Unit 4 Lost and Found-2025-2026学年六年级下册英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲（教科版）

6年级下册教科版 【同步精讲】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 同步精讲 Unit4】Lost and Found 词义辨析及同义替换精讲 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 describe/d'skraib/v.描述；形imagine'med3n/v.想象；设destroy/d'str/v.摧毁；毁灭； 容：描绘 想 破坏 lose/lu:z/v.(Qost,lost)失去：丢theater/Iata)/n.剧院；戏院：guide/gaId/n.导游：向导；指南 失；输掉 剧场 V.引导：指导 ancient/en3nt/adj.古代的：古disaster/dr'za:sta)/n.灾难；灾discovery/dr'skAvari/n.发现：发 老的 祸：不幸 觉：被发现的事物 lively/'larvli/adj.活泼的；充满survive/s3'vav/v.幸存；生存；unusual/nju:3ua/adj.不寻常 活力的：生动的 活下来 的：罕见的：独特的 disappear/,dis3'pIa(r)/V.消失；experience/ik'sprarians/n.经历：calm /ka:m/adj.镇静的；平静的 不见：消亡 经验V.经历：体验 V.使平静：镇静n.平静：镇定 heritage/heritid3n.遗产；传统；discover/d'skAva()/v.发现；发 文化遗产 觉：了解 词义辨析及同义替换 l.describe/d'skrarb/V.描述：形容：描绘 词义辨析： describe:侧重用语言或文字详细“描述”事物的特征、细节，强调过程和内容。 imagine:指在脑海中“想象、设想”不存在或未经历的事物，不涉及客观描述。 同义替换： portray,depict 例句： Can you describe your new school to me? 真题链接：（教科版六年级下册同步练习） Please your favorite animal in three sentences. A.imagine B.describe C.discover(答案：B) 1 6年级下册教科版 【同步精讲】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 2.lose/lu:zv.Iost,lost)失去；丢失：输掉 词义辨析： los:强调“失去、丢失”某物，或“输掉”比赛、战争等，结果是不再拥有。 disappear:指人或事物“消失、不见”，侧重于从视线或存在中消失，不一定是永久性失去。 同义替换： miss,misplace 例句： I lost my keys on the way to school this morning 真题链接：（教科版六年级下册单元测试） If you don't be careful,you may your way in the forest. A.lose B.disappear C.destroy (答案：A) 3.ancient/'em fent//adj.古代的：古老的 词义辨析： ancient:指“年代久远的、古代的”，常修饰历史、文明、建筑等，时间跨度极大。 unusual:意为“不寻常的、罕见的”，强调与常规不同，不涉及时间维度。 同义替换： old,antique 例句： We visited an ancient temple during our trip to Beijing. 真题链接：（教科版六年级下册同步练习） The_ Egyptians built the pyramids thousands of years ago. A.ancient B.unusual C.lively (答案：A) 4.lively/'larvli/adj.活泼的：充满活力的：生动的 词义辨析： livy:可指人“活泼的、充满活力的”，也可指事物“生动的、有趣的”，强调动态的活力。 calm:意为“镇静的、平静的”，与lively相反，强调状态的稳定、不激动。 同义替换： active,energetic 例句： The children had a lively discussion about their favorite cartoons. 真题链接：（教科版六年级下册单元测试） My little sister is always and never feels tired. A.calm B.lively C.silent(答案：B) 5.disappear/,ds3'pIa(r)/V.消失：不见；消亡 2 6年级下册教科版 【同步精讲】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 词义辨析： disappear:指从视线中“消失、不见”，或事物逐渐“消亡”，过程可能是突然或缓慢的。 destroy: 意为“摧毁、毁灭”，强调外力导致事物被破坏，无法继续存在。 同义替换： vanish,fade away 例句： The sun disappeared behind the clouds a few minutes ago 真题链接：（教科版六年级下册同步练习） Many animals because their living places are destroyed. A.disappear B.survive C.discover (答案：A) 6.discover/d'skAva()/v.发现；发觉；了解 词义辨析： discover:指首次“发现”原本存在但未被人知的事物、地方或事实。 invent:意为“发明”，指创造出原本不存在的新事物。 同义替换： find out,uncover 例句： Columbus discovered America in 1492 真题链接：（教科版六年级下册单元测试） Scientists havea new way to save energy. A.imagined B.discovered C.experienced(答案：B) 7.destroy/d'stro/v.摧毁；毁灭；破坏 词义辨析： destroy:强调彻底“摧毁、毁灭”，使事物失去功能或存在，程度较重。 damage:意为“损害、损坏”，指部分受损，程度较轻。 同义替换： ruin,break down 例句： The big fire destroyed most of the old buildings in the village 真题链接：（教科版六年级下册同步练习） The earthquakemany houses and made thousands of people homeless. A.survived B.destroyed C.calmed(答案：B) 8.calm /ka'm/adj.镇静的；平静的v.使平静：镇静n.平静：镇定 词义辨析： cal:作形容词时，形容人“镇静的”或环境“平静的”；作动词时，指“使平静、镇静”。 lively:意为“活泼的、充满活力的”，是calm形容人时的反义词。 6年级下册教科版 【同步精讲】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 同义替换： peaceful,quiet 例句： She tried to calm herself down before the exam 真题链接：（教科版六年级下册单元测试） When you are in danger,you should keep and think of a way to escape A.calm B.lively C.unusual (答案：A) 9.experience/k'spiarians/n.经历；经验V.经历；体验 词义辨析： experience作名词“经历”时：指具体的“经历、事件”，为可数名词。 experience作名词“经验”时：指从实践中获得的“经验、技能”，为不可数名词。 同义替换： undergo,go through 例句： (1)He told us about his interesting experiences in Africa.() (2)She has rich experience in teaching English.( 真题链接：（教科版六年级下册同步练习） My father has ten years of as a doctor. A.experiences B.experience C.heritage (答案：B) l0.survive/sa'vaIv/v.幸存；生存：活下来 词义辨析： urvive:指在灾难、危险或困难中“幸存、活下来”，强调经历极端情况后的存活。 Iive:泛指“生活、生存”，侧重于日常的生命状态。 同义替换： live through,endure 例句： Only a few people survived the terrible flood. 真题链接：（教科版六年级下册单元测试） Some small animals can in the desert without much water. A.survive B.disappear C.destroy (答案：A) 11.disaster/dza:sta)/n.灾难：灾祸；不幸 词义辨析： disaster:指“自然灾害、人为灾难”等造成巨大损失的事件，如地震、火灾等。 accident:意为“事故”，多指意外发生的、较小的不幸事件。 同义替换： catastrophe,misfortune 6年级下册教科版 【同步精讲】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 例句： The government sent food and medicine to the area hit by the disaster. 真题链接：（教科版六年级下册同步练习） The earthquake is a terrible that kills many people. A.heritage B.disaster C.theater (答案：B) l2.heritage/'hertid3/n.遗产；传统；文化遗产 词义辨析： heritage:指“文化遗产、传统”，是代代相传的精神或物质财富，如历史建筑、习俗等。 history:意为“历史”，指过去发生的事件的总和。 同义替换： legacy,tradition 例句： The Great Wall is an important part of Chinese cultural heritage 真题链接：（教科版六年级下册同步练习） We should protect our cultural for future generations. A.heritage B.experience C.discovery (答案：A) 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.The students were asked to their summer vacation in writing. A.imagine B.describe C.discover 2.My brother his new phone at the bus stop yesterday. A.lost B.disappeared C.destroyed 3.The city has a history of over 2,000 years. A.ancient B.unusual C.lively 4.The party became after the band started playing music. 6年级下册教科版 【同步精讲】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 A.calm B.lively C.silent 5.The stars from the sky when the sun rose. A.disappeared B.survived C.destroyed 6.Scientists have a new species of fish in the deep ocean A.imagined B.discovered C.experienced 7.The storm many houses along the coast last night. A.survived B.destroyed C.calmed 8.You must stay when facing difficulties. A.calm B.lively C.unusual 9.My grandfather has rich in farming A.experiences B.experience C.heritage 10.Only a few plants can in the dry desert. A.survive B.disappear C.discover 二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The (古代的)Silk Road connected China with other countries. 2.The little girl has a (活泼的)personality and loves singing. 3.Many old traditions have (消失)over time. 4.We should protect our cultural (遗产)for future generations, 6 6年级下册教科版 【同步精讲】D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 5.The earthquake was a terrible (灾难)that affected thousands of people 6.She has ten years of(经验)as a teacher. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The children had a (live)debate about their favorite books. 2.He (lose)his keys,so he couldn't open the door. 3.The (discover)of oil changed the country's economy. 4.The old building was (destroy)in the fire last year. 5.She told us about her (experience)during the trip to Europe. 四、完成句子 1.Can you (描述一下你的卧室)in English? 2.Many animals (正在消失)because of pollution. 3.The (古代的城堡)attracts millions of visitors every year, 4.My sister is always (充满活力的)and enjoys playing sports. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 Long ago,an (1.ancient/unusual)civilization built a great city.The city was full of (2.lively/calm)markets and beautiful temples.However,a big flood hit the area and(3. destroyed/disappeared)most of the buildings.Over time,the city(4.disappeared/survived) and was forgotten.Years later,archaeologists(5.discovered/invented)the ruins and began to study them.They learned that the people there had rich cultural (6.heritage/experience) and (7.lively/calm)traditions.Today,the ruins are protected as a important cultural site,and visitors can still feel the (8.lively/ancient)history in the stones. 参考答案 I.单项选择 1.B2.A3.A4.B5.A6B7.B8.A9B10.A 7 6年级下册教科版 【同步精讲】 D版词义辨析及同义替换精讲 IⅡ.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.ancient 2.lively 3.disappeared 4.heritage 5.disaster 6.experience I用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.lively 2.lost 3.discovery 4.destroyed 5.experiences V.完成句子 1.describe your bedroom 2.are disappearing 3.ancient castle 4.lively V.语篇填空 1.ancient 2.lively 3.destroyed 4.disappeared 5.discovered 6.heritage 7.lively 8.an- cient P