动词短语系统复习-2025-2026学年九年级英语下册语法重难点精讲（沪外版）

9年级沪外版 【寒假专版】 重难点精讲 寒假专版 【语法专题】动词短语系统复习专项突破 初中沪外版9年级 语法精讲 语法概述：动词短语系统复习=动词+介词副词等构成的固定搭配，在句中可作谓语、非谓语等 成分。 重难点讲解 重难点一：动词短语的及物性与不及物性区分讲解： 动词短语按是否接宾语分为及物动词短语（需接宾语）和不及物动词短语（不接宾语）。及物动 词短语的宾语位置固定（如动词+副词结构中，宾语为代词时需置于中间）；不及物动词短语后 不可直接接宾语，需加介词后接宾语。 ●及物短语（动词+副词）：put off(推迟)、take up(开始从事) He put off the meeting.→He put it off.(宾语为代词时置于中间) ●不及物短语（动词+介词）：look after(照顾)、listen to(听) She looks after her grandmother every day.She looks her grandmother after) 真题再现： 1.(2024上海浦东期末，沪外版)Why did you_the football match yesterday? -Because of the heavy rain A.put off B.put on C.put up D.put away 答案：A解析：句意为“推迟比赛”，put off为及物短语，符合语境；put on(穿上)、put up (张贴)、put away(收起)均不符合句意。 2.(2023江苏苏州月考，沪外版)My mother asked me to_my little brother while she was out A.look for B.look after C.look at D.look up 1 9年级沪外版 【寒假专版】 重难点精讲 答案：B解析：look after为不及物短语（动词+介词），后接宾语“my little brother”,意为 “照顾”，符合语境。 重难点二：动词短语的多义性辨析讲解： 同一动词短语常具有多种含义，需结合语境判断。高频多义短语如take off(起飞/脱下/突然成 功)、get on(上车/进展)、turn up(调大音量/出现)等。 ●take off:The plane took off at9a.m.（起飞)：She took off her coat.(脱下) ●get on:How are you getting on with your new classmates?(进展)；We got on the bus..(上车) 真题再现： l.(2024浙江宁波期中，沪外版)一The singer'snew song_last month and became popular soon -Yes,I can't stop listening to it. A.took off B.put off C.turned off D.got off 答案：A解析：take off在此意为“突然成功”，符合“歌曲走红”的语境；put of(推迟)、 turned off(关闭)、got of(下车)均不符合。 2.(2023安徽合肥期末，沪外版)一I wonder why John didn't_at the party last night.. -Maybe he forgot about it. A.getup B.show up C.look up D.put up 答案：B解析：show up意为“出现”，符合“未出现在派对”的语境：get up(起床)、look up（查阅)、put up(张贴)均不符合。 重难点三：动词短语与语境的搭配运用讲解： 动词短语需与主语、宾语、时间状语等语境要素匹配。如表示“花费时间”用spend.(in)doing sth.,而“支付金钱”用pay for;“放弃”用give up doing sth.（后接动名词)。 。spend..doing:I spent two hours finishing the homework.(花费时间做某事) ·give up:He gave up smoking last year..(放弃做某事，后接动名词) 真题再现： l.(2024上海徐汇月考，沪外版)My father usually_half an hour reading newspapers after breakfast. 9年级沪外版 【寒假专版】 重难点精讲 A.takes B.pays C.spends D.costs 答案：C解析：spend+时间+(in)doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“花费时间做某事”，符合 语境：take常用It takes sb.time to do sth.结构，pay后接for,cost主语为物，均不符合。 2.(2023江苏南京期末，沪外版)You should_watching too much TV if you want to improve your grades. A.give up B.take up C.put up D.make up 答案：A解析：give up后接动名词watching,意为“放弃看电视”，符合句意；take up(开 始从事)、put up(张贴)、nake up(编造)均不符合语境。 重难点四：动词短语的被动语态转换讲解： 及物动词短语可用于被动语态，需将短语视为整体，不可拆分。结构为“b+动词短语的过去分 词形式+宾语（主动语态中的主语）”。 。主动：They put off the meeting.→被动：The meeting was put off.(put off整体变被动) 。主动：We should take care of the old.→被动：The old should be taken care of..(take care of不 可拆分) 真题再现： 1.(2024 上海静安期末，沪外版)The sports meeting_because of the bad weather last week A.was put off B.put off C.was put on D.put on 答案：A解析：主语“The sports meeting”与put off为被动关系，last week提示用一般过去 时被动语态，结构为“was+put off”(put的过去分词为put)。 2.(2023浙江杭州月考，沪外版)Children well in this school.. A.are taken care B.are taken care of C.take care of D.take care 答案：B解析：take care of为及物短语，被动语态需保留介词of,结构为“are taken care of'”, 意为“被照顾”，符合语境。 3 9年级沪外版 【寒假专版】 重难点精讲 易错点综合演练 L单项选择（直击重难点) 1.The football match was because of the heavy snow last night. A.put off B.put on C.put up D.put away 2.My grandmother is ill,so I need toher at home today. A.look for B.look after C.look at D.look up 3.-Why did Tom at the party yesterday?I didn't see him. A.take off B.turn up C.get on D.put off 4.The plane at 8:00 a.m.tomorrow,so we must arrive at the airport early. A.takes off B.takes up C.takes out D.takes away Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空（强化句型结构） 1.He (put off)the meeting because he was ill yesterday. 2.My mother often tells me to (look after)my little sister when she is out. 3.The new shop(take off)last month and many people go shopping there now. 4.The old people (take care of)well in the nursing home. 5.She(not turn up)at the party tomorrow because she has to go to Shanghai Ⅲ短文填空（综合运用动词短语） 用括号内所给动词短语的适当形式填空，使短文完整通顺。 Last Sunday,I planned to go to the park with my friends.But when I got up,I found my mother was ill. So I decided to 1.(look after)her at home.I 2.(put off)the plan to the park.In the afternoon, my father came back and 3.(take care of)my mother.Then I went to the park.When I arrived,my 4 9年级沪外版 【寒假专版】 重难点精讲 friends had already 4.(turn up).We played games and had a good time.I think helping my mother is more important than playing. V.按要求改写句子（巩固被动语态） l.They put off the sports meeting because of the rain.(改为被动语态) The sports meetingbecause of the rain. 2.We should take care of the old people.（改为被动语态) The old peoplewell. 3.He will turn up at the party tomorrow.(改为否定句) He at the party tomorrow. 4.My sister looks after her pet dog every day.(改为一般疑间句) your sister her pet dog every day? 参考答案 I.单项选择：1.A2B3.B4.A Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空： 1.put off 2.look after 3.took off 4.are taken care of 5.won't tur up Ⅲ.短文填空： 1.look after 2.put off 3.took care of 4.turned up V.按要求改写句子： 1.was put off 2.should be taken care of 3.won't turn up 4.Does;look after 5