Unit 10 The Future World-2025-2026学年八年级下册英语词义辨析及同义替换精讲（教科版）

8年级下册教科版 【同步精讲】 词义辨析及综合训练 同步精讲 【Unit 10】The Future World 词义辨析及综合训练 本单元核心词汇 一、全部单元单词 disagree/,disa'gri:/V.不同意： knowledge/'nDlId3yn.知识；学traffic/'traefik/n.交通：交通量 有分歧：争执 问：知晓 jam/d3em/n.果酱：堵塞v.堵 pale /per/adj.苍白的：浅色的；modern/'mpdn/adj.现代的；当塞；挤满；卡住 暗淡的V.变苍白：失色 代的：新式的 violence/varalans/n.暴力：暴 fingerprint/'fugaprit//n.指纹；cure /kjoa)/v.治愈；治好；矫行；猛烈 手印 正n.治愈：疗法；对策 get rid of/get rid Dv/短语摆脱： stupid/'stju:pId/ad.愚蠢的；迟technology /tek'nplad3in.技术；除去；处理掉 钝的；无聊的 科技 transportation /traenspo:'teifn/ take over /terk'Uva)/短语接manage/menId3yV.管理：经n.运输：运输系统；交通工具 管：接收；接任 营：设法做到 词义辨析及同义替换 cure /kjoa()/v.治愈：治好；矫正n.治愈；疗法：对策 词义辨析： cure:强调“治愈疾病”，宾语通常为疾病，可构成搭配cure sb.of sth.。 treat:侧重“治疗动作”，宾语可以是病人或疾病，但不一定能治愈。 同义替换： heal,remedy 例句： This new medicine can cure the disease. 真题链接：（教科版八年级下册同步练习） The doctor said he could the sick boy. A.treat B.cure C.help (答案：B) 2.manage/'maenid3v.管理；经营；设法做到 词义辨析： 8年级下册教科版 【同步精讲】 词义辨析及综合训练 manage:强调“设法成功做到某事”，后接不定式，即manage to do sth.。 ty:侧重“尝试做某事”，不一定成功，后接todo或doing。 同义替换： succeed in,handle 例句： She managed to finish the work on time. 真题链接：（教科版八年级下册同步练习) He to pass the exam after studying hard. A.tried B.managed C.wanted(答案：B) 3.get rid of/get rid Dv/短语摆脱：除去；处理掉 词义辨析： get rid of:强调“彻底除去或摆脱某人W某物”，后接名词或代词。 throw away:侧重“扔掉、丢弃”，对象多为具体物品。 同义替换： remove,eliminate 例句： We need to get rid of the old furniture in the room 真题链接：（教科版八年级下册同步练习） You should the bad habits if you want to keep healthy. A.get rid of B.put away C.look after (答案：A) 4.take over /terk'ava(r)/短语接管：接收；接任 词义辨析： take over:指“接管职位、公司等”，强调从他人手中接过并控制。 take charge of:侧重“负责管理某事或某人”，主动承担责任。 同义替换： take control of,take charge of 例句： Mr.Li will take over the company next month. 真题链接：（教科版八年级下册同步练习） After his father retired,he the family business. A.took over B.took up C.took off(答案：A) 5.modern/mDd/adj.现代的：当代的：新式的 词义辨析： nodern:强调“符合当前时代的、新式的”，反义词为ancient。 new:泛指“新的”，侧重时间上的新近，反义词为old。 2 8年级下册教科版 【同步精讲】 词义辨析及综合训练 同义替换： contemporary,up-to-date 例句： This city has many modern buildings 真题链接：（教科版八年级下册同步练习) We live in a world with advanced technology. A.modern B.newC.old(答案：A) 6.traffic/'traefik/n.交通；交通量 词义辨析： traffic:指“道路上的车辆、行人等交通流量”，不可数名词。 transportation:侧重“运输方式或系统”，如公交、铁路等。 同义替换： vehicular movement 例句： There is heavy traffic on the road during rush hours. 真题链接：（教科版八年级下册同步练习） is very busy in the city center in the morning A.Transportation B.Traffic C.Journey (答案：B) 7.jam/d3m/n.果酱：堵塞v.堵塞；挤满；卡住 词义辨析： jam(n.):作“堵塞”时，指交通、管道等被堵住，常用搭配traffic jam。 block:作动词时“堵塞”，强调完全挡住通道，如block the road。 同义替换： (n.):congestion:(v.):block,clog 例句： We were late because of the traffic jam. 真题链接：（教科版八年级下册同步练习） There was a on the highway,so we had to wait for an hour. A.jamB.topC.station(答案：A) 8.technology/tek'nplad3i/n.技术；科技 词义辨析： technology:指“工业、科学等领域的技术”，不可数名词。 technique:侧重“具体的技巧、方法”，可数名词。 同义替换： tech,technological know-how 3 8年级下册教科版 【同步精讲】 词义辨析及综合训练 例句： Modern technology has changed our life a lot. 真题链接：（教科版八年级下册同步练习） With the development of people can communicate more easily. A.technique B.technology C.skill(答案：B) 9.knowledge/'nold/n.知识：学问；知晓 词义辨析： knowledge:指“通过学习获得的系统知识”，不可数名词，常用搭配gain knowledge。. information:侧重“具体的信息、消息”，可数或不可数。 同义替换： learning,expertise 例句： Reading books can increase our knowledge. 真题链接：（教科版八年级下册同步练习） We should try our best to gain more at school. A.information B.knowledge C.news(答案：B) l0.disagree/,ds3'gri/v.不同意；有分歧：争执 词义辨析： disagree:强调“观点、意见不一致”，常用搭配disagree with sb.。 argue:侧重“争论、辩论”，可能伴随情绪，常用argue with sb.about sth.。 同义替换： disapprove,differ 例句： I disagree with you on this plan. 真题链接：（教科版八年级下册同步练习）》 They with each other about where to go for vacation. A.agreed B.disagreed C.discussed(答案：B) l1.pale /per/adj.苍白的：浅色的：暗淡的v.变苍白：失色 词义辨析： pale(ad.):指“脸色苍白（因生病、害怕等）”或“颜色浅的”。 light(adj.):泛指“浅色的、明亮的”，侧重颜色的明暗程度。 同义替换： (adj.):ashen,light:(v.):blanch 例句： Her face turned pale when she heard the bad news. 8年级下册教科版 【同步精讲】 词义辨析及综合训练 真题链接：（教科版八年级下册同步练习） His face was because he had a high fever A.pale B.red C.dark (答案：A) 12.violence/'varelens/n.暴力：暴行；猛烈 词义辨析： violence:指“武力、暴力行为”，不可数名词，常用搭配commit violence。 force:侧重“力量、武力”，可指物理力量或强制力，可数或不可数。 同义替换： brutality,force 例句： We should say no to violence. 真题链接：（教科版八年级下册同步练习） The movie has too much so children shouldn't watch it. A.violence B.action C.fin(答案：A) l3.transportation/,traenspo:'tejn/n.运输；运输系统；交通工具 词义辨析： transportation: 指“运输方式或系统”，如公交、地铁等，美式英语。 transport:英式英语，含义与transportation基本相同，可指“运输工具”。 同义替换： transport,transit 例句： Public transportation is very convenient in this city. 真题链接：（教科版八年级下册同步练习） We can take different kinds of to travel around the world. A.transportation B.traffic C.journey(答案：A) 14.stupid/'stju:pId/adj.愚蠢的；迟钝的：无聊的 词义辨析： stupid:强调“智力上的迟钝、愚蠢”，语气较强。 foolish:侧重“缺乏判断力、不明智”，语气较缓和。 同义替换： foolish,silly 例句： It's stupid to go out without an umbrella on a rainy day. 真题链接：（教科版八年级下册同步练习） Don't do such a thing again.You should think carefully. A.smart B.stupid C.clever (答案：B) 8年级下册教科版 【同步精讲】 词义辨析及综合训练 综合演练 综合练习 一、 单项选择 1.The doctor worked hard to the patient of his illness. A.treat B.cure C.help 2.After trying many times,she finally to solve the math problem. A.tried B.managed C.wanted 3.You should smoking if you want to improve your health A.getrid of B.throw away C.look after 4.When his uncle retired,Tom the small shop in the street. A.took over B.took up C.took off 5.Our school has bought many computers for students to use. A.modern B.new C.old 6.There is always heavy on this road during the morning rush hour. A.transportation B.traffic C.journey 7.We were stuck in a on the highway for two hours yester day A.jam B.stop C.station 8.With the development of people can now shop online easily A.technique 6 8年级下册教科版 【同步精讲】 词义辨析及综合训练 B.technology C.skill 9.Reading widely can help us gain more about the world. A.information B.knowledge C.news 10.They with each other about which movie to watch tonight. A.agreed B.disagreed C.discussed 二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The medicine can (治愈)your cough in a few days. 2.He (to finish all the work before the deadline. 3.It's important to (摆脱)bad habits like staying up late. 4.My father will (接管)the family business next year. 5.This city is famous for its (现代的)buildings and busy streets.. 6.The (is very heavy in the city center during holidays. 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The doctor said he could (cure)the sick child with this new medicine. 2.She (manage)to pass the exam after studying hard for a month. 3.We need to (get rid of)the old books that we don't need anymore. 4.Mr.Black will(take over)the company when the director retires. 5 (modern)technology has made our life more convenient than before. 四、完成句子（每空一词） 1.这位医生成功治愈了许多病人。 The doctor successfully many patients their illnesses. 1 8年级下册教科版 【同步精讲】 词义辨析及综合训练 2.他努力学习，最终设法通过了考试。 He studied hard and finally pass the exam. 3.我们应该摆脱那些对我们有害的坏习惯。 We should the bad habits that are harmful to us 4.他父亲退休后，他接管了家族企业。 After his father retired,he the family business. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 With the development of (1) _(technology/technique),our life has changed a lot.We can use(2) (modern/new)tools to work and study.However,there are also some problems.For example, (3) (traffic/transportation)jams often happen in big cities.People need to (4) (get rid of/throw away)bad driving habits to improve this situation.Some doctors even say that stress from work can make people's faces(5)(pale/light).So we should learn to relax and(6) (manage/try)to keep a balance between work and life. 参考答案 I单项选择 1.B2.B3.A4.A5.A6B7.A8.B9B10B Ⅱ根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.cure 2.managed 3.get rid of 4.take over 5.modern 6.traffic I.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.cure 2.managed 3.get rid of 4.take over 5.Modern V.完成句子 1.cured;of 2.managed to 3.get rid of 4.took over V语篇填空 1.technology 2.modern 3.traffic 4.get rid of 5.pale 6.manage 8