非谓语动词-2025-2026学年高中英语语法易错点精讲（全国版）

高中全国版 【寒假专版】 非谓语动词语法精讲 寒假专版 非谓语动词专项训练 寒假语法易错点精讲 学段：高中教材：全国版 年级：非谓语动词 语法认知 现在分词doing表示主动或进行，过去分词done表示被动或完成，在句中可作定语、状语、补足 语、表语。 易错点讲解 易错点一：现在分词与过去分词作定语的混淆 讲解： 现在分词(dong)表示主动或正在进行的动作，修饰人或物时具有“主动/进行”含义；过去分词 (done) 表示被动或已完成的动作，修饰人或物时具有“被动/完成”含义。 例句： -The barking dog(主动：狗正在叫吵→The barked dog(被动：狗被吠叫，逻辑不当，需用barking) -The broken window(被动/完成：窗户被打破了)→The breaking window(主动/进行：窗户正在破 裂) 真题再现： (2024全国卷I语法填空，人教版)The_(fall)leaves covered the ground like a golden blanket.. 答案：fallen 解析：leaves与fall之间是被动关系（叶子被落下），且动作已完成，用过去分词fallen作定语。 (2023江苏苏州期中，译林版)We should pay attention to the_(rise)sun.It's a symbol of hope 答案：rising 解析：sun与rise之间是主动关系（太阳正在升起)，用现在分词rising作定语。 易错点二：分词作状语时逻辑主语与句子主语不一致 高中全国版 【寒假专版】 非谓语动词语法精讲 讲解： 分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子主语一致。若不一致，需在分词前添加独立主格结构（逻 辑主语+分词)。 例句： -Walking in the park,the flowers attracted me.(错误：flowers不能发出walk的动作) -Walking in the park,I was attracted by the flowers.(正确：I是walking的逻辑主语) 真题再现： (2024浙江杭州期末，人教版)_(see)from the top of the mountain,the city looks more beautiful. 答案：Seen 解析：句子主语the city与see之间是被动关系（城市被看)，逻辑主语一致，用过去分词Seem。 (2023湖北武汉月考，外研版)Weather_(permit),we will go for a picnic tomorrow, 答案：permitting 解析：逻辑主语Weather与permit是主动关系，且与句子主语we不一致，用独立主格结构weather permitting。 易错点三：现在分词与不定式作宾语补足语的混淆 讲解： 感官动词(see,her等)后接现在分词(doing)表示动作正在进行：接不带to的不定式(do)表 示动作全过程或经常性动作。 例句： -I saw her dancing in the room.(动作正在进行) -I saw her dance in the room yesterday..(动作全过程) 真题再现： (2024山东青岛期中，鲁教版)I heard someone_(sing)loudly outside when I was doing homework 答案：singing 解析：“做作业时听到有人正在唱歌”，动作正在进行，用现在分词singing。 (2023河南郑州期末，人教版)The teacher often watches the students_(play)basketball after school. 答案：play 解析：“经常看学生打篮球”，表示动作经常性、全过程，用不带to的不定式ply。 易错点四：过去分词作表语与被动语态的混淆 2 高中全国版 【寒假专版】 非谓语动词语法精讲 讲解： 过去分词作表语表示主语的状态(“感到…的”)：被动语态表示主语承受的动作（强调动作本身）。 例句： -The window is broken.(表语：窗户是破的，状态) -The window was broken by the boy.(被动语态：窗户被男孩打破了，动作) 真题再现： (2024四川成都月考，北师大版)一Why are you so upset??—My favorite cup is_brek) 答案：broken 解析：表示杯子的状态“破了”，用过去分词broken作表语。 (2023广东广州期末，人教版)The bridge_(build)last year is now open to the public. 答案：built 解析：bridge与build是被动关系，且动作已完成，用过去分词built作定语（非被动语态，被动语 态需有be动词)。 易错点五：分词的完成式与一般式的误用 讲解： 现在分词完成式(having done)表示动作发生在主句动作之前：一般式(doing)表示与主句动作 同时发生或稍后发生。 例句： -Having finished my homework,I went out to play..(先完成作业，再出去玩) -Finishing my homework,I turned on the TV.(完成作业的同时打开电视) 真题再现 (2024全国卷Ⅱ语法填空，人教版)(live)in the city for ten years,.he knows every corner of it. 答案：Having lived 解析：“住了十年”发生在“熟悉角落”之前，用现在分词完成式Having lived。. (2023 安徽合肥期中，外研版)_(walk)along the street,.she met an old friend. 答案：Walking 解析：“走路”与“遇见朋友”同时发生，用现在分词一般式Walking。 易错点综合演练 3 高中全国版 【寒假专版】 非谓语动词语法精讲 综合演练 I,单项选择（直击易错点） 1.The_(fal)leaves covered the ground like a golden blanket.（易错点一) A.falling B.fallen C.fall D.falls 2._(see)from the top of the mountain,the city looks more beautiful.(易错点二) A.Seeing B.Saw C.Seen D.To see 3.I heard someone_(sing)loudly outside when I was doing homework.（易错点三) A.sing B.to sing C.singing D.sings 4._(live)in the city for ten years,he knows every comner of it..(易错点五) A.Living B.Having lived C.Lived D.To live Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空（强化易错点区分） l.We should pay attention to the_(rise)sun.It's a symbol of hope.(易错点一) 2.Weather_(permit),we will go for a picnic tomorrow.(易错点二) 3.The teacher often watches the students_(play)basketball after school.(易错点三) 4._(break)the window,he felt very sorry.（易错点五) Ⅱ.短文填空（综合运用四大易错点） 用所给词的适当形式填空，使短文完整通顺。（人教版教材课文改编） (walk)in the park yesterday,I saw a lot of interesting things.A girl was feeding the(run)dogs.They looked very happy.The(fall)leaves were dancing in the wind.(see)from a distance,they looked like colorful butterflies.I stopped to take some photos.My friend told me that if the weather(permit), we could come here again next weekend.I hope we can see more (interest)things then. V.连词成句（聚焦易错句式） 1.the,window,broken,,is,()(易错点四) 2.I,the,girl,dancing,saw,room,in,（)(易错点三) 3.mountain,fiom,the,top,the,seen,city,more,beautiful,looks,()（易错点二) 4.for,years,lived,he,has,the,in,city,ten,()(易错点五) 参考答案 4 高中全国版 【寒假专版】 非谓语动词语法精讲 I单项选择 1B2.C3.C4.B Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空 1.rising 2.permitting 3.play 4.Having broken III.短文填空 1.Walking 2.running 3.fallen 4.Seen 5.permits 6.interesting V.连词成句 1.The window is broken. 2.I saw the girl dancing in the room. 3.Seen from the top of the mountain,the city looks more beautiful. 4.Having lived in the city for ten years,he knows every comner of it.