Unit2 语法讲解及习题：可数名词与不可数名词、It is + adj. + to do sth.-2025-2026学年北师大版七年级英语下册

北师大版英语七下 Unit2 语法讲解及习题 可数名词与不可数名词、It is + adj. + to do sth. 一、可数名词与不可数名词 （一）定义与区别 可数名词：可以用数字计数，有单数、复数两种形式。 例：an apple, two apples, a student, many students 不可数名词：不能直接用数字计数，无复数，不能直接加 a/an。 例：rice, milk, water, bread, meat, juice, coffee （二）可数名词复数变化规则 情况 变化方式 例子 一般情况 直接加 -s book → books s/x/ch/sh 结尾 加 -es bus → buses, watch → watches 辅音 + y 变 y 为 i 加 -es city → cities 有生命 o 结尾 加 -es tomato → tomatoes, potato → potatoes 不规则变化 特殊记忆 man → men, child → children （三）不可数名词用法 1. 作主语，谓语动词用单数 Milk is good for us. 2. 表数量必须用：量词 + of a cup of tea, two pieces of bread 3. 修饰词： 可数：many, a few, how many 不可数：much, a little, how much 二、重点句型：It is (not) + adj. + (for sb.) + to do sth. （一）句型结构 It is + 形容词 + (for sb.) + to do sth. 含义：（对某人来说）做某事是……的 （二）成分说明 It：形式主语，无实际意义 形容词：描述行为的性质 to do sth.：真正的主语 for sb.：对某人来说（可省略） （三）例句 1. It is important to eat healthy food. 吃健康的食物很重要。 2. It is good for us to drink milk every day. 每天喝牛奶对我们有好处。 3. It is not good to eat too much junk food. 吃太多垃圾食品是不好的。 4. It is helpful to do exercise every day. 每天锻炼是有益的。 5. It is necessary for us to have breakfast. 对我们来说吃早餐很有必要。 三、练习题 （一）单项选择 1. I have two ___________ and a glass of milk for breakfast. A. egg B. eggs C. milks 2. There ___________ some rice in the bowl. A. is B. are C. be 3. It is important ___________ a balanced diet. A. have B. to have C. has 4. —Would you like some ___________? —Yes, please. I'm thirsty. A. bread B. water C. apples 5. My favourite food ___________ noodles. A. is B. are C. be 6. It is not good ___________ too much chocolate. A. eat B. to eat C. eating 7. I can see three ___________ on the table. A. tomato B. tomatoes C. potatos 8. ___________ is good for our health. A. Eat fruit B. To eat fruit C. Eats fruit 9. We need to buy some ___________ for the party. A. cake B. cakes C. a cake 10. It is easy ___________ healthy if we eat well. A. stay B. to stay C. stays （二）用所给词的适当形式填空 1. I have three ___________ (sandwich). 2. There ___________ (be) some meat on the plate. 3. It is important ___________ (drink) enough water every day. 4. My sister likes ___________ (milk) very much. 5. How many ___________ (apple) do you want? 6. It is not good ___________ (eat) too much junk food. 7. I need a cup of ___________ (coffee) to wake up. 8. There are five ___________ (potato) in the basket. 9. It is helpful ___________ (do) some exercise every day. 10. We should eat more ___________ (vegetable) and less meat. （三）句型转换 1. I like apples.（否定句） I ___________ ___________ apples. 2. She has bread for breakfast.（一般疑问句） ___________ she ___________ bread for breakfast? 3. There is some milk in the bottle.（否定句） There ___________ ___________ milk in the bottle. 4. We need two eggs.（对划线部分提问） ___________ ___________ eggs do you need? 5. It is good to eat a lot of fruit.（用 for us 改写） It is good ___________ ___________ to eat a lot of fruit. 6. I have some rice.（对划线部分提问） ___________ ___________ rice do you have? 7. To learn English well is important.（同义句） ___________ ___________ ___________ learn English well. 8. He likes hamburgers.（对划线部分提问） ___________ ___________ he like? 9. There are two cups of tea on the table.（提问） ___________ ___________ cups of tea are there on the table? 10. It is bad to stay up late.（同义句） ___________ ___________ late is bad. （四）根据汉语完成句子 1. 对我们来说吃早餐很重要。 It is important ___________ ___________ to have breakfast every day. 2. 我想要一杯果汁和两个汉堡。 I'd like a glass of ___________ and two ___________. 3. 吃太多糖不好。 It is not good ___________ ___________ too much sugar. 4. 碗里有一些米饭。 There ___________ some ___________ in the bowl. 5. 每天锻炼有帮助。 It is helpful ___________ ___________ every day. 四、答案 + 完整详细解析 （一）单项选择 1. B 解析：two 后接可数名词复数，egg 复数是 eggs；milk 不可数，不能加 s。 2. A 解析：rice 是不可数名词，be 动词用 is。 3. B 解析：固定句型 It is + adj. + to do sth.，用 to have。 4. B 解析：由 thirsty（口渴）可知选饮料 water。 5. A 解析：food 此处为不可数名词，be 动词用 is。 6. B 解析：固定句型 It is not good to do sth.，用 to eat。 7. B 解析：tomato 复数是 tomatoes，有生命以 o 结尾加 es。 8. B 解析：动词不定式 To eat fruit 作句子主语。 9. B 解析：some 后接可数名词复数，cake 复数是 cakes。 10. B 解析：固定句型 It is + adj. + to do sth.，用 to stay。 （二）用所给词的适当形式填空 1. sandwiches 解析：sandwich 以 ch 结尾，复数加 es。 2. is 解析：meat 不可数，be 动词用 is。 3. to drink 解析：It is important to do sth.，用不定式。 4. milk 解析：milk 不可数，无复数。 5. apples 解析：how many 后接可数名词复数。 6. to eat 解析：It is not good to do sth. 7. coffee 解析：coffee 不可数。 8. potatoes 解析：potato 复数加 es。 9. to do 解析：It is helpful to do sth. 10. vegetables 解析：vegetable 为可数名词，此处用复数表泛指。 （三）句型转换 1. don’t like 解析：主语 I，一般现在时否定用 don’t + 动词原形。 2. Does; have 解析：主语 she 三单，用 Does 提问，后接动词原形 have。 3. isn’t any 解析：some 在否定句中变为 any。 4. How many 解析：eggs 可数名词复数，用 How many 提问数量。 5. for us 解析：句型 It is + adj. + for sb. + to do sth. 6. How much 解析：rice 不可数，用 How much 提问。 7. It is important to 解析：同义句型 To do sth. is … = It is … to do sth. 8. What does 解析：对物品提问用 what，主语 he 用助动词 does。 9. How many 解析：cups 可数，用 How many。 10. To stay up 解析：不定式短语作主语。 （四）根据汉语完成句子 1. for us 解析：句型 It is + adj. + for sb. + to do sth. 2. juice; hamburgers 解析：juice 不可数；hamburger 可数，two 后用复数。 3. to eat 解析：It is not good to do sth. 4. is; rice 解析：rice 不可数，be 动词用 is。 5. to exercise 解析：It is helpful to do sth. ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $