内容正文:
外研社高一必修一Unit 3 单词表
教师备课材料
1. character /ˈkærɪktə/
词性: n.
词义: (书、剧本、电影等中的)人物,角色;性格;字符
近义词: role, personality
词性转换: characterize (v. 描绘...的特性;成为...的特征), characteristic (n./adj. 特征/特有的)
常见搭配: main character (主角), in character/out of character (符合/不符合性格)
例句: The novel’s main character is a young detective.
这部小说的主要角色是一个年轻的侦探。
词性转换练习:
1. His novels are ______ (character) by vivid descriptions of rural life. (动词,以...为特征)
2. Honesty is one of her defining ______ (character). (名词,特征)
答案与解析:
1. characterized。解析:此处为被动语态,动词需用过去分词。
2. characteristics。解析:代词“her”后接名词,此处指“特征”,常用复数。
2. approach /əˈprəʊtʃ/
词性: v./n.
词义: v. 走近,靠近;着手处理; n. 方法;途径
近义词: near, come close (v.); method, way (n.)
反义词: leave, depart (v.)
词性转换: approachable (adj. 可接近的;亲切的)
常见搭配: approach a problem (处理问题), a new approach (新方法)
例句: As we approached the city, the traffic became heavier.
当我们接近城市时,交通变得更加拥挤。
词性转换练习:
1. The teacher is very friendly and ______ (approach). (形容词,亲切的)
2. We need to find a different ______ (approach) to solving this issue. (名词,方法)
答案与解析:
1. approachable。解析:此处需要形容词作表语,描述老师的特质。
2. approach。解析:不定冠词“a”后接可数名词单数。
3. chat /tʃæt/
词性: n./v.
词义: n. 闲谈,聊天; v. 聊天
近义词: talk, conversation
词性转换: chatty (adj. 爱闲聊的)
常见搭配: have a chat (聊天), chat with sb. (与某人聊天)
例句: We had a pleasant chat over coffee.
我们一边喝咖啡一边愉快地聊天。
词性转换练习:
1. She’s in a ______ (chat) mood today and has been talking non-stop. (形容词,爱闲聊的)
2. I saw them ______ (chat) happily in the corridor. (动词,进行时态)
答案与解析:
1. chatty。解析:此处需要形容词修饰“mood”。
2. chatting。解析:感官动词“saw”后接宾语+现在分词,表示动作正在进行。
4. focus /ˈfəʊkəs/
词性: v./n.
词义: v. (把...)集中(于); n. 焦点,中心
近义词: concentrate, center (v. & n.)
反义词: distract (v.); distraction (n.)
词性转换: focused (adj. 专注的)
常见搭配: focus on (专注于), the focus of attention (关注的焦点)
例句: You need to focus on your studies if you want to pass the exam.
如果你想通过考试,就需要专注于学习。
词性转换练习:
1. She is a highly ______ (focus) student who always achieves good grades. (形容词,专注的)
2. The ______ (focus) of the meeting will be next year’s budget. (名词,焦点)
答案与解析:
1. focused。解析:此处需要形容词修饰“student”。
2. focus。解析:定冠词“The”后接名词。
5. career /kəˈrɪə/
词性: n.
词义: 职业,事业;生涯
近义词: profession, occupation
词性转换: careerist (n. 野心家,追求名利者 - 略带贬义)
常见搭配: career path (职业道路), a successful career (成功的事业)
例句: He chose teaching as his lifelong career.
他选择教书作为自己的终身职业。
词性转换练习:
1. She is very ambitious and is often described as a ______ (career). (名词,指人)
2. He plans to pursue a ______ (career) in medicine. (名词,职业)
答案与解析:
1. careerist。解析:不定冠词“a”后接可数名词单数,指一类人。
2. career。解析:不定冠词“a”后接可数名词单数。
6. lawyer /ˈlɔːjə/
词性: n.
词义: 律师
近义词: attorney, counsel
常见搭配: hire a lawyer (聘请律师), defense lawyer (辩护律师)
例句: You should consult a lawyer before signing the contract.
签合同前你应该咨询一下律师。
词性转换练习:
1. It is against the ______ (lawyer) to drive without a license. (名词,法律)
2. She practices ______ (lawyer) in a big firm. (名词,律师职业)
答案与解析:
1. law。解析:此处需要名词“法律”,是“lawyer”的词根。
2. law。解析:动词“practices”后接名词,指“从事律师行业”。
7. assume /əˈsjuːm/
词性: v.
词义: 假定,假设,认为;承担(责任)
近义词: presume, suppose; take on
反义词: know, prove
词性转换: assumption (n. 假设), assumed (adj. 假定的)
常见搭配: assume that... (假设...), assume responsibility (承担责任)
例句: Let’s assume for a moment that your plan works.
让我们暂且假设你的计划行得通。
词性转换练习:
1. My ______ (assume) that he would help was wrong. (名词,假设)
2. He spoke with an ______ (assume) air of authority. (形容词,假装的)
答案与解析:
1. assumption。解析:物主代词“My”后接名词。
2. assumed。解析:此处需要形容词修饰“air”,意为“假装的,装出来的”。
8. respect /rɪˈspekt/
词性: v./n.
词义: v. 尊敬,敬重; n. 尊敬;方面
近义词: admire, esteem (v. & n.)
反义词: disrespect, despise (v.); disrespect (n.)
词性转换: respectable (adj. 值得尊敬的), respectful (adj. 表示尊敬的)
常见搭配: respect sb. for sth. (因某事尊重某人), in every respect (在各个方面)
例句: Students should respect their teachers.
学生应该尊敬老师。
词性转换练习:
1. He is a highly ______ (respect) member of the community. (形容词,值得尊敬的)
2. The children listened to the story in ______ (respect) silence. (形容词,表示尊敬的)
答案与解析:
1. respected。解析:此处需要形容词修饰“member”,表示“受尊敬的”。
2. respectful。解析:此处需要形容词修饰“silence”,表示“充满敬意的”。
9. studio /ˈstjuːdiəʊ/
词性: n.
词义: (音乐)录音室;摄影棚;画室;单间公寓
常见搭配: recording studio (录音室), film studio (电影制片厂), studio apartment (单间公寓)
例句: The band spent all night in the studio recording their new album.
乐队整晚都待在录音室里录制新专辑。
词性转换练习:
1. She rents a small ______ (studio) in the city center. (名词,单间公寓)
2. The movie was shot at a famous Hollywood ______ (studio). (名词,制片厂)
答案与解析:
1. studio。解析:不定冠词“a”后接可数名词单数。
2. studio。解析:不定冠词“a”后接可数名词单数。
10. court /kɔːt/
词性: n.
词义: 法院,法庭;球场;宫廷
近义词: tribunal, law court
词性转换: courtroom (n. 审判室)
常见搭配: appear in court (出庭), tennis court (网球场), the royal court (宫廷)
例句: The case will be heard in court next week.
此案将于下周在法庭审理。
词性转换练习:
1. The lawyers and the judge entered the ______ (court). (名词,审判室)
2. They booked a badminton ______ (court) for two hours. (名词,球场)
答案与解析:
1. courtroom。解析:定冠词“the”后接名词,特指审判的房间。
2. court。解析:不定冠词“a”后接可数名词单数。
11. ignore /ɪɡˈnɔː/
词性: v.
词义: 忽视,不理
近义词: disregard, overlook
反义词: notice, acknowledge
词性转换: ignorance (n. 无知), ignorant (adj. 无知的)
常见搭配: ignore sb.’s advice (忽视某人的建议)
例句: He completely ignored my warning and got into trouble.
他完全忽视了我的警告,结果惹上了麻烦。
词性转换练习:
1. His failure was due to his ______ (ignore) of the basic rules. (名词,忽视)
2. Many people are ______ (ignore) about the importance of a balanced diet. (形容词,无知的)
答案与解析:
1. ignorance。解析:物主代词“his”后接名词。
2. ignorant。解析:此处需要形容词作表语。
12. professional /prəˈfeʃənəl/
词性: adj./n.
词义: adj. 职业的,专业的; n. 专业人士
近义词: occupational, expert (adj.); expert, specialist (n.)
反义词: amateur, unprofessional (adj.); amateur (n.)
词性转换: profession (n. 职业), professionalism (n. 专业精神)
常见搭配: professional advice (专业建议), a true professional (真正的专业人士)
例句: She always maintains a professional attitude at work.
她在工作中总是保持专业的态度。
词性转换练习:
1. Teaching is a rewarding ______ (professional). (名词,职业)
2. He handled the crisis with great ______ (professional). (名词,专业精神)
答案与解析:
1. profession。解析:不定冠词“a”后接可数名词单数。
2. professionalism。解析:介词“with”后接名词。
13. suit /suːt/
词性: v./n.
词义: v. 适合,适宜; n. 一套衣服;诉讼
近义词: fit, be appropriate for (v.); lawsuit (n. 诉讼)
反义词: clash with (v.)
词性转换: suitable (adj. 合适的), suitability (n. 适合性)
常见搭配: suit one’s needs (符合某人的需要), a business suit (西装)
例句: The job suits her personality perfectly.
这份工作非常适合她的性格。
词性转换练习:
1. Is this film ______ (suit) for young children? (形容词,合适的)
2. The bright red dress doesn’t ______ (suit) the formal occasion. (动词,适合)
答案与解析:
1. suitable。解析:此处需要形容词作表语。
2. suit。解析:助动词“doesn’t”后接动词原形。
14. talent /ˈtælənt/
词性: n.
词义: 天赋,才能;人才
近义词: gift, aptitude
词性转换: talented (adj. 有天赋的)
常见搭配: have a talent for (有...的天赋), a talent show (才艺表演)
例句: She showed a great talent for music at an early age.
她很小就显示出音乐天赋。
词性转换练习:
1. The school orchestra is full of ______ (talent) young musicians. (形容词,有天赋的)
2. He is a natural ______ (talent) in basketball. (名词,天才)
答案与解析:
1. talented。解析:此处需要形容词修饰“musicians”。
2. talent。解析:不定冠词“a”后接可数名词单数,指“有天赋的人”。
15. option /ˈɒpʃn/
词性: n.
词义: 选择,可选择的东西
近义词: choice, alternative
词性转换: optional (adj. 可选的)
常见搭配: have no option but to... (别无选择只能...), keep one’s options open (保留选择余地)
例句: You have the option of paying by cash or credit card.
你可以选择用现金或信用卡支付。
词性转换练习:
1. The computer course is ______ (option) for all students. (形容词,可选的)
2. We explored all possible ______ (option) before making a decision. (名词,选择)
答案与解析:
1. optional。解析:此处需要形容词作表语。
2. options。解析:形容词“possible”后接名词,常用复数。
16. sigh /saɪ/
词性: n./v.
词义: n. 叹气,叹息(尤因厌烦、失望、疲倦等); v. 叹气
常见搭配: give a sigh (叹了口气), sigh with relief (宽慰地舒了口气)
例句: He gave a deep sigh of disappointment.
他失望地深深叹了口气。
词性转换练习:
1. “I give up,” she said with a ______ (sigh). (名词,叹息)
2. He ______ (sigh) heavily as he looked at the pile of work. (动词,叹气)
答案与解析:
1. sigh。解析:不定冠词“a”后接可数名词单数。
2. sighed。解析:主句是过去时,动词需用过去式。
17. curtain /ˈkɜːtn/
词性: n.
词义: (舞台上的)幕,帷幕;窗帘
近义词: drape
常见搭配: raise/lower the curtain (拉开幕布/降下幕布), behind the curtain (幕后)
例句: The curtain rises at 7:30 p.m. sharp.
晚上七点半整幕布升起。
词性转换练习:
1. Please draw the ______ (curtain) to keep the sunlight out. (名词,窗帘)
2. The actors took their places behind the ______ (curtain). (名词,幕布)
答案与解析:
1. curtains。解析:此处指窗帘,通常用复数。
2. curtain。解析:定冠词“the”后接名词单数,特指舞台幕布。
18. generation /ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃn/
词性: n.
词义: 一代(人);产生
近义词: age group
词性转换: generate (v. 产生,发电), generative (adj. 能生产的)
常见搭配: the younger/older generation (年轻/年老一代), a generation gap (代沟)
例句: There is often a misunderstanding between different generations.
不同代人之间常常存在误解。
词性转换练习:
1. Wind turbines are used to ______ (generation) electricity. (动词,产生)
2. The new policy has ______ (generation) a lot of public discussion. (动词,引起)
答案与解析:
1. generate。解析:动词不定式“to”后接动词原形。
2. generated。解析:此处需要动词的过去分词,构成现在完成时。
19. gap /ɡæp/
词性: n.
词义: 差距,差别;缺口,缝隙
近义词: difference, disparity; opening
词性转换: gappy (adj. 有缺口的 - 不常用)
常见搭配: bridge the gap (缩小差距), a gap in the market (市场空白)
例句: There is still a significant pay gap between men and women in some industries.
在一些行业,男女之间仍然存在显著的薪酬差距。
词性转换练习:
1. The ______ (gap) between the rich and the poor is widening. (名词,差距)
2. We need to find a way to close the communication ______ (gap). (名词,隔阂)
答案与解析:
1. gap。解析:定冠词“The”后接名词单数。
2. gap。解析:定冠词“the”后接名词单数。
20. currently /ˈkʌrəntli/
词性: adv.
词义: 现时,当前
近义词: at present, presently
反义词: previously, formerly
词性转换: current (adj. 当前的; n. 水流;电流), currency (n. 货币)
常见搭配: (常用于动词前或句首)
例句: The director is currently working on a new film project.
导演目前正在做一个新的电影项目。
词性转换练习:
1. What is the ______ (currently) exchange rate for US dollars? (形容词,当前的)
2. The ______ (currently) in this river is very strong. (名词,水流)
答案与解析:
1. current。解析:此处需要形容词修饰“exchange rate”。
2. current。解析:定冠词“The”后接名词。
21. regularly /ˈreɡjələli/
词性: adv.
词义: 经常;有规律地
近义词: frequently, often
反义词: rarely, irregularly
词性转换: regular (adj. 经常的;有规律的), regulate (v. 管理,调节), regulation (n. 规则)
常见搭配: exercise regularly (定期锻炼)
例句: She regularly volunteers at the local animal shelter.
她经常在当地的动物收容所做志愿者。
词性转换练习:
1. He is a ______ (regularly) customer at that café. (形容词,常来的)
2. Strict safety ______ (regularly) must be followed in the lab. (名词,规定)
答案与解析:
1. regular。解析:此处需要形容词修饰“customer”。
2. regulations。解析:此处需要可数名词复数。
22. responsible /rɪˈspɒnsəbl/
词性: adj.
词义: (对事件、错误、罪行等)负有责任的,应承担责任的;有责任心的
近义词: accountable, liable; dependable
反义词: irresponsible
词性转换: responsibility (n. 责任), responsibly (adv. 负责任地)
常见搭配: be responsible for (对...负责), a responsible citizen (有责任心的公民)
例句: The driver was held responsible for the accident.
司机被认定对这起事故负有责任。
词性转换练习:
1. Taking care of a pet teaches children a sense of ______ (responsible). (名词,责任)
2. Parents should act ______ (responsible) and set a good example. (副词,负责任地)
答案与解析:
1. responsibility。解析:此处需要名词。
2. responsibly。解析:此处需要副词修饰动词“act”。
23. memory /ˈmeməri/
词性: n.
词义: 记忆,回忆;存储器
近义词: recollection, remembrance
反义词: forgetfulness
词性转换: memorize (v. 记住), memorial (n./adj. 纪念碑/纪念的)
常见搭配: have a good/bad memory (记忆力好/差), in memory of (为纪念...)
例句: I have fond memories of my childhood.
我对童年有着美好的回忆。
词性转换练习:
1. Actors have to ______ (memory) their lines. (动词,记住)
2. A ______ (memory) was built to honor the war heroes. (名词,纪念碑)
答案与解析:
1. memorize。解析:动词不定式“to”后接动词原形。
2. memorial。解析:不定冠词“A”后接可数名词单数。
24. nowadays /ˈnaʊədeɪz/
词性: adv.
词义: 现今,现时
近义词: these days, currently
反义词: in the past, formerly
例句: Nowadays, more and more people work remotely.
现今,越来越多的人远程工作。
词性转换练习:
1. ______ (nowadays) technology develops at an incredible speed. (副词,现今)
2. Life was much simpler in the past compared to ______ (nowadays). (副词,现在)
答案与解析:
1. Nowadays。解析:此处需要副词置于句首,作时间状语。
2. nowadays。解析:介词“to”后接名词或代词,但“nowadays”作为时间副词也可用于此类比较。
25. jaw /dʒɔː/
词性: n.
词义: 下巴,下颌
近义词: chin (下巴尖), mandible (下颚骨 - 专业术语)
词性转换: (通常无词性转换)
常见搭配: jaw-dropping (令人瞠目结舌的), the upper/lower jaw (上/下颌)
例句: He clenched his jaw in determination.
他坚定地咬紧了下巴。
词性转换练习:
1. The news was so shocking it was ______ (jaw). (构成合成形容词)
2. He broke his ______ (jaw) in the accident. (名词,颌骨)
答案与解析:
1. jaw-dropping。解析:此处需要合成形容词作表语。
2. jaw。解析:物主代词“his”后接名词。
26. beard /bɪəd/
词性: n.
词义: 胡须
近义词: facial hair
词性转换: bearded (adj. 有胡须的)
常见搭配: grow a beard (留胡子), a thick beard (浓密的胡须)
例句: He decided to shave off his long beard.
他决定刮掉他的长胡子。
词性转换练习:
1. The old sailor was a ______ (beard) man with a kind smile. (形容词,有胡须的)
2. His new ______ (beard) makes him look much older. (名词,胡子)
答案与解析:
1. bearded。解析:此处需要形容词修饰“man”。
2. beard。解析:物主代词“His”后接名词单数。
27. skin /skɪn/
词性: n.
词义: 皮肤;果皮;兽皮
近义词: hide (兽皮), peel (果皮)
词性转换: skinny (adj. 极瘦的), skin-deep (adj. 肤浅的)
常见搭配: have fair/dark skin (皮肤白皙/黝黑), skin care (护肤)
例句: She has very sensitive skin.
她的皮肤非常敏感。
词性转换练习:
1. He is too ______ (skin) and needs to gain some weight. (形容词,瘦的)
2. Beauty is only ______ (skin). (构成合成形容词)
答案与解析:
1. skinny。解析:此处需要形容词作表语。
2. skin-deep。解析:此处需要合成形容词作表语,意为“肤浅的”。
28. jogging /ˈdʒɒɡɪŋ/
词性: n.
词义: 慢跑锻炼
近义词: running
词性转换: jog (v. 慢跑)
常见搭配: go jogging (去慢跑)
例句: Jogging every morning helps me stay fit and healthy.
每天早上慢跑帮助我保持健康。
词性转换练习:
1. He usually ______ (jogging) in the park before work. (动词,慢跑)
2. She put on her ______ (jogging) shoes and headed out. (名词作定语,慢跑用的)
答案与解析:
1. jogs。解析:此处需要动词的一般现在时第三人称单数形式。
2. jogging。解析:此处是动名词作定语,修饰“shoes”。
29. slim /slɪm/
词性: adj.
词义: 苗条的,修长的;微小的
近义词: slender, thin
反义词: fat, overweight
词性转换: slimness (n. 苗条), slim down (v. 变苗条;缩减)
常见搭配: slim chance (渺茫的机会), a slim figure (苗条的身材)
例句: There’s only a slim chance of rain today.
今天下雨的可能性很小。
词性转换练习:
1. The company plans to ______ (slim) its workforce to cut costs. (动词短语,缩减)
2. She maintains her ______ (slim) by exercising regularly. (名词,苗条)
答案与解析:
1. slim down。解析:动词不定式“to”后接动词原形。
2. slimness。解析:物主代词“her”后接名词。
30. cheek /tʃiːk/
词性: n.
词义: 面颊,脸颊;厚脸皮
词性转换: cheeky (adj. 厚脸皮的;放肆的)
常见搭配: turn the other cheek (容忍,不予回击), cheek to cheek (脸贴脸)
例句: Tears ran down her cheeks.
眼泪顺着她的脸颊流下。
词性转换练习:
1. That was a ______ (cheek) thing to say to your teacher! (形容词,无礼的)
2. He has the ______ (cheek) to ask for more money after doing such a poor job. (名词,厚脸皮)
答案与解析:
1. cheeky。解析:此处需要形容词修饰“thing”。
2. cheek。解析:定冠词“the”后接不可数名词。
31. nation /ˈneɪʃn/
词性: n.
词义: 国家;民族
近义词: country, state
词性转换: national (adj. 国家的; n. 国民), nationality (n. 国籍)
常见搭配: the United Nations (联合国), a nation-wide survey (全国性调查)
例句: The entire nation celebrated the victory.
举国上下庆祝胜利。
词性转换练习:
1. The ______ (nation) anthem was played before the game. (形容词,国家的)
2. What is your ______ (nation)? (名词,国籍)
答案与解析:
1. national。解析:此处需要形容词修饰“anthem”。
2. nationality。解析:此处询问“国籍”,需用名词。
32. aim /eɪm/
词性: v./n.
词义: v. 力求达到;瞄准; n. 目标
近义词: strive, intend (v.); goal, objective (n.)
词性转换: aimless (adj. 无目的的)
常见搭配: aim at (旨在;瞄准), achieve one’s aim (实现目标)
例句: We aim to finish the project by Friday.
我们力争在周五前完成这个项目。
词性转换练习:
1. Without a plan, his life seems ______ (aim). (形容词,无目的的)
2. Her main ______ (aim) is to become a doctor. (名词,目标)
答案与解析:
1. aimless。解析:此处需要形容词作表语。
2. aim。解析:物主代词“Her”后接名词单数。
33. issue /ˈɪʃuː/
词性: n./v.
词义: n. (尤指社会或政治方面的)议题;争论的问题;一期(出版物); v. 发布,发行
近义词: topic, problem (n.); publish, release (v.)
词性转换: (通常无词性转换)
常见搭配: social issues (社会问题), issue a statement (发表声明), the latest issue (最新一期)
例句: Climate change is a major global issue.
气候变化是一个重大的全球性议题。
词性转换练习:
1. The government will ______ (issue) new guidelines next week. (动词,发布)
2. Have you read the latest ______ (issue) of the magazine? (名词,一期)
答案与解析:
1. issue。解析:情态动词“will”后接动词原形。
2. issue。解析:定冠词“the”和形容词“latest”后接名词。
34. theme /θiːm/
词性: n.
词义: 主题
近义词: topic, subject
词性转换: thematic (adj. 主题的)
常见搭配: theme song (主题曲), theme park (主题公园)
例句: Love is a central theme in many of Shakespeare’s plays.
爱情是莎士比亚许多戏剧的核心主题。
词性转换练习:
1. The conference will have several ______ (theme) sessions. (形容词,专题的)
2. The ______ (theme) of the party is “Hawaiian Luau”. (名词,主题)
答案与解析:
1. thematic。解析:此处需要形容词修饰“sessions”。
2. theme。解析:定冠词“The”后接名词。
35. observe /əbˈzɜːv/
词性: v.
词义: 庆祝,过(节日、生日等);观察;遵守;评论
近义词: celebrate; watch, monitor; comply with; remark
词性转换: observation (n. 观察;言论), observer (n. 观察者), observant (adj. 善于观察的)
常见搭配: observe a tradition (遵守传统), observe that... (评论说...)
例句: Do they observe Christmas in your country?
在你们国家,人们庆祝圣诞节吗?
词性转换练习:
1. The scientist made a careful ______ (observe) of the animals’ behavior. (名词,观察)
2. A good detective must be very ______ (observe). (形容词,敏锐的)
答案与解析:
1. observation。解析:不定冠词“a”后接可数名词单数。
2. observant。解析:此处需要形容词作表语。
36. range /reɪndʒ/
词性: n./v.
词义: n. 一系列;范围;山脉; v. (在一定范围内)变化
近义词: variety, assortment (n.); vary (v.)
词性转换: (通常无词性转换)
常见搭配: a wide range of (广泛的), range from...to... (范围从...到...)
例句: The store offers a wide range of products to choose from.
这家商店提供各种各样的产品可供选择。
词性转换练习:
1. The children’s ages ______ (range) from 5 to 12. (动词,在...范围内变化)
2. The price is out of my ______ (range). (名词,范围)
答案与解析:
1. range。解析:主语是复数“ages”,动词需用一般现在时复数形式。
2. price range。解析:此处需要名词,常与“price”搭配,意为“价格范围”。
37. event /ɪˈvent/
词性: n.
词义: 活动(指演出、体育比赛、聚会等);事件
近义词: occasion, happening
词性转换: eventful (adj. 多事的,变故多的)
常见搭配: sporting event (体育赛事), in any event (无论如何)
例句: The school sports event will be held next month.
学校体育活动将于下个月举行。
词性转换练习:
1. It was an ______ (event) year filled with both joy and sorrow. (形容词,多事的)
2. The concert was the main ______ (event) of the festival. (名词,活动)
答案与解析:
1. eventful。解析:此处需要形容词修饰“year”。
2. event。解析:定冠词“the”和形容词“main”后接名词单数。
38. apologise (apologize) /əˈpɒlədʒaɪz/
词性: v.
词义: 道歉
近义词: say sorry
词性转换: apology (n. 道歉)
常见搭配: apologise to sb. for sth. (为某事向某人道歉)
例句: You should apologise for being late.
你应该为迟到道歉。
词性转换练习:
1. He made a sincere ______ (apologise) for his mistake. (名词,道歉)
2. She ______ (apologise) to her friend for forgetting the birthday. (动词,过去时)
答案与解析:
1. apology。解析:不定冠词“a”后接可数名词单数。
2. apologised/apologized。解析:此处需要动词的过去式。
39. stress /stres/
词性: n./v.
词义: n. 重音,重读;压力; v. 强调;重读
近义词: emphasis, pressure (n.); emphasize (v.)
词性转换: stressful (adj. 压力大的)
常见搭配: lay/place stress on (强调), under stress (在压力下)
例句: The stress in the word “photograph” is on the first syllable.
“photograph” 这个词的重音在第一个音节上。
词性转换练习:
1. My job is very ______ (stress) at the moment. (形容词,有压力的)
2. The teacher ______ (stress) the importance of punctuality. (动词,强调)
答案与解析:
1. stressful。解析:此处需要形容词作表语。
2. stressed。解析:此处需要动词的过去式。
40. impact /ˈɪmpækt/
词性: n./v.
词义: n. 作用,影响;冲击; v. 对...产生影响
近义词: effect, influence (n.); affect (v.)
词性转换: impactful (adj. 有影响力的)
常见搭配: have an impact on (对...有影响), the impact of sth. (...的影响)
例句: The new policy has had a significant impact on the economy.
新政策对经济产生了重大影响。
词性转换练习:
1. The documentary was very ______ (impact) and changed many people’s views. (形容词,有影响力的)
2. How will the decision ______ (impact) our future? (动词,影响)
答案与解析:
1. impactful。解析:此处需要形容词作表语。
2. impact。解析:情态动词“will”后接动词原形。
41. strength /streŋθ/
词性: n.
词义: 强烈程度;力量;长处
近义词: intensity, power, forte
反义词: weakness
词性转换: strengthen (v. 加强,巩固), strong (adj. 强壮的)
常见搭配: on the strength of (基于,依据), inner strength (内在力量)
例句: The strength of her feelings surprised him.
她感情的强烈程度让他吃惊。
词性转换练习:
1. Regular exercise can ______ (strength) your muscles. (动词,加强)
2. One of her greatest ______ (strength) is her patience. (名词,长处)
答案与解析:
1. strengthen。解析:情态动词“can”后接动词原形。
2. strengths。解析:此处指“长处”,应用复数形式。
42. admire /ədˈmaɪə/
词性: v.
词义: 钦佩,赞美,羡慕
近义词: respect, look up to
反义词: despise, look down on
词性转换: admiration (n. 钦佩), admirable (adj. 令人钦佩的)
常见搭配: admire sb. for sth. (因某事钦佩某人)
例句: I really admire your courage.
我真的很钦佩你的勇气。
词性转换练习:
1. She looked at the painting with great ______ (admire). (名词,钦佩)
2. His dedication to his work is truly ______ (admire). (形容词,令人钦佩的)
答案与解析:
1. admiration。解析:介词“with”后接名词。
2. admirable。解析:此处需要形容词作表语。
43. judge /dʒʌdʒ/
词性: v./n.
词义: v. 认为,判断;审判; n. 法官;裁判员
近义词: consider, assess (v.)
词性转换: judgment (n. 判断;判决), judging by (根据...判断)
常见搭配: judge by/from (根据...判断), as far as I can judge (据我判断)
例句: You shouldn’t judge a book by its cover.
你不应该凭封面来评判一本书(勿以貌取人)。
词性转换练习:
1. In my ______ (judge), this is the best option. (名词,判断)
2. ______ (judge) from his accent, he must be from Scotland. (现在分词,构成独立结构)
答案与解析:
1. judgement/judgment。解析:物主代词“my”后接名词。
2. Judging。解析:此处是“Judging from/by...”固定结构,意为“从...来看”。
44. settle / settle for /ˈsetl/
词组: settle (v.) / settle for
词义: settle: 和解,结束(争论);安顿; settle for: 勉强接受,将就
近义词: resolve, agree on (settle); accept reluctantly (settle for)
反义词: argue, dispute (settle)
词性转换: settlement (n. 解决;协议;定居点)
常见搭配: settle down (定居;安定下来), settle a dispute (解决争端)
例句: They finally settled their argument. / I wanted a room with a view, but I had to settle for one without.
他们最终解决了争论。/ 我想要一间带风景的房间,但不得不将就住一间没有的。
词性转换练习:
1. The two companies reached a financial ______ (settle). (名词,协议)
2. Don’t ______ (settle for) second best; always aim for the top. (动词短语,满足于)
答案与解析:
1. settlement。解析:不定冠词“a”后接可数名词单数。
2. settle for。解析:情态动词的否定式“Don’t”后接动词原形。
45. triathlon /traɪˈæθlɒn/
词性: n.
词义: 铁人三项运动(游泳、自行车、长跑)
词性转换: triathlete (n. 铁人三项运动员)
常见搭配: compete in a triathlon (参加铁人三项比赛)
例句: Training for a triathlon requires immense endurance.
为铁人三项进行训练需要极大的耐力。
词性转换练习:
1. He is a professional ______ (triathlon). (名词,运动员)
2. The Ironman is a famous ______ (triathlon) event. (名词作定语)
答案与解析:
1. triathlete。解析:不定冠词“a”后接可数名词单数,指人。
2. triathlon。解析:名词作定语,修饰“event”。
46. series /ˈsɪəriːz/
词性: n. (单复同形)
词义: 系列比赛;系列;连续剧
近义词: sequence, set
词性转换: (通常无词性转换)
常见搭配: a series of (一系列), TV series (电视连续剧)
例句: The team won the championship after a thrilling series of games.
经过一轮激动人心的系列赛,队伍赢得了冠军。
词性转换练习:
1. There has been ______ (series) of burglaries in this neighborhood. (名词,一系列)
2. This is the final book in the ______ (series). (名词,系列丛书)
答案与解析:
1. a series。解析:固定搭配“a series of”(一系列),谓语动词用单数“has been”。
2. series。解析:定冠词“the”后接名词。
47. in the lead
词组: in the lead
词义: 领先
近义词: ahead, winning
反义词: behind, losing
常见搭配: (常用于比赛、竞争等语境)
例句: With only one lap to go, car number 7 is in the lead.
只剩最后一圈了,7号车领先。
词性转换练习:
1. Who is currently ______ (in the lead) in the race? (介词短语,领先)
2. She took the ______ (lead) early in the game and never lost it. (名词,领先地位)
答案与解析:
1. in the lead。解析:此处需要介词短语作表语。
2. lead。解析:定冠词“the”后接名词,意为“领先地位”。
48. onto /ˈɒntə/
词性: prep.
词义: 到……上,向……上
近义词: upon, on to
常见搭配: (表示动作的方向或位置移动)
例句: The cat jumped onto the table.
猫跳到了桌子上。
词性转换练习:
1. Please move these books ______ (onto) the top shelf. (介词,到...上)
2. He stepped out ______ (onto) the stage to loud applause. (介词,向...上)
答案与解析:
1. onto。解析:此处表示将书移到书架上的动作方向。
2. onto。解析:此处表示走出,走向舞台的动作方向。
49. track /træk/
词性: n./v.
词义: n. 跑道;轨道;踪迹; v. 跟踪
近义词: course, trail (n.); follow, trace (v.)
词性转换: tracker (n. 追踪者)
常见搭配: track and field (田径运动), keep track of (记录;掌握...的线索), lose track of (忘记;失去...的线索)
例句: The runners lined up at the start of the track.
跑步选手们在跑道起点处排成一排。
词性转换练习:
1. The shipment can be ______ (track) online using this number. (动词,追踪)
2. She’s a wildlife ______ (track) who studies animal movements. (名词,追踪者)
答案与解析:
1. tracked。解析:此处为被动语态,动词需用过去分词。
2. tracker。解析:不定冠词“a”后接可数名词单数,指人。
50. media /ˈmiːdiə/
词性: n. (复数,常与单数动词连用)
词义: 新闻媒体,传媒
近义词: press, news outlets
词性转换: medium (n. 单数形式;媒介)
常见搭配: mass media (大众传媒), social media (社交媒体)
例句: The media has a powerful influence on public opinion.
媒体对公众舆论有很大的影响力。
词性转换练习:
1. Television is an effective advertising ______ (media). (名词,媒介-单数)
2. The story was widely reported in the ______ (media). (名词,媒体)
答案与解析:
1. medium。解析:不定冠词“an”后接可数名词单数,“media”的单数形式是“medium”。
2. media。解析:定冠词“the”后接名词,此处为总称。
51. obviously /ˈɒbviəsli/
词性: adv.
词义: 明显地,显而易见地
近义词: clearly, evidently
反义词: obscurely
词性转换: obvious (adj. 明显的)
常见搭配: (常用于句首或动词前,强调显而易见的事实)
例句: Obviously, we need to find a solution to this problem.
显然,我们需要找到这个问题的解决办法。
词性转换练习:
1. It was ______ (obviously) that he was lying. (形容词,明显的)
2. The answer is ______ (obviously) wrong. (副词,明显地)
答案与解析:
1. obvious。解析:在“It is/was obvious that...”句型中,用形容词。
2. obviously。解析:此处需要副词修饰形容词“wrong”。
52. feature /ˈfiːtʃə/
词性: n./v.
词义: n.(报纸或杂志的)特写;特色;特征; v. 以...为特色;由...主演
近义词: article, report (n.); star, highlight (v.)
常见搭配: feature film (故事片,长片), a distinguishing feature (显著特征)
例句: The magazine ran a feature on climate change activists.
这家杂志刊登了一篇关于气候变化活动家的特写。
词性转换练习:
1. The new model ______ (feature) a more powerful engine. (动词,以...为特色)
2. The beautiful coastline is the main tourist ______ (feature) of the region. (名词,特色)
答案与解析:
1. features。解析:主语“model”是第三人称单数,动词需用一般现在时单数形式。
2. feature。解析:定冠词“the”和形容词“main”后接名词单数。
53. typically /ˈtɪpɪkli/
词性: adv.
词义: 一般,通常;典型地
近义词: usually, normally; characteristically
反义词: atypically, unusually
词性转换: typical (adj. 典型的)
常见搭配: (常用于句首或动词前)
例句: He typically gets up at 6 a.m.
他通常早上六点起床。
词性转换练习:
1. This is a ______ (typically) example of Roman architecture. (形容词,典型的)
2. She ______ (typically) wears jeans and a T-shirt. (副词,通常)
答案与解析:
1. typical。解析:此处需要形容词修饰“example”。
2. typically。解析:此处需要副词修饰动词“wears”。
54. individual /ˌɪndɪˈvɪdʒuəl/
词性: adj./n.
词义: adj. 独特的与众不同的(一般含褒义);个别的; n. 个人,个体
近义词: distinctive, personal (adj.); person (n.)
反义词: collective, common (adj.); group (n.)
词性转换: individuality (n. 个性), individualize (v. 使个性化)
常见搭配: individual style (个人风格), rights of the individual (个人权利)
例句: She has a very individual sense of style.
她有非常独特的时尚感。
词性转换练习:
1. We should respect each student’s ______ (individual). (名词,个性)
2. Each ______ (individual) has the right to express their opinion. (名词,个人)
答案与解析:
1. individuality。解析:物主代词“student’s”后接名词。
2. individual。解析:此处需要可数名词单数作主语。
55. style /staɪl/
词性: n.
词义: 风格;款式;方式
近义词: manner, fashion, design
词性转换: stylish (adj. 时髦的), stylist (n. 设计师;造型师)
常见搭配: in style (时髦地;隆重地), writing style (写作风格)
例句: I really like the style of this furniture.
我非常喜欢这件家具的款式。
词性转换练习:
1. She is always very ______ (style) and well-dressed. (形容词,时髦的)
2. He hired a hair ______ (style) for the wedding. (名词,造型师)
答案与解析:
1. stylish。解析:此处需要形容词作表语。
2. stylist。解析:不定冠词“a”后接可数名词单数,指人。
56. extra /ˈekstrə/
词性: adj./adv./n.
词义: adj. 额外的,另外的; adv. 额外地; n. 额外的事物;临时演员
近义词: additional, more (adj.); additionally (adv.)
反义词: basic, included (adj.)
词性转换: (通常无词性转换)
常见搭配: extra charge (额外费用), work extra hard (格外努力)
例句: We need extra chairs for the guests. / You have to pay extra for luggage.
我们需要为客人准备额外的椅子。/ 行李需要额外付费。
词性转换练习:
1. He ordered an ______ (extra) large pizza. (副词,格外)
2. Room service is available at an ______ (extra) cost. (形容词,额外的)
答案与解析:
1. extra。解析:此处需要副词修饰形容词“large”。
2. extra。解析:此处需要形容词修饰“cost”。
57. detail /ˈdiːteɪl/
词性: n./v.
词义: n. 细节,细微之处; v. 详述,详细说明
近义词: particular, specific (n.); specify, describe (v.)
词性转换: detailed (adj. 详细的)
常见搭配: in detail (详细地), attention to detail (注重细节)
例句: Please explain your plan in more detail.
请更详细地解释一下你的计划。
词性转换练习:
1. She gave a very ______ (detail) account of the incident. (形容词,详细的)
2. The report ______ (detail) the causes of the accident. (动词,详述)
答案与解析:
1. detailed。解析:此处需要形容词修饰“account”。
2. details。解析:主语“report”是第三人称单数,动词需用一般现在时单数形式。
58. contain /kənˈteɪn/
词性: v.
词义: 包含,含有;控制,抑制
近义词: include, hold; control, restrain
反义词: exclude
词性转换: container (n. 容器), containment (n. 控制,遏制)
常见搭配: contain oneself (克制自己)
例句: This bottle contains two liters of water.
这个瓶子装有两升水。
词性转换练习:
1. Food is often stored in plastic ______ (contain). (名词,容器)
2. The fire was finally brought under ______ (contain). (名词,控制)
答案与解析:
1. containers。解析:此处需要可数名词复数。
2. containment。解析:介词“under”后接名词。
59. summary /ˈsʌməri/
词性: n.
词义: 总结,概要
近义词: outline, abstract, recap
词性转换: summarize (v. 总结)
常见搭配: in summary (总而言之), a brief summary (简要总结)
例句: Could you give me a quick summary of the main points?
你能给我快速总结一下要点吗?
词性转换练习:
1. To ______ (summary), we need to focus on three key areas. (动词,总结)
2. The book includes a ______ (summary) at the end of each chapter. (名词,概要)
答案与解析:
1. summarize。解析:动词不定式“To”后接动词原形。
2. summary。解析:不定冠词“a”后接可数名词单数。
60. powerful /ˈpaʊəfl/
词性: adj.
词义: 强有力的,有影响的;(感染)力的
近义词: strong, influential; moving
反义词: weak, powerless
词性转换: power (n. 力量;权力), powerfully (adv. 有力地)
常见搭配: powerful engine (强劲的引擎), powerful speech (有力的演讲)
例句: The movie delivers a powerful message about peace.
这部电影传递了关于和平的强有力的信息。
词性转换练习:
1. Knowledge is ______ (powerful). (名词,力量)
2. The storm hit the coast ______ (powerful). (副词,猛烈地)
答案与解析:
1. power。解析:此处需要名词作表语。
2. powerfully。解析:此处需要副词修饰动词“hit”。
61. despite /dɪˈspaɪt/
词性: prep.
词义: 尽管,虽然
近义词: in spite of
常见搭配: despite the fact that... (尽管...)
例句: Despite the heavy rain, they continued the football match.
尽管下着大雨,他们还是继续了足球比赛。
词性转换练习:
1. ______ (despite) his lack of experience, he did the job very well. (介词,尽管)
2. She succeeded ______ (despite) all the difficulties. (介词,尽管)
答案与解析:
1. Despite。解析:此处需要介词引导让步状语。
2. despite。解析:此处需要介词,后接名词短语“all the difficulties”。
62. throughout /θruːˈaʊt/
词性: prep./adv.
词义: prep. 在整个期间,自始至终;遍及; adv. 自始至终,在所有方面
近义词: during, all through (prep.); everywhere (prep.); completely (adv.)
常见搭配: throughout the world (全世界), throughout history (贯穿历史)
例句: It rained throughout the night.
雨下了一整夜。
词性转换练习:
1. The news spread ______ (throughout) the school within minutes. (介词,遍及)
2. The house is carpeted ______ (throughout). (副词,全部)
答案与解析:
1. throughout。解析:此处需要介词,后接地点名词“the school”。
2. throughout。解析:此处需要副词,修饰动词“is carpeted”。
63. entire /ɪnˈtaɪə/
词性: adj.
词义: 全部的,整个的
近义词: whole, complete, total
反义词: partial, incomplete
词性转换: entirely (adv. 完全地)
常见搭配: the entire day (一整天), the entire population (全部人口)
例句: I spent the entire afternoon cleaning the house.
我花了整个下午打扫房子。
词性转换练习:
1. I ______ (entire) agree with you on that point. (副词,完全地)
2. The ______ (entire) project was finished ahead of schedule. (形容词,整个的)
答案与解析:
1. entirely。解析:此处需要副词修饰动词“agree”。
2. entire。解析:此处需要形容词修饰“project”。
64. enormously /ɪˈnɔːməsli/
词性: adv.
词义: 非常,极其
近义词: hugely, tremendously, extremely
词性转换: enormous (adj. 巨大的)
常见搭配: enormously popular/successful (极其受欢迎/成功)
例句: The Internet has enormously changed the way we communicate.
互联网极大地改变了我们的交流方式。
词性转换练习:
1. They faced an ______ (enormously) difficult task. (形容词,巨大的)
2. I enjoyed the concert ______ (enormously). (副词,非常)
答案与解析:
1. enormous。解析:此处需要形容词修饰“task”。
2. enormously。解析:此处需要副词修饰动词“enjoyed”。
65. million /ˈmɪljən/
词性: num./n.
词义: num. 百万; n. (pl.) 许多,无数
近义词: a great many, countless (n.)
词性转换: millionaire (n. 百万富翁)
常见搭配: millions of (数以百万计的;大量的)
例句: The city has a population of over ten million.
这个城市有一千多万人口。
词性转换练习:
1. He became a ______ (million) after his invention succeeded. (名词,百万富翁)
2. ______ (million) of stars are visible on a clear night. (名词,数百万)
答案与解析:
1. millionaire。解析:不定冠词“a”后接可数名词单数,指人。
2. Millions。解析:固定搭配“Millions of”,后接可数名词复数。
66. disqualify /dɪsˈkwɒlɪfaɪ/
词性: v.
词义: (因犯规而)取消……的资格
近义词: bar, exclude
反义词: qualify
词性转换: disqualification (n. 取消资格)
常见搭配: disqualify sb. from (使某人失去...资格)
例句: The athlete was disqualified from the race for a false start.
这名运动员因抢跑被取消了比赛资格。
词性转换练习:
1. His use of illegal drugs led to his ______ (disqualify) from the competition. (名词,取消资格)
2. Cheating will ______ (disqualify) you immediately. (动词,使失去资格)
答案与解析:
1. disqualification。解析:物主代词“his”后接名词。
2. disqualify。解析:情态动词“will”后接动词原形。
67. athlete /ˈæθliːt/
词性: n.
词义: 运动员,田径运动员
近义词: sportsman/sportswoman
词性转换: athletic (adj. 运动的;健壮的), athletics (n. 田径运动)
常见搭配: professional athlete (职业运动员)
例句: She is a gifted athlete who excels in both swimming and running.
她是一名有天赋的运动员,在游泳和跑步方面都很出色。
词性转换练习:
1. He has an ______ (athlete) build. (形容词,健壮的)
2. ______ (athlete) includes sports like running, jumping, and throwing. (名词,田径运动)
答案与解析:
1. athletic。解析:此处需要形容词修饰“build”。
2. Athletics。解析:此处需要名词作主语,指运动项目,通常作单数。
68. medal /ˈmedl/
词性: n.
词义: 奖牌,勋章
近义词: award, decoration
词性转换: medallist (n. 奖牌获得者)
常见搭配: gold/silver/bronze medal (金/银/铜牌), win a medal (赢得奖牌)
例句: She won an Olympic gold medal in gymnastics.
她在体操项目上赢得了一枚奥运金牌。
词性转换练习:
1. She is a former Olympic ______ (medal). (名词,奖牌获得者)
2. The soldiers were awarded ______ (medal) for their bravery. (名词,勋章)
答案与解析:
1. medallist。解析:不定冠词“a”后接可数名词单数,指人。
2. medals。解析:此处需要可数名词复数。
69. somehow /ˈsʌmhaʊ/
词性: adv.
词义: 用某种方法,不知怎的
近义词: in some way, by some means
常见搭配: (常用于表示不确定或惊讶)
例句: Somehow, we managed to finish the project on time.
不知怎的,我们设法按时完成了项目。
词性转换练习:
1. The money ______ (somehow) disappeared from my wallet. (副词,不知何故)
2. We need to find ______ (somehow) to solve this problem. (不定代词,某种方法)
答案与解析:
1. somehow。解析:此处需要副词修饰动词“disappeared”,表示方式不确定。
2. some way。解析:动词“find”后接名词短语作宾语。“somehow”是副词,不能直接作宾语,需用“some way”。
70. indeed /ɪnˈdiːd/
词性: adv.
词义: 当然,确实(用于强调陈述或回答);甚至
近义词: certainly, truly; in fact
常见搭配: (常用于句尾或“very + adj. + indeed”结构中)
例句: “It’s a beautiful day.” “Indeed it is.”
“今天天气真好。”“确实是。”
词性转换练习:
1. Thank you very much ______ (indeed)! (副词,用于加强语气)
2. The results were disappointing ______ (indeed). (副词,确实)
答案与解析:
1. indeed。解析:用于“very much”后加强感谢的语气。
2. indeed。解析:用于形容词“disappointing”后,起强调作用。
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