Unit 6 Space and beyond 单元写作研读-【创新教程】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册五维课堂课时作业word（外研版）

[单元基础练] Ⅰ.单词集训 A．词性转化 1．Space exploration (explore) provides a symbol of national pride. 2．So there is good reason to be exceptionally(exceptional) cautious if you come into contact with bats. 3．After a long and tiring_investigation_(investigate), the police have excluded robbery as a motive for the murder. 4．At least 203 miners were killed,22 injured and 13 trapped in the coal mine gas explosion_(explode)． 5．They have no way to dispose of the hazardous(hazard)waste they produce. 6．“How much longer must I go on like this? ” she asked herself_tragically(tragic)． 7．The little problems that we meet in our daily lives may be_inspirations(inspire) for great inventions. 8．Nanotechnology is the science of materials at the molecular or_subatomic (subatom) level. B．介词、副词填空 1．Don't leave any medicine on the table within reach of kids under five. 2．As the years passed, the shadow that the terrible earthquake had cast on/over his young mind faded away.Everything returned to normal. 3．It's hard to finish the work in a day.You'd better call on_your friends to help you. 4．Engaged in his business，he has no time to take care of his family. 5．I waited for an hour to sign up for the dancing learning course. C．动词训练 1．All non­fiction works submitted (submit) to Teen Ink are automatically considered for the monthly contest. 2．Alice isn't accustomed to making (make) speeches in public; it's so embarrassing. 3．Don't bother to_fetch (fetch) me the book and I can manage it myself. 4．Domestic oil has_been_shipped (ship) to foreign countries on a regular basis since several years ago. 5．I think he fell down the stairs, and he screamed_(scream)for two or three minutes. 6．They were already accustomed to waiting(wait), so no one complained. D．单句语法填空 1．Interested in painting, he would paint with pen and paper after work, gradually cultivating himself into a self­taught painter. 2．He walked along in the shadows (shadow), hoping no one would recognize him. 3．No one can/could be more warm­hearted; he has a heart of gold. 4．Why must_you choose to work in a remote village school when you can own a respectable job in a city? 5．There is some frost on the lawn.The temperature must have_dropped(drop) down under zero degree last night. 6．As the myth goes, a frightened ostrich(鸵鸟)will bury its head in the sand to make itself invisible(visible) to its hunters. Ⅱ.短语填空 1．The new plan_is_composed_of_(由……组成)three parts, each of which is very important. 2．He has_been_accustomed_to/used_to(习惯) the tropical climate in the area since he has stayed there for almost ten years. 3．With the plane to_take_off(起飞) in ten minutes, all the passengers on board were asked to turn off their mobile phones. 4．Although I majored in English, language surprisingly became a challenge when I set_foot_on(踏上) America for the first time. 5．As I grew up in a small town at the foot of a mountain, the visit to the village_called_on(唤起) scenes of my childhood. 6．The terrible car accident happened last year cast_a_shadow_on(给……留下阴影) his young mind. 7．Frankly speaking, before we set_out(出发) for Antarctica, I indeed worried that I couldn't adapt to the terrible living conditions there. 8．As_a_matter_of_fact(事实上), lack of sleep can make you look tired, and even cause you to put on weight. Ⅲ.句型训练 1．洪水毁了一切，受难者无家可归，只能暂时住在避难所。(独立主格) The_flood_having_destroyed_everything, the victims became homeless and could only live temporarily in shelters. 2．最令查利兴奋的是他终于成功通过了对他来说看似最艰难的考试。(主语从句) What_excited_Charlie_most_was that he finally succeeded in what seemed to be the most difficult exam to him. 3．他一直在称赞导演，希望在剧中扮演主角。(现在分词作状语) He has been courting the director, hoping_to_play_the_leading_role in the play. 4．简匆忙赶去买演唱会的门票，却被告知票已经卖光了。(不定式作状语) Jane hurried to buy the ticket for the concert, only_to_be_told that the tickets had been sold out. 5．毫无疑问，我们必须对空气污染问题有足够的重视。 There_is_no_doubt_that enough concern must be paid to the problem of air pollution. Ⅳ.语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Distinguished scientist Lu Yuanju(陆元九), 101, has urged China's scientists, researchers, engineers and technicians __1__ (make)full use of their talents to contribute to the motherland and her people. “People in my generation __2__ (study)under enemy bombing and built our country from ruins，” he said at his home in Beijing __3__ (late). “My comrades(同事)and I spent our __4__ (young)in sending our country's rockets and satellites into space. Our successors have managed to place spacecraft on the moon and Mars, __5__ (accomplish)our country's thousand­year dreams of exploring the universe. I am very __6__ (hope)that our younger scientists, researchers, engineers and technicians can see their work __7__ a long­distance race, stay true to their missions, and use all their passion and energy to advance the nation's science and technology.” One of the founders of China's space industry, Lu played __8__ important role in the design and construction of the country's first satellite __9__ was lifted into orbit in April 1970. In recognition of his service and contribution to China, Lu __10__ (award)the July 1 Medal. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了我国杰出科学家陆元九对航天事业做出的贡献和对年轻人的期待。 1．to make　[考查非谓语动词。句意：101岁的杰出科学家陆元九呼吁中国的科学家、研究人员、工程技术人员充分发挥自己的才能，为祖国和人民做出贡献。urge sb. to do“呼吁、敦促某人做某事”。故填to make。] 2．studied　[考查动词的时态。句意：“我们这一代人在敌人的轰炸下学习，从废墟中建设我们的国家，”他最近在北京的家中说。此处指他那一带的人的学习情况，用一般过去时。故填studied。] 3．lately　[考查副词。句意：“我们这一代人在敌人的轰炸下学习，从废墟中建设我们的国家，”他最近在北京的家中说。这几句话是他最近说的，用时间副词lately。故填lately。] 4．youth　[考查名词。句意：我和我的同事用我们的青春把我们国家的火箭和卫星送上太空。此处填一个名词作动词spent的宾语，且不可数，故填youth。] 5．accomplishing　[考查非谓语动词。句意：我们的继任者成功地将航天器发往月球和火星，实现了我们国家探索宇宙的千年梦想。句子已有谓语have managed，此处填非谓语，此处表示一种自然而然的结果，用现在分词作结果状语，故填accomplishing。] 6．hopeful　[考查形容词。句意：我非常希望我们年轻的科学家、研究人员、工程师和技术人员可以将他们的工作视为一场长跑比赛，不忘初心，用他们所有的热情和精力来推动国家的科技进步。此处填一个形容词做表语。故填hopeful。] 7．as　[考查介词。句意：我非常有希望我们年轻的科学家、研究人员、工程师和技术人员可以将他们的工作视为一场长跑比赛，不忘初心，用他们所有的热情和精力来推动国家的科技进步。see sth. as sth“把某物看作某物”。故填as。] 8．an　[考查冠词。句意：作为中国航天工业的奠基人之一，陆在中国第一颗卫星于 1970 年 4 月升入轨道的设计和建造中发挥了重要作用。固定搭配play an important role in sth.在……中发挥重要作用。故填an。] 9．that　[考查定语从句。句意：作为中国航天工业的奠基人之一，陆在中国第一颗卫星于 1970 年 4 月升入轨道的设计和建造中发挥了重要作用。这个定语从句的先行词是satellite指物，被序数词first修饰，且从句缺主语。故填that。] 10．was awarded　[考查动词的时态语态。句意：为了表彰他对中国的服务和贡献，陆被授予七一勋章。被授予勋章是过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，且Lu和award之间是被动关系。故填was awarded。] [单元加餐练] Ⅰ.阅读理解 Since people first launched rockets into space in the 1950s, we have been leaving behind all sorts of things.Some of them，like the camera, were lost by astronauts while they did work outside their spacecraft.But much of the space junk is made up of little pieces of things that were once bigger objects, until they struck each other and broke apart. Some things we send into space fall back toward Earth and burn up in the atmosphere.But larger pieces sometimes survive the extreme heat and hit the ground or the ocean at great speeds.So there is always concern that something may fall from the sky and do some harm. But space junk falling on roofs is not the biggest worry.Scientists are concerned about the “Kessler” problem.Imagine what happens when an empty rocket strikes another while orbiting the earth.Two big things become many smaller things.They then hit other things.The pieces get smaller and smaller until they form a cloud of junk that blocks the path of future space vehicles. Marco Castronuovo, an Italian Space Agency researcher, says launching a satellite into space that would get very close to some of the larger pieces of space junk.The satellite would connect a small rocket to the useless object.When the rocket explodes, it pushes the junk into a lower and slower orbit, nearer the Earth.After a time，the junk burns up in the atmosphere.Mr.Castronuovo has proposed using a number of small satellites with robotic arms.One arm would catch the space junk, and another arm would connect the rocket.He imagines that each satellite could jump from one large piece of junk to another.He thinks this method could destroy about ten large objects each year. Scientists have been concerned about space junk for many years.Right now, the costs of the clean­up have been too great.Mr.Castronuovo says his system could be put in place for a much more reasonable amount of money.So what can be done to clean up the space around our planet? 1．We can learn from the text that much of the space junk ________. A．was left by the astronauts on purpose B．is mainly made up of broken spaceship C．is usually made of small pieces of things D．burns up before it reaches the atmosphere 2．Now scientists are most worried that space junk will ________. A．harm the future space vehicles B．do some harm to the atmosphere C．fall on people's house roofs D．destroy the habitat of wildlife 3．It implies in the last but one paragraph that ________. A．clearing up the space will actually cost little B．small rockets also do harm to the atmosphere C．only robots can clear up the space completely D．it is still difficult for us to clear up the space 4．What is the text mainly about? A．Space junk threatens earth's orbital environment. B．Scientists use different methods to clear up space junk. C．Spacecrafts will meet with a lot of space junk in the future. D．Marco comes up with many methods to deal with space junk. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是太空中存在着许多垃圾，这些垃圾慢慢会对地球及以后发射的太空飞船构成威胁，科学家们正在研究如何清理它们。 1．C　[细节理解题。根据第一段的“But much of the space junk is made up of little pieces of things that were once bigger objects”可知，但大部分太空垃圾都是由曾经较大的物体的小碎片组成的。所以许多的太空垃圾都是由小块粒的东西构成的。故选C项。] 2．A　[推理判断题。根据第三段的“The pieces get smaller and smaller until they form a cloud of junk that blocks the path of future space vehicles.”可知，这些碎片会越来越小，直到形成垃圾云团，阻碍未来太空飞行器的飞行。如果太空中形成了垃圾云层，那以后发射的太空飞船就会遇到危险了，故选A项。] 3．D　[推理判断题。从倒数第二段“Marco Castronuovo, an Italian Space Agency researcher, says launching a satellite into space that would get very close to some of the larger pieces of space junk.The satellite would connect a small rocket to the useless object.When the rocket explodes, it pushes the junk into a lower and slower orbit, nearer the Earth.After a time，the junk burns up in the atmosphere.”由此判断出，清理太空垃圾不是一件非常容易的事情，故选D项。] 4．A　[主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第三段可知本文主要讲的是太空中存在着许多垃圾，这些垃圾慢慢会对地球及以后发射的太空飞船构成威胁，太空垃圾威胁着地球的轨道环境，故选A项。] Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Choosing the right career can be hard.Many people graduate from school or college not knowing what to do with their lives，and get a job without really thinking about it.For some，things work out fine.__1__ Your working life lasts an average of forty years，so it's important to find a job you like and feel enthusiastic about it.Luckily，there are many ways you can get help to do this. The Australian website，www.careersonline.com，compares choosing a career with going to the movies.Before you see a movie，you find out what films are showing.__2__—find out what jobs are available and what your options are.Next，decide which movie you like best; if you're not a romantic person，you won't want to see a love story.In other words，with your career，you should decide which job will suit your personality.__3__ Meanwhile，you should find out where the theater is before you go.With your career，you need to find information about where you can work，how much you will earn，and how to get a job in that profession. So，how do you start? Begin by asking yourself some questions.__4__ Have you traveled overseas? Do you have any extra certificates besides your degree，such as a first aid license? Your physical state and build can also affect which jobs you can do.A person，for example，who is allergic to cats would probably never become a veterinarian.Flight attendants，firefighters，and police officers have to be over a certain height，and be physically fit.__5__ Are you outgoing and extroverted，or shy and introverted? If you like working alone，a job that requires lots of teamwork might not suit you. A．Your personality matters，too. B．Finally，decide how to get movie tickets. C．The site suggests you do the same with your career. D．Choosing a career can take time and a lot of thought. E．Some jobs require you to have certain life experiences. F．But others often find themselves stuck in a job they hate. G．When you know you can work in your dream job，you'll be glad. [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。针对现在很多人找不到合适工作的现象，作者给读者推荐了一些可以在这方面提供帮助的方法。 1．F　[上文“For some，things work out fine.”与F项“But others often find themselves stuck in a job they hate.”承接自然，上下文构成明显的转折关系，some和others是关键词。故选F项。] 2．C　[下文“find out what jobs are available and what your options are.”与C项“The site suggests you do the same with your career.”承接自然，下文是对选项内容的解释。故选C项。] 3．B　[根据本段的结构，尤其是上文的“Before you see a movie ”和“Next，decide which movie you like best”可知，此处选B项“Finally，decide how to get movie tickets.”符合陈述事情的发展顺序。故选B项。] 4．E　[下文“Have you travel overseas? Do you have any extra certificates besides your degree，such as a first aid license？”与E项“Some jobs require you to have certain life experiences.”承接自然，下文提到的内容就是一些工作所要求的特定生活经历或技能。故选E项。] 5．A　[下文“Are you outgoing and extroverted，or shy and introverted? If you like working alone，a job that requires lots of teamwork might not suit you.”与A项“Your personality matters，too.”承接自然，下文提到的outgoing，extroverted，shy和introverted都是描述人的性格的形容词。故选A项。] Ⅲ.完形填空 “Folks on the subway don't talk.They don't want you to interrupt their day.” I was given the __1__ long ago. One day，I climbed on a train and there was only one __2__ seat.I scrunched into the space beside a woman and immediately she complained in a(n) __3__ manner，“Oh yeah，she had to sit here.Make me all uncomfortable.” “I'm sorry，” I told her.“Do you want me to __4__？” With a huge sigh，she __5__ back，“I suppose you can stay.” The words were okay but her __6__ told me I was not welcome. “I can move.Really，especially if it is __7__ you，” I said __8__. Another __9__，and she told me to stay. Okay，__10__ don't want me to interrupt them on the subway.__11__，I figured we could have a conversation.I asked her if she had ever been out to Alberta.She waited all of two seconds，and then responded，“No，but we've been through on the way to Vancouver.” “I love it there，” I told her and went on to __12__ the great weather and friendly people.“Where are you from originally？” I asked. Now here was a __13__ she wanted to talk about and soon I __14__ her life in the old country.She talked until it was time for her to get off.Then she __15__ and warmly said goodbye. Hey，this subway travelling is okay! 1．A.decision　　　　　 B．option C．rule D．order 2．A.occupied B．reserved C．comfortable D．empty 3．A.unpleasant B．calm C．unusual D．casual 4．A.switch B．move C．help D．wait 5．A.whispered B．screamed C．argued D．fought 6．A.appearance B．voice C．behavior D．figure 7．A.inspiring B．surprising C．embarrassing D．bothering 8．A.desperately B．sharply C．sincerely D．confidently 9．A.attempt B．glance C．hesitation D．sigh 10．A.strangers B．conductors C．tourists D．performers 11．A.Apparently B．Therefore C．Eventually D．Still 12．A.evaluate B．mention C．imagine D．debate 13．A.topic B．conclusion C．plan D．career 14．A.cared about B．longed for C．learned about D．thought of 15．A.pushed B．smiled C．hesitated D．clapped [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者之前被告知“地铁上的陌生人不喜欢与你交谈”这一规则，但在一次的乘车过程中，作者用自己的真诚打动了坐在旁边的陌生女人，两人交谈愉快，这次乘车过程对作者来说是很棒的。 1．C　[句意为：“地铁里的人不说话。他们不想让你打扰他们的一天。”很久以前我被给予了这个规则。decision决定；option选择权；rule规则；order命令。故选C项。] 2．D　[句意为：一天，我上了一辆火车，那里只有一个空座位。occupied被占领的；reserved预订的；comfortable舒适的；empty空的。根据空格后“I scrunched into the space”可知，我坐在了那个座位上，由此可推断出，那个座位应该是空的。故选D项。] 3．A　[句意为：我挤到一个女人旁边的地方坐下，她立刻以一种不愉快的方式抱怨。unpleasant令人不快的；calm镇静的；unusual不寻常的；casual随便的。根据空格后“Make me all uncomfortable.”可知，我坐在她旁边让她感觉不舒服，故应该是以不愉快的方式抱怨。故选A项。] 4．B　[句意为：“对不起，”我告诉她。“你想让我离开吗？”switch转换；move移动，(使)改变位置；help帮助；wait等待。故选B项。] 5．A　[句意为：她长叹一声，小声说：“我想你可以留下来”。whisper小声说；scream尖叫；argue争论；fight打架。故选A项。] 6．B　[句意为：她说的话是同意我留下来，但她的声音告诉我我不受欢迎。appearance外貌；voice声音；behavior行为；figure体形。故选B项。] 7．D　[句意为：“我可以离开，真的，尤其是如果我坐在这打扰到你了，”我真诚地说。inspire激励；surprise使惊奇；embarrass使尴尬；bother打扰。故选D项。] 8．C　[句意见上题解析。desperately绝望地；sharply尖刻地；sincerely真诚地；confidently自信地。根据上文可知，作者连续问了女人两次是否希望自己移开，由此可推断出作者是真诚地询问对方。故选C项。] 9．D　[句意为：又叹了口气，她叫我留下来。attempt企图；glance一瞥；hesitation犹豫；sigh叹气。根据上文“With a huge sigh”可知，之前女人和我说话时叹了口气，可推断出这里是又叹了口气。故选D项。] 10．A　[句意为：好吧，陌生人不想让我在地铁里打扰他们。stranger陌生人；conductor售票员；tourist游客；performer表演者。故选A项。] 11．D　[句意为：不过，我认为我们可以谈谈。apparently显然；therefore因此；eventually最后，终于；still不过。故选D项。] 12．B　[句意为：“我喜欢那里，”我告诉她，接着又提到了那里的好天气和友好的人们。evaluate评价；mention提到；imagine想象；debate辩论。故选B项。] 13．A　[句意为：这是一个她想谈论的话题，很快我就了解到了她在故乡的生活。topic话题；conclusion结论；plan计划；career职业。故选A项。] 14．C　[句意见上题解析。care about在意；long for渴望；learn about了解；think of想起。根据下文“her life in the old country”可知，我应该是在和她的对话中，了解到了她在故乡的生活。故选C项。] 15．B　[句意为：然后她微笑着，热情地说再见。push推动；smile微笑；hesitate犹豫；clap鼓掌。根据上文“She talked until it was time for her to get off.”可知，我们的交谈很愉快，所以她应该是微笑着对我说再见。故选B项。] Ⅳ.读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 During this past year, I've had three instances of car trouble.Each time these things happened, I was sick of the way most people hadn't bothered to help.One of those times, I was on the side of the road for close to three hours with my big Jeep.I put signs in the windows, big signs that said NEED A JACK (千斤顶), and offered money.Nothing.Right as I was about to give up, a Mexican family in a small truck pulled over, and the father bounded out. He sized up the situation and called for his daughter, who spoke English.He conveyed through her that he had a jack but that it was too small for the Jeep, so we would need something to support it.Then he got a saw (锯子) from the truck and cut a section out of a big log on the side of the road.We rolled it over and put his jack on top, and we were in business. I started taking the wheel off, and then, if you can believe it, I broke his tire iron.No worries：He handed it to his wife, and she was gone in a flash down the road to buy a new tire iron.She was back in 15 minutes.We finished the job, and I was a very happy man. The two of us were dirty and sweaty.His wife prepared a pot of water for us to wash our hands.I tried to put a $20 bill in the man's hand, but he wouldn't take it, so instead I went up to the truck and gave it to his wife as quietly as I could.I asked the little girl where they lived.Mexico, she said.They were in Oregon so Mommy and Daddy could work on a fruit farm for the next few weeks.Then they would go home. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Para.1： When I was about to say goodbye, the girl asked if I'd had lunch.________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Para.2： After they left, I got into my Jeep and opened the paper bag.________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] When I was about to say goodbye，the girl asked if I'd had lunch.I told her I hadn't had lunch because I'd been waiting here for help for nearly three hours.The girl said they didn't have lunch either.She suggested to her parents that we have lunch together.Their truck happened to have some food and some things for the picnic.So we ate together in a vacant lot by the side of the road.During that time，I told about what had happened to me and how I felt.They shared interesting stories about their lives in Mexico and on fruit farms.After lunch，the girl's mother put a paper bag of fruit in my Jeep.I showed my gratitude again and we said goodbye to each other. After they left，I got into my Jeep and opened the paper bag.There were some delicate fruits in the paper bag.I was surprised to find the money I had quietly left them.At the same time，there was a note written by the girl，which read “We are very happy to be able to help you.We have encountered many difficulties and been disappointed.But we met a lot of helpful people，which made us feel very warm.To help others with one's own ability is also a kind of lifting a finger.The beauty of life comes from these lifting a finger.I hope you have a good life and a happy mood.” This made me very moved，and I would try my best to help more people in the future to make our world more beautiful and warmer. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $