Unit 4动词 - ed 形式作定语状语和宾语补足语-2025-2026学年高中英语必修三语法易错点精讲（译林版）

高中译林版 【语法精讲】 必修3Unit4 动词-ed形式专项训练 必修3Unit4语法易错点精讲 学段：高中教材：译林版年级：必修3 语法名称：Unit4:动词-ed形式作定语、状语和宾语补足语 语法认知 动词-ed形式（如broken,interested,written)=动词的过去分词形式，在句中可作定语修饰名词、作 状语修饰句子或作宾语补足语补充说明宾语。 易错点讲解 易错点一：混淆动词-ed形式与动词-ing形式作定语 讲解： 动词-ed形式作定语表被动或完成，与被修饰名词构成被动关系：动词-ing形式表主动或进行，与 被修饰名词构成主动关系。 例句：a broken window(被动，窗户被打破)：a sleeping child(主动，孩子正在睡觉) 真题再现： 1.(2024江苏苏州期中，译林版)Theworkers are repairing theroad. A.exhausting;damaged B.exhausted;damaging C.exhausted;damaged D.exhausting;damaging 答案：C解析：第一空“疲惫的工人”用exhausted(表被动感受)：第二空“被损坏的路”用 damaged(表被动完成)，符合译林版必修3语法要求。 2.(2023浙江杭州期末，译林版)We visited a一village and saw many-houses. A.disappearing;abandoned B.disappeared;abandoning C.disappeared;abandoned D.disappearing;abandoning 答案：A解析：第一空“正在消失的村庄”用disappearing（主动进行)；第二空“被遗弃的房 子”用abandoned(被动完成)。 易错点二：动词-ed形式作状语时逻辑主语与主句主语不一致 高中译林版 【语法精讲】 必修3Unit4 讲解： 动词-d形式作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与主句主语一致，否则需用独立主格结构。 例句：Seen from the top,.the city looks beautiful.(逻辑主语the city与seen构成被动关系) 真题再现： 1.(2024安徽合肥月考，译林版)_in the mountains for a week,the two students were finally saved by the local police. A.Lost B.Losing C.Having lost D.To lose 答案：A解析：主句主语the two students与lost(迷路)构成被动关系，逻辑主语一致，用过去 分词lost作状语，符合译林版必修3Uit4语法点。 2.(2023福建厦门期中，译林版)_by the heavy rain,we had to put off the sports meeting A.Being stopped B.Stopped C.Stopping D.Having stopped 答案：B解析：主句主语we与stopped(被阻止)构成被动关系，用过去分词作原因状语，逻 辑主语一致。 易错点三：动词-d形式作宾语补足语与宾语的被动关系判断错误 讲解： 动词-d形式作宾补时，宾语是其逻辑宾语（被动关系）：若宾语是逻辑主语（主动关系），需用动 词-ing形式。 例句：I heard the song sung in English.(song与sung是被动关系) 真题再现： 1.(2024山东青岛期末，译林版)When we came in,we found the windows一. A.cleaning B.cleaned C.to clean D.clean 答案：B解析：宾语windows与clean(被清洁)是被动关系，用过去分词cleaned作宾补，符 合译林版必修3语法要求。 2.(2023江苏南京月考，译林版)The teacher wants the homework_before Friday. A.finishing B.to finish C.finished D.finish 答案：C解析：宾语homework与finish(被完成)是被动关系，用过去分词finished作宾补。 易错点四：动词-d形式与系表结构的混淆 讲解： 动词-ed形式作定语/状语时表动作；系表结构中“be+过去分词”表状态（此时过去分词视为形容 词)。 2 高中译林版 【语法精讲】 必修3Unit4 例句：The door is closed..(系表结构，表状态)；Closed for repairs,.the shop won't open today..(过去 分词作状语，表动作) 真题再现： 1.(2024浙江宁波期中，译林版)The library_last year is now open to the public. A.built B.was built C.being built D.to be built 答案：A解析：built last year作定语，表被动动作（去年被建造），而非系表结构，故用过去分词buit。 2.(2023江苏无锡期末，译林版)_and angry,the man left the meeting room without saying a word. A.Disappointed B.Disappointing C.Being disappointed D.To be disappointed 答案：A解析：Disappointed作状语表状态（系表结构形容词化)，与angy并列，描述主语the man的感受。 易错点综合演练 综合演练 1.单项选择（直击易错点） l.The_children are playing with the_toys.(易错点一) A.exciting;interested B.excited,interesting C.exciting;interesting D.excited;interested 2.in the heavy snow for hours,.the driver finally arrived at the destination.(易错点二) A.Trapped B.Trapping C.Having trapped D.To trap 3.The manager noticed the documents_on the desk when he entered the office.(易错点三) A.laying B.laid C.to lie D.lie 4.and surprised,.Tom couldn't believe his eyes when he saw the gift.(易错点四) A.Shocking B.Shocked C.Being shocked D.To shock Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空（强化易错点区分） l.The_(break)vase was bought by my mother last year..(易错点一) 2._(see)from the hill,the village looks like a beautiful picture.(易错点二) 3.I found the door_(lock)when I came back home.(易错点三) 4.The_(close)shop will reopen next Monday after repairs.(易错点四) 3 高中译林版 【语法精讲】 必修3Unit4 1.短文填空（综合运用四大易错点) 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空，使短文完整通顺： Yesterday,I visited a small town.The(abandon)houses on the street looked quite old.(walk)along the road,I met an old man.He told me that the houses(build)in the 1950s.I noticed his(wrinkle) hands and felt sorry for him.When I left,he gave me a(paint)box.He said it was a gift from a friend ofhis. V.连词成句（聚焦易错句式） 1.the,window,broken,.by,was,strong,wind,()（易错点一) 2.we,the,novie,.interested,were,in,()(易错点四) 3.the,teacher,.students,.the,asked,to,hand,in,finished,homework,()(易错点三) 4.lost,in,the,forest,the,travelers,finally,found,were,()(易错点二) 参考答案 I单项选择 1B2.A3.B4B Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空 1.broken 2.Seen 3.locked 4.closed IL.短文填空 1.abandoned 2.Walking 3.built 4.wrinkled 5.painted V.连词成句 1.The window was broken by strong wind. 2.We were interested in the movie. 3.The teacher asked the students to hand in the finished homework. 4.The lost travelers in the forest were finally found. 4