UNIT 11 SECTION Ⅵ WRITING WORKSHOP TO CHECK YOUR PROGRESS-【创新教程】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册五维课堂教师用书word（北师大版）

本高中英语讲义聚焦词汇、短语及句型核心知识点，系统梳理基础单词（如ban, harm）、拓展词汇（如harm-harmful-harmfully）、固定搭配（如a wide range of, result in）及重点句型（如why引导定语从句、whatever让步状语从句），构建从基础积累到语法应用的递进式学习支架。 资料以“四翼”考查设计为特色，通过经典佳句、单句语法填空、完成句子等模块，融合语言能力培养与思维品质提升，如ban的用法从基础搭配到应用性句子转换，助力学生深化理解。课中辅助教师分层教学，课后通过阅读理解、语法填空等练习帮助学生查漏补缺，提升自主学习能力。

SECTION Ⅵ　WRITING WORKSHOP TO CHECK YOUR PROGRESS ●基础单词 1．　ban　 vt.禁止，取缔 n．禁令，禁止 2．　cigarette　 n．香烟 3．　alcohol　 n．含酒精饮品；酒 4．　desirable　 adj.理想的，值得拥有的；值得做的 5．　sacred　 adj.神圣的 6．　loose　 adj.松的；宽大的 7．　carpet　 n．地毯 8．　greed　 n．贪欲，贪婪 9．　request　 n．&vt.请求，要求 10．　false　 adj.不正确的，错的；不真实的 ●拓展单词 1．harm v．伤害n.损害，危害→　harmful　 adj.有害的→　harmfully　 adv.有害地 2．　conclude　 vt.作出结论；推断出→　conclusion　 n．结论；结束 3．beneficial adj.有利的，有帮助的；有用的→　benefit　 n．益处；好处 4．　invest　 vi.&vt.投资→　investment　 n．投资 5．　recovery　 n．康复，痊愈→　recover　 vt.康复，痊愈 6．　permanent　 adj.长久的；永久的→　impermanent　 adj.非永久的；暂时的 1．a wide range　 of　多种多样的 2．　in 　addition 此外 3．　result　 in/lead　 to　 导致 4．bring　 in　 请来；邀请 5．　to 　conclude 最后 6．be beneficial 　to　 对……有好处/利益 7．　at　 times 有时，不时 8．amounts　 of　 大量的 9．take the example 　of　 以……为例 1．A reason why people are against the idea is that making the products creates jobs and brings in large amounts of tax. 人们反对这一观点的一个原因是，生产这些产品会创造就业机会并带来大量税收。 why引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the reason。 2．Terri had fallen into a coma when a heart attack robbed her brain of oxygen causing permanent harm. 特丽因心脏病发作而失去了脑部的氧气，造成永久性伤害，陷入昏迷。 现在分词作状语，表示结果。 3．Whatever you think，the compensation culture...is spreading. 不管你怎么想，……赔偿文化正在蔓延。 whatever引导的状语从句，表示让步。 1．ban vt. 明令禁止；取缔 n. 禁令 (1)ban doing sth.禁止做某事 ban sb. from doing sth. 禁止某人做某事 (2)a ban on 对……的禁令 lift a ban (on ...) 解除(对……的)禁令 ◆[经典佳句] She was banned from participating in the games for two years after failing a drug test. 由于没能通过药物检测，她两年内被禁止参加比赛。 They hope paper bags will be banned someday too and want shoppers to use the same reusable bags for years. 他们希望有一天纸袋也会被禁止，并希望购物者多年使用同样的可重复使用的袋子。 Many cities with bans still allow shoppers to purchase paper bags. 许多有禁令的城市仍然允许购物者购买纸袋。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①She 　was banned　 (ban) from driving for two years for drunk driving. ②The president supports a total ban 　on　 cigarette advertising. ③In fact，I think it would be a good idea to ban 　smoking　 (smoke) in parks as well. ◆[“四翼”考查]——应用性 完成句子 ④It is surprising that my uncle should 　be banned from　 driving for six months. 真是令人吃惊，我叔叔竟然被禁止开车六个月。 ⑤This city 　had a ban on parking　 cars in this street. 这个城市有条禁令，不准在这条街上停车。 2．harm vt.伤害；n.损害；危害 (1)do/cause harm to 伤害，对……有害 do sb./sth. harm 伤害，对……有害 (2)mean no harm＝not mean any harm 无恶意 There is no harm in doing sth. 做某事无害处 (3)harmful adj.有害的 be harmful to... 对……有害 ◆[经典佳句] These days，breaking traffic rules and littering are common，doing serious harm to life and the environment. 最近这段日子，违反交通规则和乱扔垃圾的现象很常见，对生活和环境造成了极大的危害。 He may say no，but there is no harm in asking/it does no harm to ask. 他可能拒绝，但问一问也无妨。 The overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful. 普及的总体效果一直是利大于弊的。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①There is no 　harm　 (harmful) in giving gifts to children，but they should not be rewards. ②Most people would agree that nuclear science should be developed to benefit the human beings rather than 　harm　 (harmful) them. ◆[“四翼”考查]——应用性 一句多译 ③众所周知，观看暴力电视节目真的对孩子们有害。 a．As we know, watching violence on TV really 　harms children　. (harm vt.) b．As we know, watching violence on TV really 　does harm to children/does children harm　. (harm n．) c．As we know, watching violence on TV 　is really harmful to children　. (harmful adj.) 3．desirable adj. 理想的，值得拥有的；值得做的，可取的 (1)It is/was desirable (for sb.)to do sth. (某人)想做某事/做某事是值得的。 It is/was desirable that...(shoud)do sth. 做某事是值得/可取的。 (2)desire n. 渴望；欲望vt. 渴望，渴求；想要 have a strong desire to do sth. 迫切想要做某事 have a strong desire for sth. 有得到某物的强烈欲望 desire to do sth. 渴望做某事 desire sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事 desire that...(should) do sth. 渴望……做某事 ◆[经典佳句] It isn't really desirable to have him working here. 让他在这里工作其实并不必要。 It is no longer desirable for adult children to live with their parents. 孩子长大成人后还与父母住在一起就不太可取了。 It is desirable that we (shoud) provide for the poor at Christmas. 在圣诞节救助穷人是可取的。 He has the desire to catch up with his classmates in studies. 他有在学业上赶上同班同学的愿望。 Everyone desires to live in a world free of worries and pains. 每个人都向往生活在一个无忧无虑的世界里。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①Take a view is a 　desirable　 (desire) annual competition for photographers from all corners of the UK and beyond. ②For this job it is desirable 　to know 　(know) something about medicine. ③Young workers have no desire 　 to work　 (work) for the boss. ④It is desirable that atomic energy 　(should) be used　 (use) for peaceful purpose. ⑤Everything she does is motivated only by a desire 　for　 money. ⑥In front of the labour exchange there are many people desiring 　to get　 (get) a job. ◆[“四翼”考查]——应用性 完成句子 ⑦　It is most desirable　 (这最好不过了) that your parents should both go. ⑧I 　have a strong desire　 (有强烈的愿望) to help and care for people. ⑨He desires that 　she(should) go and see him　 (她去看他) at once. 4．invest vi.& vt.投资；(把资金)投入 (1)invest (sth.) in... 对……投资；把……投入…… invest sth.in(doing) sth.在(做)某事上投入某物(时间、精力等) invest sb./sth. with...把……授予某人/某物；赋予某人/某物…… (2)investment n．投资；投入 (3)investor n．投资者 ◆[经典佳句] Everyone should invest some time in community service. 每个人都应该花些时间在社区服务上。 He invested his lawyer with complete power to act for him. 他让律师全权代办。 The project has demanded considerable investment of time and effort. 该项目已让我们投入了相当多的时间和精力。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①They invested time and energy 　in　 the election campaign. ②Raynor Winn and her husband Moth became homeless due to their wrong 　investment　(invest)． ③History books are often invested 　with　 an air of reality. ④He invested a lot of time and effort in 　trying　(try) to improve his listening comprehension. ⑤The 　investor　(invest) believes that his investment will pay off handsomely soon. ◆[“四翼”考查]——应用性 完成句子 ⑥They had the foresight to 　invest in new technology　(投资新技术)． ⑦The company has continued to 　invest heavily　(大力投资)in a series of products. 5．conclude vt. 作出结论，推断出 (1)conclude vt.&vi.结论；推断出 conclude from... 从……中推断出 conclude that 推断出；断定 to conclude 最后，总之 (2)conclusion n．结论；结束 draw/come to/reach a conclusion 得出结论 bring ...to a conclusion 使结束 in conclusion 总而言之；最后 ◆[经典佳句] In conclusion，we have learnt a lot from the activity. 总之，我们在这个活动中受益匪浅。 He concluded from their words that they didn't agree to the plan. 他从他们的话语中推断出他们不赞同此项计划。 With our study, we think we can now confidently conclude that at least some dogs can distinguish human facial expressions. 通过我们的研究，我们认为我们确定地得出结论：至少一些狗能够辨别人类面目表情。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①John said he could conclude 　from　 Jane's expression that Jane had stolen his money. ②I've come to the 　conclusion　 (conclude) that he's not the right person for the job. ③At the end of the meeting，please make sure to conclude it 　with　 important points. ◆[“四翼”考查]——应用性 一句多译 ④我从我自己的经历中得出结论：患难见真情。 a．I 　drew a conclusion from my own experiences　 that a friend in need is a friend indeed.(conclusion) b．I 　concluded from my own experiences　 that a friend in need is a friend indeed.(conclude) 6．beneficial adj. 有利的，有帮助的 benefit v. 有益于；有助于 n. 优势；益处 benefit sb./sth. 对某人/物有益 benefit from/by 从……中收益 (3)be of benefit to＝do good to 对……有益 for one's benefit＝for the benefit of sb. 为帮助某人；为某人的利益 ◆[经典佳句] It can be beneficial to share your feelings with someone you trust. 与你信任的人分享你的情感会是有益的。 We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here. 我们期待这个项目能给这里的人们带来好处和乐趣。 I benefit a great deal from reading. 我从阅读中受益良多。 The warning sign was put there for the benefit of the public. 那儿设立了警告牌以引起人们的警惕。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①Taking exercise regularly will be 　beneficial　 (benefit) to your health. ②As is known to us all，books are the source of knowledge，　from　 which we can benefit a lot. ◆[“四翼”考查]——应用性 完成句子 ③As we all know，fresh air 　is beneficial to　 our health and the new park 　benefits us　 all，so we should keep it clean. 众所周知，新鲜的空气有益于我们的健康，新的公园对我们大家都有好处，所以我们应该保持它的清洁。 ④If I am lucky enough to be elected as the director of community，I will make every effort to serve 　for the benefit of　 residents and our community. 如果我有幸当选社区主任，我会尽一切努力为居民和社区的利益服务。 7．recovery n．康复，痊愈；恢复；收回，重新拥有 (1)make a recovery from 从……中恢复 (2)recover vi.& vt.痊愈；恢复；重新获得，收回，要回 recover sth.找回某物 recover oneself 清醒过来，恢复冷静 recover from...从……中恢复过来 ◆[经典佳句] My father has made a full recovery from the operation. 我父亲手术后已完全康复了。 The woman was delighted at the recovery of her stolen jewels. 那位女士对找回她被盗的珠宝感到非常高兴。 She made a great effort to recover herself. 她竭力使自己镇定下来。 Not recovering from the operation，I couldn't keep pace with you. 由于尚未从手术中康复，我跟不上你的步伐。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①A lot has been done in the 　recovery　(recover) of national economy in the past few years. ②It will be a long time before he 　recovers　(recover)from his present troubles. ③Recently a man­made satellite we launched 　has been recovered　(recover)． ④She recovered 　from　 her surprise，and answered calmly. ◆[“四翼”考查]——应用性 完成句子 ⑤He 　made a quick recovery from　(很快从……康复)his illness and was soon back at work. ⑥We must 　recover the money　(要回这些钱)．They have no right to charge it. ⑦The owner has offered a reward for 　the recovery of　(……的找回)the stolen goods. 8．request n．&vt. 请求，要求 (1)make a request for... 请求，要求…… at one's request＝at the request of sb. 应某人的邀请 (2)request sb.(not) to do sth. 请求某人(不)做某事 request that sb.(should) do sth. 请求某人做某事 request sth. from/of sb. 向某人请求某物 It is requested that ... 据要求…… ◆[经典佳句] You are kindly requested not to smoke. 请不要吸烟。 He requested a loan from a bank yesterday. 昨天他向银行申请了贷款。 It's requested that the castle should be preserved well. 据要求，这个城堡应该得到妥善保护。 It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal. 就餐期间要点盐和辣椒只是一个简单的请求。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①By the end of the first chapter，　requests　 (request) were coming from the back seat：“Please read a little louder.” ◆[“四翼”考查]——应用性 同义句转换 The school requests that students should not bring cell phones to classrooms. ②→The school 　requests students not to bring　 cell phones to classrooms.(简单句) ③→The school 　makes a request that students should not　 bring cell phones to classrooms.(同位语从句) ④→　It is requested that　 students should not bring cell phones to classrooms in school.(主语从句) 1．(教材P40)A reason why people are against the idea is that making the products creates jobs and brings in large amounts of tax. 人们反对这一观点的一个原因是，生产这些产品会创造就业机会并带来大量税收。 [句式结构]　句中why引导定语从句。 ◆[规律总结] (1)．..reason why/for which... is/was sth./that... ……的原因是…… (2)．..reason (that/which) ... is/was that ...……的原因是…… (3)this/that is the reason why/for which ...这/那就是……的原因 (4)this/that is why ...这/那就是为什么…… (5)this/that is because ...这/那是因为…… ◆[经典佳句] You have a full preparation before this event, which is the most important reason why you show up here. 你提前做好了充分的准备，这是你来这儿的最重要的原因。 The reason (that/which) he explained to us was that he hadn't read the book before. 他给我们的理由是他之前没有读过这本书。 That is why we always try to eat in a healthy way and exercise regularly. 那就是为什么我们总是努力吃得健康并且要定期锻炼的原因。 [“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①Is that 　why　 you don't want to go home? ②She looks so happy.That's 　because　 she has won the competition. ③The reason 　why　 I fell asleep so quickly is 　that　 I was tired. ④That's the reason 　why　 he lied to his parents. 2．(教材P44) Whatever you think，the compensation culture which has emerged in recent years is spreading，and it will affect all of us. 不管你怎么想，近年来出现的赔偿文化正在蔓延，它将影响到我们所有人。 [句式结构]　whatever引导让步状语从句；whatever在从句中作主语，宾语，表语或定语。 ◆[规律总结] (1)whatever引导让步状语从句，意为“无论什么”，相当于no matter what。wh­ever这类词引导让步状语从句时，通常可以转换成“no matter＋相应的wh­词”。 (2)whatever引导名词性从句，相当于anything that。 (3)whatever，whoever，whichever既可以引导让步状语从句，也可以引导名词性从句；whenever，wherever，however只能引导让步状语从句。 ◆[经典佳句] Whatever he said，the boy simply wouldn't listen.＝No matter what he said，the boy simply wouldn't listen. 不管他说什么，那男孩就是不听。 Do whatever she tells you and you'll have peace. ＝Do anything that she tells you and you'll have peace. 照她说的做，你就能得到安宁。 All contributions，however small，will be greatly appreciated. 所有捐献，不论数量多少，我们都将非常感谢。 Whoever wants the book may have it. 谁想要这本书都可以拿。(名词性从句) ◆[误区规避]——语法填空 　________　of the universities you choose，physics is your major subject. (可能失误)填whatever。 (正确表达)填whichever。 (火眼金睛)此外需填代词，由于后者有选项(universities)，故需填“哪所大学”，故填whichever(无论哪一所)。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 选词填空：whatever/whoever/whichever ①You may vote 　whichever　 of the candidates you like best. ②　Whatever　 happens，the insurance company will pay for it. ③　Whoever　 commits the crime shall be sentenced to ten years in prison. ◆[“四翼”考查]——应用性 完成句子 ④Your support is important to our work.　Whatever you can do　(无论你能做什么)helps. ⑤The gold medal will be awarded to 　whoever wins the first place　(获得第一名的人)in the bicycle race. ⑥　Whatever you like/No matter what you like　(无论你喜欢什么)，jogging is my favourite. [基础性] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．It is 　banned　 (禁止) here in our school for boys to keep long hair. 2．He means no 　harm　 (伤害) by saying what he thinks. 3．We 　concluded　 (结束) our meeting at 9 o'clock yesterday evening. 4．Some food additives are regarded as 　beneficial　 (有益的) to people's health by the manufacturer. 5．All the articles are 　requested　 (要求) to be related to the students' life. 6．My father has made a full 　recovery　 (康复) from the operation. 7．The government has 　invested　 (投资) heavily in public transport. 8．She gave 　false　 (不真实的) information to the insurance company. 9．There are no 　permanent　 (永久性的) displays in this museum and exhibitions change all the time. 10．Temples and churches are all 　sacred　 (宗教的，神圣的) buildings. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．They drew different 　conclusions　 (conclude) from the facts. 2．The reason 　why/for_which　 he was ill yesterday is such a bad excuse. 3．The new mayor is said 　to_come　 (come) into power next month. 4．The cup dropped down to the ground，　breaking　 (break) into pieces. 5．Local officials are so worried about air quality that they are considering a temporary ban 　on/against　 private cars. 6．Some boys are too crazy about playing games on the computer，which is very 　harmful　 (harm) to their health. 7．Don't respond to any e­mails 　requesting　 (request) personal information, no matter how official they look. 8．This new railway 　benefits　 this area in many ways. It is 　beneficial　 to the people living in this area. For the 　benefit　 of more people, we should build more railways. (benefit) [应用性] Ⅲ.完成句子 1．　The_reason_why_he_has_had_such_a_success_is_that　 he never gives up. 他取得如此成功的原因是他从不放弃。 2．　It_is_hoped_that　 the terrible disease will soon be controlled. 人们希望这种可怕的疾病能迅速得到控制。 3．His father died，　leaving_him_a_lot_of_money　. 他父亲死了，留给他许多钱。 4．Our teacher made a request that 　we_(should)_be_well_prepared_for_the_exam　. 我们的老师要求我们为考试做好充分的准备。 5．If I am lucky enough to be elected，I will 　make_every_effort_to_serve_for_the_benefit_of_students_and_our_club　. 如果我有幸当选，我将尽最大努力为同学们和俱乐部的利益服务。 6．Being able to read people helps kids from misreading a situation and jumping 　to_false_conclusions　. 能理解他人可以帮助孩子们避免错误判断处境并贸然得出错误的结论。 [综合性] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Almost every community has rules. So why do we have rules, and what makes people follow them? Studies have suggested that the reason we don't like rule­breaking is that fairness is programmed into our brains. Scientists have found that the brain reacts in a particular way when we feel we are being treated unfairly. A fair situation makes us feel comfortable and even happy, but unfairness causes our brains to respond with negative feelings. The study found that 　this　 happened when subjects saw others being treated unfairly. They concluded that fairness is one of the basic human needs. Arriving at a feeling of fairness means considering different, often conflicting, points of view. Regardless of the disagreement, people almost always need to compromise. But it can be difficult to arrive at a compromise when there are conflicting interests.This is why communities have rules that everyone must follow. Social controls are an important factor in setting and following rules.They influence the way we behave，and can be internal(内在的)or external.Internal controls come from within and are based on our values and fears. Most of us don't steal, for example, because we believe that theft is unfair and wrong. We also don't want to disappoint our family and friends. In other words, our internal controls keep us from behaving. External controls include rewards and punishments. Rewards, such as job promotions and praise, are designed to encourage people to behave and act in the interests of the whole community. Punishments, such as public embarrassment, fines, and even imprisonment, can prevent people from acting against the community's best interests. People need their communities to function smoothly. If there were no rules, most people would probably still behave positively. However, there would always be a minority who would not. This is why a society without rules is unlikely to exist. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了人们生活的社区和社会都需要有规则来促进公平。如果没有规则，社会就无法正常运行。 1．What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．A programme in human brains. B．A comfortable situation. C．The response with bad feelings. D．The requirement of fairness. 解析：C　[词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“A fair situation makes us feel comfortable and even happy, but unfairness causes our brains to respond with negative feelings. The study found that 　this　 happened when subjects saw others being treated unfairly.”可知，this指代上文提到的our brains to respond with negative feelings。] 2．Why do communities have rules? A．To punish illegal activities. B．To prevent disagreement. C．To promote fairness. D．To meet various demands. 解析：C　[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Regardless of the disagreement, people almost always need to compromise. But it can be difficult to arrive at a compromise when there are conflicting interests.This is why communities have rules that everyone must follow.”可知，社区设立规则的目的是让人们能够达成妥协，即促进公平。] 3．Which of the following is an example of internal controls? A．Take exams honestly because cheating is shameful. B．Park in the right place so as not to get a parking ticket. C．Pay the electricity bill on time in order not to get a late fee. D．Cooperate with your classmates to win a prize for your class. 解析：A　[推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Internal controls come from within and are based on our values and fears.”和“In other words, our internal controls keep us from behaving. ”可知，“Take exams honestly because cheating is shameful.(诚实地参加考试，因为作弊是可耻的。)”和我们的价值观相关，属于内心的控制。] 4．What is the best title for this passage? A．Living by the Rules B．Why Do Communities Need Rules? C．Reaching a Compromise D．How Does Fairness Function? 解析：A　[主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Almost every community has rules. So why do we have rules，”和最后一段中的“This is why a society without rules is unlikely to exist.”可知，本文主要讲述了社会需要规则，如果没有规则，社会就无法正常运行。故选A。] B Emily Egan was born and raised in Essex，United Kingdom and speaks no foreign language, but hearing her speak, you could swear she's a Russian immigrant or a tourist, because of her Eastern European accent.But the funny thing is that her voice sometimes sounds French, Italian or even Polish, depending on how tired she is. 31­year­old Emily's life changed greatly in January，when a mysterious condition left her unable to speak for two months. She'd had headaches for two weeks before one day developing a deeper voice suddenly.Her colleagues at a children's home then noticed her speech had become slow and unclear, both signs of a stroke (中风). By the time she was rushed to the hospital, Emily had lost her ability to speak completely，but after running some tests, doctors ruled out the stroke, instead blaming her voice loss on some sort of injury to her brain. After spending three weeks in the hospital, Emily Egan was still unable to speak and relied only on basic sign language she'd picked up at work and a text­to­speech app on her phone to communicate. A doctor encouraged her to go on a vacation in Thailand she and her husband had already booked, and to try and relax as much as possible. She did just that and a few days into the vacation, she started to speak again. “I was so thrilled when my voice started coming back but now I can't even 　discern　 the voice that comes out of my mouth. It doesn't sound like me，” Egan said. Ever since her voice came back, she's taken time off work because stress only makes her condition worse. What has happened to Emily sounds shockingly similar to that of Michelle Myers, an Arizona woman who never traveled outside of America, but woke up to speak with many accents—British, Irish and Australian—after experiencing severe headaches. [语篇解读]　本文讲述了艾米丽头痛后一度丧失语言能力，再开口说话时她有了多种外国口音。 5．Why is Emily Egan considered a Russian immigrant? A．She resembles a Russian very much. B．She speaks Russian like a native speaker. C．She speaks English with a Russian accent. D．She can freely switch between English and Russian. 解析：C　[考查理解具体信息的能力。根据题干中的关键信息a Russian immigrant定位到文章第一段中的“you could swear she's a Russian immigrant or a tourist，because of her Eastern European accent”，故选C。] 6．What resulted in Emily's inability to speak? A．Brain injury. B．A sudden stroke. C．Long term tiredness. D．Serious disease. 解析：A　[考查理解具体信息的能力。根据题干中的关键信息inability to speak定位到第二段中的“but after running some tests，doctors ruled out the stroke，instead blaming her voice loss on some sort of injury to her brain”，该句中的“voice loss”和“inability to speak”同义，故选A。] 7．The underlined word “discern” in Paragraph 4 most probably means “　________　”． A．control　　　 　 B．ignore C．transform D．recognize 解析：D　[考查理解词汇的能力。根据画线词所在句的后一句“这听起来不像我”，可以推断画线词意为“分辨出”，故选D。] 8．What can be inferred about Emily from the text? A．She has already returned to work. B．Her case isn't alone in the world. C．She learned sign language after her voice loss. D．Her voice returned after three weeks' treatment. 解析：B　[考查推断能力。根据最后一段可知亚利桑那州的Michelle Myers和Emily遭遇类似，故选B。] Ⅱ.阅读填句 Life can be hard, and when our plans don't work out, it's often easy to blame others. 　____1____　. And when they don't act as we think they should, we feel disappointed. Maybe it would be easier if we stopped expecting so much from other people. No one is perfect, and that includes you. 　____2____　 So you want to travel the world before you do a degree, but your parents don't think it's a good idea. Of course, it's great if other people can support you in your decisions, but you can't keep everyone happy all of the time. It's your life and you need to make the decisions to make yourself happy. Stop expecting everybody to like you Don't worry if there are people who aren't very nice to you, because there are plenty of people who are called your friends. 　____3____　 And when it comes to finding that special person and settling down, remember: there's somebody for everyone. Stop expecting people to know what you're thinking You think you're good enough to be in the school team, but the teacher doesn't seem to be thinking the same thing. Maybe he just hasn't thought about it at all. He isn't a mind reader, so tell him. 　____4____　. He might even choose you. No one is happy all the time From their Facebook updates, you'd believe that all your friends are happy all the time. Of course, they aren't, just like you know that your life isn't always perfect. 　____5____　. Be kind to people. They might be having a bad day and your smile could cheer them up. A．Spend time with them and avoid the others B．Then at least he knows what you're thinking C．Don't expect people always to agree with you D．You can tell them what you're not so happy about E．We all go through hard times and often try to hide it F．Sometimes we expect too much from friends and family G．Don't be too disappointed if they carry on doing the same things [语篇解读]　 这是一篇说明文。生活不易，当不如愿时，人们常常会责怪他人，这也许是因为我们对他人的期望过多了。 1．F　[设空处下一句“And when they don't act as we think they should，we feel disappointed.(当他们没有按我们期望的那样做时，我们会感到失望)”中的“they”指代F项“Sometimes we expect too much from friends and family(有时我们对朋友和家人的期望过高)”中的“friends and family”，且后文中出现的“expecting”也与F项中的“expect”呼应。故选F。] 2．C　[根据第二段第一句“So you want to travel the world before you do a degree，but your parents don't think it’s a good idea.(所以你想在拿到学位之前周游世界，但你父母认为这不是个好主意)”及后文内容可知，本段主要讲述当别人与你的意见不统一时应该怎么做。C项“Don't expect people always to agree with you(不要指望人们总是同意你的意见)”在句式和句意上都适合作为本段落小标题。故选C。] 3．A　[A项“Spend time with them and avoid the others(花时间和他们在一起，避开其他人)”中的“them” 和“the others”分别指代前一句“Don't worry if there are people who aren't very nice to you，because there are plenty of people who are called your friends.(如果有人对你不太好，不要担心，因为有很多被称为你的朋友的人)”中的“your friends”和“people who aren't very nice to you”句意承接上一句。故选A。] 4．B　[根据上一句“He isn't a mind reader, so tell him.(他不会读心术，所以告诉他)”可知，只有告诉了老师，他才能知道你的想法。B项“Then at least he knows what you're thinking(那么至少他知道你在想什么)”在句意上承接上文。故选B。] 5．E　[上一句“Of course，they aren't，just like you know that your life isn't always perfect.(当然，他们不是，就像你知道你的生活并不总是完美的一样)”中的“life isn't always perfect”与E项“We all go through hard times and often try to hide it(我们都经历过艰难的时刻，常常试图掩盖它)”中的“go through hard times”呼应，且句意上承接了上文。故选E。] Ⅲ.语法填空 Chinese scientists have created the world's first light­based quantum (量子) computer, called Jiuzhang. It's 1.　________　 breakthrough in the field after Google completed its quantum computer last year. 2.　________　 (compare)with today's best super computers, Jiuzhang can calculate 100,000 billion times faster. Usually, information 3.　________　 (handle) in binary bits (二进制位) by classical computers, presenting itself as either 0's or 1's. However, quantum computers process data using qubits (量子位), 4.　________　 is identified as 0's, 1's or everything in between. As a result, as the number of qubits 5. 　________　 (increase), the computing ability of quantum computers rises too. Another advantage of Jiuzhang is that it's 6.　________　 (easy) to make and maintain. Superconducting quantum computers must be kept at ultracold temperatures 7.　________　 (ensure) their materials can conduct electricity without any resistance. But most parts of Jiuzhang can operate at room temperature except its sensory equipment which must be kept at －269.1 ℃. With advantages 8.　________　 traditional computers, quantum computers have a wide range of 9.　________　 (application). Jiuzhang can 10.　________　 (potential) be applied to machine learning, quantum chemistry and graph theory. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国科学家成功构建量子计算原型机“九章”，并介绍了它的操作原理和优势。 1．a　[breakthrough 为可数名词，表泛指时前面用不定冠词，breakthrough的读音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。] 2．Compared　[句子主语Jiuzhang 与compare之间为被动关系，用过去分词 compared作状语。] 3．is handled　[根据语境可知，用一般现在时；information与handle之间为被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态。] 4．which　[此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为data，指物，用关系代词which引导从句。] 5．increases　[根据语境可知，此处用一般现在时，“the number of...”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。] 6．easier　[与其他计算机相比，“九章”更容易制造和维护，用比较级easier。] 7．to ensure　[根据语境可知，此处用不定式短语作目的状语。] 8．over　[advantages over意为“优于……”。] 9．applications　[不止一个用途，用可数名词复数。] 10．potentially　[修饰谓语动词用副词。] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $