Unit 3过去完成时及其被动语态-2025-2026学年高中英语选修二语法重难点精讲（人教版）

高中人教版选修2 【语法精讲】 过去完成时专项 语法专版 【语法专题】过去完成时及其被动语态专项 突破 高中人教版选修2Unit3 语法精讲 语法概述：表示过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成或发生的动作或存在的状态，其被动语态表示 过去某一时间或动作之前已经被完成或发生的动作，在句中可作谓语。 重难点讲解 重难点一：过去完成时的基本用法及时间状语讲解： 过去完成时表示在过去某个时间或动作之前已经完成的动作，其结构为”主语+had+过去分词'。 它强调'过去的过去”，常与by+过去时间点、before+过去时间点、when/before/after+一般过去 时从句等时间状语连用。 She had finished her homework before her mother came back. By the end of last month,we had learned 2000 new words. 真题再现： 1.(2024 河南郑州期中，人教版选修2)He told me that he_the film twice before he came to Beijing. A.has seen B.had seen C.saw D.will see 答案：B解析：主句谓语told'是过去时，”看电影发生在”told”之前，即过去的过去”， 用过去完成时had seen。 2.(2023湖北武汉月考，人教版选修2)When I arrived at the station,the train一already_, A.has left B.will leave C.had left D.leaves 答案：C 解析：”arrived”是过去动作，”火车离开”在到达”之前，用过去完成时had left。. 高中人教版选修2 【语法精讲】 过去完成时专项 重难点二：过去完成时与一般过去时的区别讲解： 过去完成时表示”过去的过去”，强调动作的先后顺序：一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作 或存在的状态，不强调与其他过去动作的先后。当句中有两个过去动作，先发生的用过去完成时， 后发生的用一般过去时。 I met Li Ming yesterday.We hadn't seen each other for five years. She lost her key.She couldn't enter the room. 真题再现： 1.(2024 山东济南期末，人教版选修2)My father_in the factory for20 years before he retired last year. A.works B.worked C.has worked D.had worked 答案：D解析：”retired'是过去时，”在工厂工作20年”发生在”退休”之前，用过去完成 时had worked。 2.(2023广东广州期中，人教版选修2)They the bridge in2010 and it very well since then A.built;has worked B.had built;worked C.built;worked D.had built;has worked 答案：A解析：”2010年建桥”是过去动作，用一般过去时built:”since then'”表示从过去到 现在，用现在完成时has worked.。 重难点三：过去完成时被动语态的构成及用法讲解： 过去完成时被动语态表示在过去某个时间之前已经被完成的动作，结构为”主语+had+been+过 去分词”。它常用来强调动作的承受者或动作在过去某一时间前已被完成的状态。 The room had been cleaned before we arrived All the tickets had been sold out by 9 o'clock last night. 真题再现： 1.(2024江苏南京月考，人教版选修2)By the time the police arrived,the stolen car_away by the thieves. A.has been driven B.had been driven C.was driven D.will be driven 答案：B解析：”arrived'是过去时，”车被开走”在”到达”之前，用过去完成时被动语态 had been driven。 2.(2023 浙江杭州期末，人教版选修2)The project_by the end of last year,.and it brought great 2 高中人教版选修2 【语法精讲】 过去完成时专项 benefits to the local people A.had been completed B.was completed C.has been completed D.will be completed 答案：A解析：'by the end of last year”是过去时间点，”项目被完成”在此之前，用过去完 成时被动语态had been completed。 重难点四：过去完成时在宾语从句中的应用讲解： 当主句的谓语动词为一般过去时，且宾语从句的动作发生在主句动作之前时，宾语从句要用过去 完成时。常见于say,tell,kmow,think等动词后的宾语从句。 He said that he had never seen such a beautiful place before I didn't know that she had left for Shanghai. 真题再现： 1.(2024 四川成都期中，人教版选修2)She asked me if I_the book before. A.read B.have read C.hadread D.will read 答案：C解析：主句谓语”asked'是过去时，”读这本书”发生在”问”之前，宾语从句用过 去完成时had read.. 2.(2023安徽合肥月考，人教版选修2)The teacher told us that light faster than sound and that the earth around the sun. A.traveled:moved B.had traveled:had moved C.travels;moves D.has traveled:has moved 答案：C解析：宾语从句陈述客观真理时，不受主句时态影响，用一般现在时。 重难点五：过去完成时表示”未曾实现的希望、计划或打算”讲解： 过去完成时可用于hadhoped/planned/meant/wanted/expected-+to do sth”结构，表示”本希望/计划/打 算/想要/期望做某事（但未实现）”。 I had hoped to catch the early bus,but I got up late. She had planned to visit her uncle,but she had to stay at home to look after her mother. 真题再现： l.(2024湖南长沙期末，人教版选修2)He_to go abroad for further study,.but he couldn't because of the pandemic. A.had hoped 3 高中人教版选修2 【语法精讲】 过去完成时专项 B.hopes C.has hoped D.will hope 答案：A解析：”未能出国”是过去情况，”希望出国”是过去未曾实现的打算，用had hoped。 2.(2023江西南昌期中，人教版选修2)They_to finish the task by Friday,but they fell behind schedule A.plan B.planned C.had planned D.will plan 答案：C解析：”落后于计划是过去动作，”计划完成任务”是过去未曾实现的打算，用 had planned。. 易错点综合演练 I单项选择（直击重难点） 1.By the time we arrived at the cinema,the movie for ten minutes. A.has begun B.had begun C.began D.will begin 2.She told me she the Great Wall twice before she moved to Beijing. A.visits B.visited C.has visited D.had visited 3.The old bridge by the workers before the heavy rain came last month A.is repaired B.was repaired C.has been repaired D.had been repaired 4.He to finish the report yesterday,but he was too busy with other work. A.plans B.planned C.had planned D.will plan 高中人教版选修2 【语法精讲】 过去完成时专项 Ⅱ用所给词的适当形式填空（强化句型结构） 1.My brother(not see)his best friend for five years before they met at the party last night. 2.By the end of last term,we (learn)more than 3000 English words. 3.The classroom (clean)by the students before the teacher came in this morning. 4.She said she (never meet)such a kind person before she came to this school. 5.They(hope)to take the early train,but they missed it because of the traffic jam. Ⅲ.短文填空（综合运用过去完成时） 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空，使短文完整通顺。 Last Sunday,I went to visit my grandparents.When I got there,they(already cook)lunch for me.I was very happy becauseI(not eat)their cooking for a long time.My grandfather told me he(plant) many vegetables in the garden since last spring.My grandmother said she(make)a sweater for me and it (finish)the day before.I felt so warm and loved during the visit. V.连词成句（聚焦句型结构） 1.had,before,I,dinner,finished,my homework (. 2.the,by,time,arrived,the bus,we,had left (. 3.told,he,me,he,that,had,the film,seen (. 4.been,the,classroom,had,cleaned,before,we,arrived (. 5.planned,they,to,the park,but,go,it,rained(.) V.按要求改写句子（巩固否定、疑问句式） l.He had finished his work before5o'clock yesterday..(改为否定句) 2.She had lived in this city for ten years before she moved away.(改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答) 3.By the time Tom got up,his mother had cooked breakfast.(对划线部分提问) 4.The book had been read by many students before it was lost..(改为主动语态) 5 高中人教版选修2 【语法精讲】 过去完成时专项 综合演练参考答案 I.单项选择：1B2.D3.D4.C Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空：I.hadn't seen2.had learned3.had been cleaned4.had never met 5.had hoped Ⅲ.短文填空： 1.had already cooked 2.hadn't eaten 3.had planted 4.had made 5.had been finished V.连词成句： 1.I had finished my homework before dinner. 2.By the time we arrived,the bus had left. 3.He told me that he had seen the film. 4.The classroom had been cleaned before we arrived. 5.They had planned to go to the park but it rained. V按要求改写句子： 1.He hadn't finished his work before 5 o'clock yesterday. 2.Had she lived in this city for ten years before she moved away?Yes,she had. 3.What had Tom's mother done by the time he got up? 4.Many students had read the book before it was lost. 6