动词不定式作宾语及目的状语-2025-2026学年七年级英语下册语法易错点精讲（沪外版）

初中沪外版 【寒假专版】 7年级下册语法精讲 寒假专版 动词不定式：作宾语及目的状语 寒假语法易错点精讲 学段：初中教材：沪外版年级：7年级下册 语法认知 动词不定式(to+动词原形)作宾语时是放在及物动词后表示动作的对象，作目的状语时是说明做 某事的目的，在句中可作宾语、目的状语。 易错点讲解 易错点一：及物动词后直接接不定式作宾语时遗漏0 讲解： 部分及物动词（如want,hope,decide等）后需直接接带to的不定式作宾语，学生易误省略to。 例句：She wants to go shopping.(正确)→She wants go shopping..(错误) 真题再现： l.(2024上海浦东期中，沪外版)He hopes一a doctor when he grows up. A become B to become C becoming D becomes 答案：B 解析：hope后需接不定式作宾语，即hope to do sth”,故选B。 2.(2024江苏苏州月考，沪外版)My mother decided_me to the zoo this weekend. A take B taking C to take D takes 答案：C 解析：decide后接不定式作宾语，“decide to do sth”表示“决定做某事'，故选C。 易错点二：感官动词和使役动词后不定式作宾语补足语时多接o 1 初中沪外版 【寒假专版】 7年级下册语法精讲 讲解： 感官动词(see,hear,watch等)和使役动词(make,let,have)后接不定式作宾语补足语时，需省略 to(被动语态中to需还原)。 例句：I saw him run away.（正确，主动语态省略to)→I saw him to run away..(错误) 真题再现： 1.(2023浙江宁波期末，沪外版)We often hear the girl_in the next room. A sing B to sing C singing D sings 答案：A 解析：hear后接不定式作宾补时省略to,“hear sb do sth'”表示“听到某人做某事的全过程”，故选 A。 2.(2024安徽合肥期中，沪外版)The teacher made Tom_his homework again. A do B to do C doing D did 答案：A 解析：make后接不定式作宾补时省略to,“make sb do sth''表示“让某人做某事'，故选A。 易错点三：不定式作目的状语时位置不当或遗漏o 讲解： 不定式作目的状语时，通常放在句首或句末，表“为了”，需带o,不可用动词原形。 例句：To get good grades,.he studies hard.(句首)/He studies hard to get good grades..(句末) 真题再现： 1.(2024上海徐汇期末，沪外版)_late for school,,we get up early every morning. A Not be B Don't be C To not be D Not to be 答案：D 解析：不定式作目的状语表“为了不”，否定形式为“not to do'”,故选D。 2.(2023江苏无锡月考，沪外版)She went to the library一some books.. A borrow B to borrow C borrowing D borrowed 答案：B 解析：不定式to borrow表目的，说明去图书馆的目的是“借一些书”，故选B。 易错点四：“疑问词+不定式”结构中疑问词后缺少不定式符号0 2 初中沪外版 【寒假专版】 7年级下册语法精讲 讲解： “疑问词(what,how,where等)+不定式”结构中，疑问词后必须接带to的不定式，不可直接接动 词原形。 例句：Idon't know how to solve the problem.(正确)→Idon't know how solve the problem.(错误) 真题再现： 1.(2024浙江杭州期中，沪外版)Could you please tell me_the nearest post office? A how get to B how to get to C to how get D get to how 答案：B 解析：“疑问词+不定式”结构中，疑问词ow后需接to get to,表“如何到达”，故选B。 2.(2023上海长宁期末，沪外版)He is thinking about一a birthday gift for his mother. A what to buy B what buy C to buy what D buy what 答案：A 解析：“疑问词what+不定式to buy''作about的宾语，表“买什么”，故选A。 易错点综合演练 综合演练 I,单项选择（直击易错点） 1.She hopes一the math competition next month.（易错点一) A enter B to enter C entering D enters 2.We watched the children_happily in the park yesterday.(易错点二) A play B to play C playing D plays 3._improve his listening skills,.Tom listens to English news every day.（易错点三) A Not B Don't C To D For 4.Can you tell me_this machine?(易错点四) A how use B how to use C to how use d use how IⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空（强化易错点区分） l.My brother decided_(leam)swimming this summer.(易错点一) 2.I heard her一(sing)a song in the classroom just now.(易错点二) 3.They go to the park early一(catch)the beautiful sunrise.(易错点三) 3 初中沪外版 【寒假专版】 7年级下册语法精讲 4.He is wondering一(do)next after finishing his homework.（易错点四) Ⅱ.短文填空（综合运用四大易错点） 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空，使短文完整通顺。 Linda wants 1.-(be)a dancer when she grows up.She practices dancing every day 2.-(improve)her skills.Her teacher often watches her 3.(dance)and gives her advice.One day,her friend asked her, "Do you know 4.(become)a good dancer?"Linda smiled and said,"I think the most important thing is to keep practicing." V连词成句（聚焦易错句式） l.to,she,decided,a,doctor,be()(易错点一) 2.the,teacher,us,read,let,loudly()(易错点二) 3.to,the,we,early,station,left,get to,.on time()(易错点三) 4.how,you,tell,can,me,the,museum,to,get to(?)(易错点四) 参考答案 I单项选择 1B2.A3.C4B Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空 1.to learn 2.sing 3.to catch 4.what to do I短文填空 1.to be 2.to improve 3.dance 4.how to become V.连词成句 1.She decided to be a doctor. 2.The teacher let us read loudly. 3.We left early to get to the station on time. 4.Can you tell me how to get to the museum? 4