内容正文:
高中全国版
【寒假专版】
句法语法精讲
寒假专版
状语从句系统讲解
寒假语法易错点精讲
学段:高中教材:全国版
年级:句法
语法认知
在复合句中作状语的从句,用来修饰谓语动词、形容词或整个句子,表示时间、地点、原因、条
件、目的、结果、让步、方式、比较等意义,在句中可作时间状语、地点状语、原因状语、条件
状语、目的状语、结果状语、让步状语、方式状语、比较状语。
易错点讲解
易错点一:连接词混用(时间状语从句与条件状语从句)
讲解:
时间状语从句常用when/while/as(当…时),条件状语从句常用if/unless(如果/除非),二者连
接词不可混用。需根据语境判断是“时间关系”还是“条件关系”。
例句:
-时间:I was reading when the phone rang.(电话响时我正在读书。)
-条件:If it rains tomorrow,we will stay at home.(如果明天下雨,我们就待在家里。)
真题再现:
1.(2024全国版教材配套教辅)一What were you doing_the fire alarm went off?
-We were having a math class.
A.if B.when C.unless D.because
答案:B
解析:根据“the fire alarm went off”(火警响时)可知为时间关系,用when引导时间状语从句。
2.(2023全国版教材地区联考)You will fail the exam_you study hard.
A.when B.while C.unless D.as
答案:C
高中全国版
【寒假专版】
句法语法精讲
解析:句意为“除非你努力学习,否则会考试不及格”,表示条件关系,用unless引导条件状语从
句。
易错点二:状语从句时态错误(主将从现与过去时态)
讲解:
1.主句为一般将来时,条件/时间状语从句用一般现在时表将来(主将从现):
2.主句为过去进行时,时间状语从句常用一般过去时(when引导短暂性动词)。
例句:
-主将从现:I will call you as soon as I arrive in Beijing.(我一到北京就给你打电话。)
过去时态:He was watching TV when his father came back.(爸爸回来时,他正在看电视。)
真题再现:
1.(2024全国版教材同步练习)Ifhe一free tomorrow,he一to the park with us.
A.is,go B.will be;go C.is;will go D.will be;will go
答案:C
解析:f引导条件状语从句,遵循“主将从现”,从句用一般现在时is,主句用一般将来时wlgo。
2.(2023全国版教材期末统考)My mother一dinner when I一home yesterday.
A.cooked;got B.was cooking;got C.cooked;was getting D.was cooking;was getting
答案:B
解析:when引导时间状语从句,主句“妈妈正在做饭”用过去进行时was cooking,从句“我到家”
用一般过去时got(短暂性动作)。
易错点三:地点状语从句与定语从句连接词混淆
讲解:
地点状语从句用where引导,修饰主句动作发生的地点(从句前无先行词):定语从句用where引
导时,前需有表示地点的先行词(如place/city等)。
例句:
-地点状语从句:Put the book where you can find it easily..(把书放在你容易找到的地方。)(无先行
词)
-定语从句:This is the library where I studied last year..(这是我去年学习的图书馆。)(先行词为
library)
真题再现:
1.(2024全国版教材地区模拟)You should go.一you are most needed.
A.which B.where C.that D.what
2
高中全国版
【寒假专版】
句法语法精讲
答案:B
解析:从句前无先行词,表“最需要你的地方”,用where引导地点状语从句。
2.(2023全国版教材单元测试)This is the village一my grandparents lived for50 years.
A.when B.which C.where D.whose
答案:C
解析:先行词为the village(地点),从句中lived缺地点状语,用where引导定语从句。
易错点四:结果状语从句中so/such的用法混淆
讲解:
so修饰形容词/副词,结构为“so+adj./adv.+that从句”:
such修饰名词,结构为“s1ch+(a/an)+adj.+n.+tht从句”。
例句:
-so:He ran so fast that no one could catch him..(他跑得太快,没人能追上他。)(修饰副词fast)
-sch:She is such a kind girl that everyone likes her..(她是个如此善良的女孩,所有人都喜欢她。)(修
饰名词girl)
真题再现:
1.(2024全国版教材期末检测)The movie was_boring that I fell asleep halfway..
A.so B.such C.very D.too
答案:A
解析:空后为形容词boring,用so构成“so+adj.+that”结构,表“如此无聊以至于…”。
2.(2023全国版教材专项练习)It was一interesting story that we read it twice.
A.so B.such an C.such a D.very
答案:B
解析:空后为可数名词单数stoy,且interesting以元音音素开头,用“such an+adj.+n.”结构。
易错点五:让步状语从句连接词though/although与but连用错误
讲解:
though/although(虽然)引导让步状语从句时,主句前不可用but(但是),二者只能用其一(可与
yet连用)。
例句:
-正确:Though he is young,he knows a lot..(虽然他年轻,但懂得很多。)
-错误:Though he is young,but he knows a lot.
3
高中全国版
【寒假专版】
句法语法精讲
真题再现:
1.(2024全国版教材地区联考)一-she is only 10 years old,she can speak three languages.
A.Because B.Though C.But D.So
答案:B
解析:句意为“虽然她只有10岁,但会说三种语言”,用though引导让步状语从句,不可与but连用。
2.(2023全国版教材同步测试)it rained heavily,we still went to the concert,
A.If B.When C.Though D.Because
答案:C
解析:“雨下得大”与“去音乐会”为让步关系,用hough引导,主句无需加but。
易错点综合演练
综合演练
I,单项选择(直击易错点)
l.We were playing basketball_the rain started.(易错点一)
A.if B.when C.unless D.because
2.Ifshe一early tomorrow,she一the first bus.(易错点二)
A.gets;catches B.will get;catch C.gets;will catch D.will get;will catch
3.Please put the dictionary一you can reach it easily..(易错点三)
A.where B.which C.that D.what
4.The story was.一moving that many people cried.(易错点四)
A.so B.such C.very D.too
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空(强化易错点区分)
l._(unless)you work hard,.you won't pass the exam.(易错点一)
2.My brother_(watch)TV when I一(come)home last night.(易错点二)
3.This is the park_(where)we had a picnic last week.(易错点三)
4.It was一(such)a beautiful day that we decided to go hiking.(易错点四)
Ⅱ.短文填空(综合运用四大易错点)
用适当的连接词或时态填空,使短文完整通顺。
Last Sunday,I-(do)my homework-my mother came in.She asked me to go shopping with her.I
4
高中全国版
【寒假专版】
句法语法精讲
told her I would go_I finished my homework.The supermarket was_crowded that we had to wait
in line for a long time.-it was tiring,we felt happy because we bought many delicious foods.
IV连词成句(聚焦易错句式)
1.wil,if,tomorrow,sunny,we,go,it,is,hiking,.()(易错点二)
2.the,was,I,when,cooking,phone,.rang,()(易错点二)
3.where,you,told,me,the,is,library,(2)(易错点三)
4.so,he,that,ran,fast,could't,L,catch,him,()(易错点四)
参考答案
I单项选择
1B2.C3.A4.A
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.Unless 2.was watching;came 3.where 4.such
I.短文填空
1.was doing 2.when 3.if 4.so 5.Though
V.连词成句
1.If it is sunny tomorrow,we will go hiking.
2.I was cooking when the phone rang
3.Where is the library you told me?
4.He ran so fast that I couldn't catch him.
5