UNIT 12 SECTION Ⅳ LESSON 2 AHA MOMENT-【创新教程】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册五维课堂教师用书word（北师大版）

本讲义聚焦高中英语“领悟时刻”主题，系统涵盖基础词汇（如insight, emerge）、拓展词汇（如achieve→achievement）、核心短语（如by coincidence, bury oneself in）及关键句型（while对比、现在完成进行时），通过词汇用法解析、语法点对比及分层练习（基础性、应用性）构建从词汇积累到语用输出的学习支架。 该资料突出语言能力与思维品质培养，如词汇“四翼考查”结合经典佳句与语境应用，语法点通过误区规避和实例对比深化理解。综合练习题（阅读、语法填空）提升语用能力，课中辅助教师系统授课，课后助力学生巩固知识、查漏补缺，培养自主学习能力。

SECTION Ⅳ　LESSON 2　AHA　MOMENT ●基础单词 1．　insight　 n．领悟，了解，洞察力 2．　emerge　 vi.出现，浮现 3．　process　 n．过程；做事方法 4．　coincidence　 n．运气，巧合 5．　incredible　 adj.不可思议的，难以置信的，未必可能的；惊人的 6．　incubation　 n．孵化 7．　bury　 vt.埋葬，掩埋 ●拓展单词 1．　achieve 　 v．实现，达到，完成，成功→　achievement　 n．完成，实现，成绩，功绩 2．　clueless　 adj.一无所知的，一窍不通的→　clue　 n．线索；提示 3．　incident　 n．事件，事变→incidentally adv.偶然地，顺便，不经意地 3．　evaluation　 n．评估，评价→　evaluate　 vt.评价，评估 4．　occur 　 v．发生，存在→　occurrence 　 n. 发生，出现，事件 1．fly/come 　into　 my mind 飞入/进入我的脑海 2．come all　 at　 once 马上出现 3．occur 　 to 　 sb. 突然想起 4．have a flash　 of　 insight 灵光一现 5．　by 　coincidence 偶然 6．be clueless 　about　 对……一无所知 7．bury oneself　 in 　 埋头于 8．　in 　other words 换句话说 9．draw one's attention 　吸引某人的注意力　 10．make 　 a 　 discovery 发现 11．　in 　 the field 在某一领域 12．　a　 waste of time 浪费时间 1．Why do some people work so hard but achieve very little，while some others seem to do nothing but good ideas emerge? 为什么有些人工作如此努力却收效甚微，而另一些人似乎什么也不做，但却有好主意？ 连词while的意义及功能 2．In fact，it actually comes from the efforts you have been constantly making. 实际上，其来自于你长期不懈的努力。 现在完成进行时have/has been doing 3．The great scientist Albert Einstein seemed to be inspired in discovering the “theory of relativity” when he was rocking his baby. 伟大的科学家阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦在摇晃他的婴儿时，受到了启发，并发现了相对论。 when sb.was doing sth.状语从句 1．emerge vi. 出现，浮现；(事实)呈现出来 (1)emerge from 自……出现；从……显露出来 It emerged that...……暴露出来 (2)emergence n．出现，显现 ◆[经典佳句] Li Hua was waiting outside the door as she emerged. 当她出现的时候，李华正在门外等候。 Many facts emerged as a result of the investigation. 调查结果揭示了许多事实。 There is growing evidence that the economy is at last emerging from recession. 有越来越多的迹象表明经济将最终摆脱萧条。 It emerged that they didn't agree with each other. 这暴露出他们意见不一致。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①She emerged 　from　 the courthouse to thank her supporters. ②The 1960s saw the 　emergence　 (emerge) of many new nations. ◆[“四翼”考查]——应用性 完成句子 ③Further evidence of slowing economic growth 　is likely to emerge　 (有可能出现) this week. ④　It emerged that　 (……暴露出来) the driver of the car had been drunk. 2．coincidence n. 运气；巧合；一致 (1)by coincidence 巧合，碰巧 It is a coincidence that...……是巧合 what a coincidence! 真巧！ (2)coincident adj.(时间上)巧合的；同时(同地)发生的 ◆[经典佳句] By coincidence, I met the person we'd been discussing the next day. 真是巧了，我在第二天遇见了我们一直在谈论的那个人。 It is a mere coincidence that they see eye to eye on this point. 他们在这一点上见解一致完全是巧合。 It is said that their aims are coincident with ours. 据说他们的目标与我们的一致。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①　By　 a strange coincidence we happened to be travelling on the same bus. ②Mr Berry said the timing was 　a　 coincidence and that his decision was unrelated to Mr Roman's departure. ③What an odd 　coincidence　 (coincident) that he should have known your family. ◆[“四翼”考查]——应用性 完成句子 ④　What a coincidence　 (真巧)！I wasn't expecting to see you here. ⑤　It's not a coincidence that　 (这并非偶然) none of the directors are women. 3．involve vt. 包含，涉及；使陷入；参与 (1)involve doing sth. 包括做某事 involve sb/oneself in (doing) sth. 使某人/自己卷入/参与/专心于(做)某事 (2)involved adj. 有关的；参与的 be/get involved in (doing) sth. 卷入/参与(做)某事；专心于(做)某事 (3)involvement n．参与，加入，插手；投入 ◆[经典佳句] The project involves doing a lot of hard work. 这个项目需要付出艰巨的劳动。 We should involve ourselves in school life. 我们应该投入到学校生活中。 If you don't want to be/get involved in any sort of serious accident, look both ways before crossing busy roads. 如果你不想发生任何严重的交通意外，那么在通过车流量大的马路时要左右看看。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①Please convey my thanks to all the staff 　invo­lved　(involve); they did an excellent job. ②Getting a driver's license involves 　learning　(learn) how to drive and 　studying　(study) the traffic rules. ◆[“四翼”考查]——应用性 完成句子 ③The job 　involves me (in) travelling　 all over the country. 这份工作需要我到全国各地旅行。 ④I 　was/got involved in the quarrel　 between Tom and Jack yesterday. 昨天我卷入了汤姆和杰克的争吵之中。 ⑤She 　was involved in reading　 all night. 她整晚都在专心致志地读书。 4．occur v. 发生，出现 (1)occur to sb.被想到，出现在头脑中 it occur that/to do 想到 (2)occurrence n．发生的事情，存在的事情 ◆[经典佳句] When did the accident occur? 这件事究竟是什么时候发生的？ The idea occurred to him in a dream. 这个主意是他在梦中想到的。 It didn't occur to her to ask for help. 他没有想到请别人帮忙。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①A serious accident 　occurred　 (occur) on the road the other day. ②A good idea occurred 　to　 him. ③The store has just received an 　occurrence　 (occur) of a complaint. ◆[“四翼”考查]——应用性 完成句子 ④　It didn't occur to me that　 I could have the book sent to me. 我没有想到可以让人把书寄给我。 5．evaluation n. 评估；评价 (1)an evaluation of 对……的评估 (2)evaluate vt.评价；评估 evaluate oneself 评价自己 evaluate the costs of 评估……的费用 evaluate one's ability 评估某人的能力 evaluate the value/quality of... 评估……的价值/质量 evaluate the service of the hotel 评价旅馆的服务 ◆[经典佳句] Be sure to carefully evaluate every school that has accepted you. 一定要仔细评估接受你的每所学校。 A committee of teachers will evaluate materials and give opinions. 教师委员会将对材料进行评估并发表意见。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①It is widely acknowledged that students should 　be evaluated　(evaluate) in terms of overall quality. ◆[“四翼”考查]——应用性 完成句子 ②I can't 　evaluate his ability　 without seeing his work. 没有看到他的工作情况，我无法评估他的能力。 ③We must 　evaluate the consequences　 caused by the fire. 我们必须评估火灾造成的后果。 1．(教材P112)Why do some people work so hard but achieve very little，while some others seem to do nothing but good ideas emerge? 为什么有些人工作如此努力却收效甚微，而另一些人似乎什么也不做，但却有好主意？ [句式结构]　句中while用作并列连词，表示前后分句的对比，相当于whereas，译作“而，可是”。 ◆[规律总结] while的其他含义： (1)引导时间状语从句，译作“当……时”。 (2)引导让步状语从句，常放在句首，译作“尽管”“虽然”，比although或though语气要轻。 (3)引导条件状语从句，相当于as long as，译作“只要”。 ◆[经典佳句] He likes pop music while I am fond of folk music.(表示对比) 他喜欢流行音乐，而我却喜欢民间音乐。 While you're in China, Mount Huangshan is a must to visit！(表示时间) 在中国期间，黄山是必游之处。 While I always felt I would pass the exam，I never thought I would get an A．(表示让步) 尽管我总觉得我会通过这次考试，但是，我从来没有想到我会得到一个A。 While a spark of life remains，it is a doctor's duty to save the patient.(表示条件) 只要病人还有一线生机，医生就有责任挽救。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 写出下列句子中while的汉语意思 ①While I admit that there are problems，I don't agree that they cannot be solved.　虽然；尽管　 ②While Mary was writing a letter, the children were playing outside.　当……时候　 ③I am sure we are safe while in his care.　只要　 ◆[“四翼”考查]——应用性 完成句子 ④I drink black coffee 　while he prefers　 it with cream. 我爱喝清咖啡而他喜欢喝加奶油的。 ⑤He fell asleep 　while (he was) doing　 his homework. 他做着功课就睡着了。 ⑥　While/Though/Although running　 regularly can't make you live forever，the review says it is more effective at lengthening life than walking，cycling or swimming. 虽然经常跑步并不能让你永远活下去，但这篇评论说，跑步比步行、骑自行车或游泳更能延长寿命。 2．In fact，it actually comes from the efforts you have been constantly making. 实际上，其来自于你长期不懈的努力。 [句式结构]　现在完成进行时have/has been doing表示从过去开始一直延续至今或刚刚结束的动作，不强调任何必然的结果。 ◆[规律总结] 现在完成进行时常与以下时态对比考查。 (1)现在完成时have/has done表示动作已经结束，并且强调必然的结果。 (2)过去时did/was/were表示动作发生在过去，暗含“现在不”。 ◆[经典佳句] Since he came to work in our school，he has been living in the old house. 自从来我们学校工作以来，他一直住在那个老房子里。 I will drive my car to work tomorrow since I have passed the driving test. 明天我要开车上班了，因为我已通过了驾驶测试。 He did a lot of walking everyday，but has given it up for the old age. 他每天散步走很多路，但是因年事已高已经放弃。 ◆[误区规避]——语法填空 I'd like to have a good rest.I 　__________　(do) my school work for four hours. (可能失误)填have done。 (正确表达)填have been doing。 (错误分析)现在完成时强调动作的结果，即：已完成作业。此处强调动作的延续：4个小时。故填have been doing。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①The water in the lake is very clear and I 　 haven't seen　 (not see)the beauty for many years. ②I 　 turned　(turn) off the light when I　 left　(leave) the office，but it is still on. ③They 　 have been making　(make) great efforts，but in vain now. [基础性] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．They 　emerged　(出现) from the church into the bright daylight. 2．It is a 　coincidence　(巧合) that you and I were born on the same day. 3．Can you give me a 　clue　 (线索)？Just a little one. 4．The birds returned to their nests and continued to 　incubate　 (孵化) the eggs. 5．How do you 　evaluate　 (评价) your boss? 6．The lazy young man has 　achieved　 (完成，取得) nothing in his career. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．China has been described as an “　emerging　 (emerge) economic powerhouse”． 2．The incidence 　of　 breast cancer increases with age. 3．Family history is probably your biggest clue 　to　 potential problems. 4．After a long 　incubation　 (incubate) period，plans for the new fire station were finally proposed. 5．Performance 　evaluation　 (evaluate) is an important part of human resource management. 6．Most of my classmates wanted to go to a park 　while　 I had an idea of going to a nicer place. [应用性] Ⅲ.完成句子 1．Success never emerges 　by_coincidence　(靠运气)；it takes great effort. 2．I 　_have_been_working_on_the_math_problem　 (一直研究这道数学题) for hours，but in vain. 3．He 　_was_walking_in_the_park　 (正在公园散步) when he thought of a good idea. 4．He 　_is_involved_in_his_research　 (专心致力于)，hoping for a good result. 5．He 　_buries_himself/is_buried_in_his_work　 (埋头于他的工作) and has achieved a lot in it. 6．　All_he_wished_for　 (他所希望) that day was 　that_he_could_see_the_great_scientist　 (他能够见那位伟大的科学家). [综合性] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A The Internet plays an important part in many people's daily lives.However，not everyone can get access to it，especially those in poor or remote areas. SpaceX，a US aerospace (航空航天) manufacturer founded in 2002 by Elon Musk，is aiming to bring high­speed Internet to people in every corner of the world with the Starlink project. Starlink plans to send nearly 42,000 satellites into low orbit around Earth.Recently，the 12th batch (批) of 60 Starlink satellites was launched，bringing the total number of Starlink satellites in orbit to more than 700. During the launch，SpaceX officials gave details about the project's abilities.The satellites have shown “super low latency (延迟) and download speeds greater than 100 megabytes per second (mbps)”，the Verge reported.Its download speed is much faster than broadband (宽带) currently used in most homes，which can reach about 20 mbps to 30 mbps. What makes Starlink's download speed so quick? Rather than sending Internet signals through electric cables (电缆)，which must be physically laid down to reach distant places，satellite Internet works by sending information through the vacuum (真空) of space，where it travels 47 percent faster than in fiber­optic (光纤) cable. “The latency is low enough to play the fastest online video games and our download speeds are fast enough to stream (释放) multiple (多个) HD movies at once，”Kate Tice，an engineer at SpaceX，said during the launch broadcast. Though the Starlink project，if successful，could expand people's access to the Internet，some are concerned.For astronomers，the light given off by more satellites in orbit could hinder (阻碍) their view. Also，there are about 1500 active satellites and 3000 dead satellites currently orbiting Earth.If too many Starling satellites are sent into orbit，the risk of collision (碰撞) could increase. However，if the Starlink project succeeds，it could “forever alter (改变) the landscape of the telecom industry”，CNN reported. [语篇解读]　“星链计划”是美国太空探索技术公司计划在2019年至2024年间在太空搭建由约42 000颗卫星组成的“星链”网络互联网服务。2020年“星链计划”第12批卫星发射成功。 1．What is the aim of the Starlink project? A．To draw people's attention to poor areas. B．To spread the access to the Internet. C．To show people the importance of the Internet. D．To tell people the role SpaceX plays in space technology. 解析：B　[细节理解题。由文中前两段可知“星链”可以在全球范围内提供低成本的互联网连接服务。] 2．The author tells readers the advantages of Starlink mainly by 　________　. A．telling a personal experience B．listing numbers C．analyzing some cases D．quoting experts 解析：B　[细节理解题。由文中第四段作者通过列数据的方式来告诉我们星链的优点可知B项正确。] 3．How does Starlink send Internet signals? A．Through electric cables. B．By using signal towers. C．Through the vacuum of space. D．By using fiber­optic cables. 解析：C　[细节理解题。由文中第六段“...satellite Internet works by sending information through the vacuum (真空) of space，...”可知C项正确。] 4．What did CNN think of the Starlink project? A．It is not worth the cost. B．It will achieve its goal soon. C．It might do more harm than good. D．It can be helpful to the telecom industry. 解析：D　[细节理解题。由最后一段“However，if the Starlink project succeeds，it could ‘forever alter (改变) the landscape of the telecom industry’”，可知D项正确。] B One after another, telecommunications giants (电信巨头) have announced their latest fifth generation (5G) products. They have also claimed that 5G technology would be used on a massive scale by 2020. Yet, when reporting about 5G, many domestic media have described it as a “much faster” technology than 4G without mentioning any of its other advantages. As a result, the common public view about 5G is that they could “download a HD movie within one second”. Beyond that, most people know nothing about 5G. Actually, 5G technology has many more advantages than 4G apart from speed. According to the criteria of 3GPP, an international standardization organization, 5G technology can be used for at least three purposes—connecting everything, reliability of connections, and eliminating delays. “Connecting everything” is an appropriate slogan (标语) for 5G technology, without which the Internet of Things would be impossible. 5G would enable one server to connect to multiple terminals (终端) and thus establish high­speed coordination among them, and help the chips (芯片) inside the terminals timely react to meet people's needs. Take autonomous vehicles for example, they are mature technology products. Self­driving cars combine a variety of sensors, such as radar, computer vision, and GPS to identify navigation paths and obstacles.5G technology will link all the elements of a transportation system, such as traffic lights，cameras and, of course, cars to establish perfect coordination so they can avoid obstacles and move on navigation paths, which will help strengthen self­driving technology. Reliability of connections is another essential characteristic of 5G technology, whose use can be extended to other fields where high safety standards are required. For instance, in certain surgeries, surgeons insert nano­robots inside a patient's body and have to maintain constant control over the robots to ensure they perform their functions and do not cause any harm to the patient. This is a technology that can be of great help, as it can establish reliable and continuous connections between the monitor and the nano­robots. [语篇解读]　许多媒体都将5G形容为比4G“快得多”的技术，却没有提及其任何其他优势。公众对5G的普遍看法是，他们可以“在一秒钟内下载一部高清电影”。除此之外，大多数人对5G一无所知。文章主要介绍除了高速，5G技术还有连接一切、连接的可靠性等特点。 5．Which of the following can serve as an example of “connecting everything”？ A．Improvement of smart phone signals. B．Decrease in telecommunication cost. C．High speed in playing computer games. D．Online tests for all members at the same time. 解析：D　[推理判断题。题干问的是以下哪个可以作为“连接一切”的例子，由题干关键信息“an example of ‘connecting everything’”可定位到第三段。由该段第二句“5G would enable one server to connect to multiple terminals (终端) and thus establish high­speed coordination among them，and help the chips (芯片) inside the terminals timely react to meet people's needs”可知，5G将使一台服务器连接多个终端，从而在它们之间建立高速配合，帮助终端内部的芯片及时做出反应，满足人们的需求。结合选项可知，D项“同时对所有成员进行在线测试”符合5G的连接一切的特征，可以作为5G“连接一切”这个特征的例子。故选D。] 6．Why can 5G be used in the fields with high safety standards? A．It can attract most eyeballs on a massive scale. B．It can provide dependable and constant service. C．It offers massive machine types of communication. D．It employs 4G base stations and occupies less space. 解析：B　[细节理解题。由题干中的“high safety standards”可定位至第四段，由该段第一句“Reliability of connections is ...high safety standards are required”和最后一句“This is a technology that can be of great help，as it can establish reliable and continuous connections between the monitor and the nano­robots”可知，连接的稳定性使5G可应用于要求高安全标准的领域，这是一项非常有用的技术，因为它可以在监视器和纳米机器人之间建立可靠和连续的连接。结合选项可知，选项B正确。] 7．What will the author most probably discuss in the following paragraph? A．Eliminating delays. B．5G network capacity. C．Disadvantages of 5G. D．Building 5G base stations. 解析：A　[推理判断题。由第二段的第二句“According to the criteria of 3GPP, an international standardization organization, 5G technology can be used for at least three purposes—connecting everything, reliability of connections, and eliminating delays”可知，根据一个国际标准化组织3GPP的标准，5G技术至少有三方面的用途，分别是连接一切、连接的可靠性以及消除延迟。接着第三段以及第四段分别说明了5G连接一切和连接的可靠性的特征，由此可推知，作者接下来可能会讨论的是5G技术能够消除延迟这个特征。故选A。] 8．What would be the best title for the passage? A．5G Technology: More than about High Speed B．5G Technology Will Shape the Future of Connectivity C．Telecom Giants Work Together to Better 5G Technology D．Advantages and Disadvantages of 5G Technology and Products 解析：A　[标题归纳题。文章首段先抛出5G这一话题，紧接着提到公众对5G技术了解甚少；第二段的第一句提到除了速度之外5G技术比4G技术有更多优势，紧接着第三段以及第四段分别介绍了5G技术的具体优势，由此可知，全文主要是在介绍5G技术的特点不仅仅是高速。结合选项可知，A项正确。] Ⅱ.阅读填句 In American history, Benjamin Franklin was famous for his proverbs.Franklin lived in the 1700s.He was a leader of the American Revolution.He was also a scientist, inventor and writer. For many years, Franklin published a book called Poor Richard's Almanack.He introduced many proverbs that he had heard or created.　__1__　 Like this one：“Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.” Franklin is also remembered for other proverbs like, “A penny saved is a penny earned.” 　__2__　 Here are other examples of proverbs that Americans use.　__3__　 Some people say, “All is fair in love and war.” They mean that anything you do in a relationship or in battle is acceptable.　__4__　 In other words, when you are in love with someone, you may refuse to see anything bad about that person. Some people are only interested in having a relationship with someone who is very good­looking.You might tell them that “Beauty is only skin deep.” Your girlfriend may be lovely to look at, but she may also have some bad qualities.　__5__　 Your boyfriend is a wonderful person, but not good­looking.So what a person looks like is not really important. Another proverb is true in love and war or other situations：“Actions speak louder than words.”It means that what you do is more important than what you say. A．Or the opposite may be true. B．The first ones are about love. C．Some of them are still used today. D．Another proverb says, “Love is blind.” E．A proverb is a short, well­known saying. F．This means that money should not be wasted. G．Another proverb about love is, “Absence makes the heart grow fonder.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了富兰克林的一本书，书中有许多他听到或创作的谚语。 1．C　[前面说富兰克林的书中介绍了他听到的或自己创作的谚语，后面举例进行说明。因此该空应填C项“其中 一些至今还在被使用”。] 2．F　[本句为前面句子“A penny saved is a penny earned.”的解释，故选F。] 3．B　[根据下文叙述和所列举的谚语例子可知，此处开始列举爱情方面的谚语。] 4．D　[根据后面对该谚语的解释“爱一个人时看不到对方的任何缺点”可知，D项中的“Love is blind”符合后面的解释。] 5．A　[根据该空前后对比的解释可知，此处为过渡句，表示“反过来也是如此”。] Ⅲ.语法填空 Edison was one of the greatest 1.　____________　 (invent) that greatly shaped modern society. When he was seven, Edison's family moved from Ohio to Michigan after his father got a job there.Because of hearing problems, he had difficulty 2.　____________　 (follow) the lessons and often ran away from school.However, he used the time to read books and set up a lab at home.But the smell from his lab was often so strong that his mother had to stop him from carrying out any more experiments at home. At the age of twelve, Edison got a job on the Grand Trunk Railway.There, he made use of a(n) 3.　____________　 (abandon) car as his lab.During that time, he 4.　____________　 (successful) developed a device 5.　____________　 could send messages.Eventually, Edison's inventions in telegraphy 6.　____________　 (accept) widely, which made him decide to leave the job and become 7.　____________　 full­time inventor.Edison made many inventions in his life.When asked 8.　____________　 (explain) how he could come up with so many inventions, Edison said genius was one percent inspiration and ninety­nine percent perspiration. Edison died 9.　____________　 October 18,1931.At the time of his 10.　____________　 (die), he was still doing experiments in his lab in West Orange, New Jersey.He clearly enjoyed his work and lived life to the fullest. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了爱迪生的童年和他的发明。 1．inventors　[根据空格前的Edison和one of the可知，用表示人的名词的复数形式。] 2．following　[have difficulty (in) doing sth.做某事有困难。] 3．abandoned　[an abandoned car一节废弃的车厢。] 4．successfully　[修饰动词用副词。] 5．that/which　[could send messages 是定语从句，修饰先行词device，空格处在从句中作主语，故用that或which引导。] 6．were accepted　[表示过去被接受，用一般过去时的被动语态。] 7．a　[表示泛指用a或an。full­time的读音以辅音音素开头，不定冠词用a，a full­time inventor一位全职的发明家。] 8．to explain　[(sb.)be asked to do sth.(某人)被要求做某事。] 9．on　[表示在具体的某一天用介词on。] 10．death　[形容词性物主代词后接名词。] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $