定语从句系统复习-2025-2026学年九年级英语下册语法重难点精讲（沪外版）

9年级沪外版 【语法专版】 定语从句精讲 语法专版 【语法专题】定语从句系统复习 初中沪外版9年级 语法精讲 语法概述：定语从句系统复习=一个句子作定语修饰名词或代词，在句中用于限定、修饰先行词， 关系词连接主句和从句并指代先行词。 重难点讲解 重难点一：关系代词的选择与用法区别讲解： 定语从句中常用关系代词有that、which、who、whom、whose。that既可指人也可指物，在从句中 作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略：which只能指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；who指人，作主语或 宾语：whom指人，仅作宾语，可省略；whose既可指人也可指物，表示.的”，在从句中作定 语。 例句： 。This is the book that/which I bought yesterday.(指物，作宾语，可省略) ●The girl who/that is standing there is my sister.(指人，作主语) 。The man whom/who/that you met last week is our teacher..(指人，作宾语，可省略) 。This is the house whose windows are broken.(指物，作定语) 真题再现： l.(2024上海浦东区期中，沪外版)The storybook一my mother bought for me is very interesting A.who B.whom C.which D.whose 答案：C 解析：先行词是he storybook(物)，关系代词在从句中作宾语，用which。 2.(2023上海徐汇区月考，沪外版)Do you know the boy一is wearing a blue jacket? A.which B.who C.whom D.whose 答案：B 解析：先行词是the boy(人)，关系代词在从句中作主语，用who。 1 9年级沪外版 【语法专版】 定语从句精讲 重难点二：关系副词的用法及与关系代词的转换讲解： 关系副词where、when、why分别在定语从句中作地点状语、时间状语和原因状语，其先行词分 别是表示地点、时间和原因的名词。where=介词+which:when=介词+which;why-for+which。 例句： ·This is the school where I studied five years ago.(where作地点状语，=in which) 。I still remember the day when I first came to this city.(when作时间状语，=on which) 。The reason why he was late is that he missed the bus.(why作原因状语，=for which) 真题再现： l.(2024上海长宁区期末，沪外版)I will never forget the time一we spent together in the countryside. A.when B.where C.that D.why 答案：C解析：先行词是the time,关系词在从句中作spent的宾语，用that,而非作时间状 语的when。 2.(2023上海杨浦区月考，沪外版)This is the museum_we visited last month, A.where B.which C.when D.why 答案：B解析：先行词是the museum,关系词在从句中作visited的宾语，用which,where 作地点状语时从句不缺宾语。 重难点三：that与which的特殊用法区别讲解： 只用that不用which的情况：先行词是不定代词all、something、nothing等；先行词被序数词、最 高级、the only、the very等修饰；先行词既有人又有物。只用which不用that的情况：引导非限制 性定语从句：关系代词前有介词。 例句： ·All that glitters is not gold.（先行词是不定代词all) ·This is the first lesson that I learned.(先行词被序数词修饰) 。He talked about the teachers and schools that he had visited.(先行词既有人又有物) ·She bought a new car,which cost her a lot of money.(非限制性定语从句) ·The house in which he lives is very big.(关系代词前有介词in) 真题再现： 9年级沪外版 【语法专版】 定语从句精讲 1.(2024 上海闵行区期中，沪外版)This is the most interesting story一I have ever read, A.which B.that C.who D.whom 答案：B 解析：先行词被最高级the most interesting修饰，用that。 2.(2023 上海静安区月考，沪外版)He gave me a dictionary,一was very useful for my English study. A.that B.which C.who D.whose 答案：B 解析：逗号后是非限制性定语从句，先行词是dictionary(物)，用which。 重难点四：定语从句的主谓一致讲解： 定语从句的谓语动词在人称和数上要与先行词保持一致。当先行词是oeof+复数名词时，从句谓 语动词用复数；当先行词是he only one of+复数名词时，从句谓语动词用单数。 例句： ●He is one of the students who are good at English.(先行词是students,复数) 。He is the only one of the students who is good at English.(先行词是the only one,单数) 真题再现： 1.(2024 上海普陀区期末，沪外版)This is one of the books that一written by Lu Xun. A.was B.were C.is D.are 答案：B 解析：先行词是books(复数)，从句谓语动词用复数，且”被写”是过去发生的事， 用were。. 2.(2023 上海虹口区月考，沪外版)She is the only girl in our class who一-to America. A.have been B.has been C.have gone D.has gone 答案：B解析：先行词是the only girl(单数)，用has been表示”去过”，has gone表示'去 了未回'，此处用has been更合适。 3 9年级沪外版 【语法专版】 定语从句精讲 重难点五：”介词+关系代词”结构的用法讲解： ”介词+关系代词”结构中，关系代词只能用wich(指物)或whom(指人)，介词的选用取决于 先行词与介词的搭配或从句中动词与介词的搭配。 例句： ●This is the room in which he lives.(live in the room,介词in提前) ·The boy with whom he played yesterday is his brother.(play with the boy,介词with提前) 真题再现： l.(2024上海黄浦区期中，沪外版)The man一you talked just now is our headmaster.. A.to whom B.whom C.to which D.which 答案：A 解析：talk to sb.是固定搭配，先行词是man(人)，用to whom。 2.(2023上海松江区月考，沪外版)This is the bag一I paid100yuan A.which B.for which C.that D.whom 答案：B 解析：pay for sth.是固定搭配，先行词是bag(物)，用for which。 易错点综合演练 I.单项选择（直击重难点） 1.The novel_was written by Mo Yan has been translated into many languages. A.who B.which C.whose D.whom 2.Do you remember the day-we first met at the school library? A.when B.where C.that D.why 3.This is the most exciting movie_I have ever watched. A.which 4 9年级沪外版 【语法专版】 定语从句精讲 B.that C.who D.whom 4.He is one of the students_are good at playing basketball. A.which B.who C.whom D.whose Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空（强化句型结构） l.The girl_(wear)a red dress is my best friend..(提示：用关系代词who/that) 2.I still keep the letters一(send)by my pen pal last year.(提示：用关系代词which/that) 3.This is the only park(have)a swimming pool in our city.(提示：用关系代词that) 4.The man一(whom)we talked just now is a famous scientist.(提示：补充介词) Ⅲ.短文填空（综合运用定语从句） 用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空，使短文完整通顺。 I live in a small town 1.-is surrounded by mountains.There is a river 2.runs through the center of the town.Many people like to walk along the riverbank 3.-the air is fresh.Last week,I met an old man 4.told me stories about the town's history.He also showed me a photo 5.was taken 50 years ago In the photo,there was a building 6.-windows were broken.The old man said it was the first school 7.he studied in. V.连词成句（聚焦句型结构） 1.the,girl,who,is,singing,over there,my,classmate,(. 2.this,is,the,school,where,I,studied,primary,( 3.all,that,he,said,was,true,(. 4.we,the,visited,museum,which,last,week,( 5.the,reason,why,he,late,was,missed,the,bus,(. V.按要求改写句子（巩固定语从句用法） l.The book is very interesting.My father bought it for me.(合并为含定语从句的句子) 2.I will never forget the day.I joined the Young Pioneers on that day.(合并为含定语从句的句子) 5 9年级沪外版 【语法专版】 定语从句精讲 3.He gave me a pen.I use the pen to write.(合并为含”介词+关系代词'结构的定语从句) 4.This is the room.We lived in the room last year.(合并为含”介词+关系代词？结构的定语从 句) 参考答案 I.单项选择：1B2.A3.B4.B Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空： 1.who/that is wearing 2.which/that were sent 3.that has 4.to whom Ⅱ.短文填空： 1.which/that 2.which/that 3.where 4.who/that 5.which/that 6.whose 7.that V.连词成句： 1.The girl who is singing over there is my classmate 2.This is the school where I studied primary. 3.All that he said was true. 4.We visited the museum which last week 5.The reason why he was late was missed the bus. V.按要求改写句子： 1.The book which/that my father bought for me is very interesting 2.I will never forget the day when I joined the Young Pioneers. 3.He gave me a pen with which I write 4.This is the room in which we lived last year. 6