内容正文:
高中外研版
【寒假专版】
必修1语法精讲
寒假专版
简单句五种基本句型专项训川练
寒假语法易错点精讲
学段:高中教材:外研版
年级:必修1
语法认知
高中外研版必修1Uit1:简单句五种基本句型是英语句子的基础结构模式,包括主语+谓语(不
及物动词)、主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语、主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语、主语+谓语+
宾语+宾语补足语、主语+系动词+表语五种类型,它们构成了英语中所有简单句的基本框架。
易错点讲解
易错点一:主谓搭配不一致
讲解:
简单句中主语和谓语动词的数必须一致,第三人称单数主语后接动词第三人称单数形式,复数主
语或第一、二人称主语后接动词原形(除be动词外)。
例句:She plays basketball every day.(主语she是第三人称单数,动词play用plays)They play
basketball every day..(主语they是复数,动词play用原形)
真题再现:
1.(2024山东济南期中,外研版)My mother in a hospital.he_hard every day.
A work works
B works work
C works works
D work work
答案:C解析:第一句主语my mother是第三人称单数,动词用works;第二句主语she也是第
三人称单数,动词用works。.
2.(2024河北石家庄月考,外研版)The stu1 dents English now.Some of them
from Class
One.
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A are studying is
B study are
C are studying are
D study is
答案:C解析:第一句中有now,用现在进行时,主语students是复数,be动词用are:第二句
主语some of them是复数,be动词用are。
易错点二:及物动词后缺少宾语
讲解:
及物动词(如like,eat,buy等)后面必须接宾语,否则句子结构不完整;不及物动词(如come,go,
un等)后面不能直接接宾语,若要接宾语需加介词。
例句:She likes apples.(及物动词like后接宾语apples)He runs fast..(不及物动词un后无宾语)
He listens to music.(不及物动词listen加介词to后接宾语music)
真题再现:
1.(2023天津和平区期末,外研版)My father often
newspapers after dinner.
A reads
B looks
C watches
Dsees
答案:A解析:Iead后可直接接宾语newspapers,look/watch/see表示“看”时,look后需加at,
watch常接电视/比赛等,see强调结果,此处“读报纸”用read。
2.(2023山西运城期中,外研版)He wants basketball with his friends.
A play
B to play
Cplaying
Dplays
答案:B解析:want是及物动词,常用结构“want to do sth.”,此处缺少不定式作宾语,to play
符合结构要求。
易错点三:“主系表”句型中系动词使用错误
讲解:
“主系表”句型中的系动词包括be动词(am/is/are)、感官动词(look,sound,taste,smell,.feel)和
状态动词(become,.get,turn等),后接形容词作表语,不能接副词。
例句:The flowers look beautiful.(系动词look后接形容词beautiful作表语,不能用副词beautifully)
2
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真题再现:
1.(2024辽宁沈阳月考,外研版)The music_good.I like it very much..
A sounds
B listens
Chears
D feels
答案:A
解析:sound是系动词,后接形容词good作表语,listen是不及物动词需加to,hear强
调结果,feel表示“感觉”,此处“音乐听起来好”用sounds。
2.(2023
重庆江北区期末,外研版)Her face__red when she heard the news.
A turned
B got
Cbecame
D all above
答案:D解析:turn/get/become都可作系动词表示“变得”,后接形容词red,此处三个选项均符
合语法要求,all above正确。
易错点四:双宾语结构中代词位置错误
讲解:
“主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语”结构中,若直接宾语是代词(it/hem),必须放在间接
宾语前,且间接宾语前需加介词to/for:若直接宾语是名词,可放在间接宾语前或后(放前时加介
词)。
例句:He gave me a book.=He gave a book to me.(直接宾语a book是名词,位置可换)He gave it
tome.(直接宾语it是代词,必须放在间接宾语前加to)
真题再现:
1.(2024山东青岛期中,外研版)Please pass_
the salt.I need
Ame it
B it me
Cme to it
D it to me
答案:A解析:pass后接双宾语,直接宾语sat是名词,间接宾语me可放在直接宾语前,无需
加介词,pass me the salt符合结构。
2.(2023河北唐山期末,外研版)My mother bought_a new dress and I like very much
A me it
B it me
Cme to it
3
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D it to me
答案:A解析:第一空间接宾语me放在直接宾语a new dress前,第二空it指代dress作like的
宾语,符合“动词+间接宾语+直接宾语”结构。
易错点五:“主谓宾宾补”句型中宾补成分错误
讲解:
“主谓宾宾补”句型中,宾语补足语通常由形容词、名词、不定式(不带0的不定式用于使役动
词make/Iet/have等后)、分词等充当,需注意不定式作宾补时的符号to。
例句:We made him happy.(形容词happy作宾补)They call her Mary.(名词May作宾补)Ilethim
go.(不带to的不定式go作宾补)My mother asks me to study hard.(带to的不定式to study作宾
补)
真题再现:
1.(2024辽宁大连月考,外研版)The teacher often tells us_carefully in class.
A listen
B to listen
C listening
D listens
答案:B
解析:tell后接“宾语+to do sth.”结构,不定式to listen作宾补,tell us to listen符合语
法要求。
2.(2023
天津南开区期中,外研版)His words made me一angy.
Afeel
B to feel
Cfeeling
Dfelt
答案:A解析:make后接不带to的不定式作宾补,make me feel angry中feel用原形,符合“make+
宾语+不带t0的不定式”结构。
易错点综合演练
综合演练
I.单项选择(直击易错点)
l.My brother usually_to school by bike.(易错点一)
A.go B.goes C.going D.to go
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2.She wants
a cup of tea..(易错点二)
A.have B.to have C.having D.has
3.The cake
delicious..(易错点三)
A.tastes B.eats C.feels D.sounds
4.He gave_a present yesterday..(易错点四)
A.me it B.it me C.to me it D.it for me
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空(强化易错点区分)
1.The students
(tead)books in the library now.(易错点一)
2.My mother often tells me_(clean)the room.(易错点二)
3.The music__(sound)beautiful.(易错点三)
4.Tom
(give)his sister a toy car last week.(易错点四)
Ⅱ.短文填空(综合运用四大易错点)
用括号内所给词的适当形式填空,使短文完整通顺。(外研版教材课文改编)
My name is Li Ming.I have a good friend.He(live)near my home.Every morning,we
(walk)to school together.He likes(play)basketball.After school,he often
(invite)me to
play with him.His favorite food is noodles.They
(taste)great.Last Sunday,his mother
(make)noodles for us.We(enjoy)them very much.He also
(give)me a storybook.It
(be)very interesting.I(like)it a lot
V连词成句(聚焦易错句式)
1.she,every day,plays,tennis.(易错点一)
2.want,I,to,with,my,friends,swim.(易错点二)
3.the,song,sounds,nice.(易错点三)
4.my father,me,a bike,.bought.(易错点四)
参考答案
I单项选择
1B2.B3.A4.A
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高中外研版
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Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.are reading 2.to clean 3.sounds 4.gave
II.短文填空
1.lives 2.walk 3.playing 4.invites 5.taste
6.made 7.enjoyed 8.gave 9.is 10.like
V.连词成句
1.She plays tennis every day.
2.I want to swim with my friends.
3.The song sounds nice.
4.My father bought me a bike.
6