me 4.anywhere;like
V.语篇填空
1.guide 2.arrival 3.traffic 4.took 5.guide 6round trip 7.necessary
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