特殊结构与综合语法 主谓一致系统讲解-2025-2026学年高中英语语法考点精讲（全国版）

高中全国版 【特殊结构与综合语法】 主谓一致系统讲解 语法专版 主谓一致系统讲解 特殊结构与综合语法 考点精讲 考点一：主语为单数名词/代词时的主谓一致 规则：结构：谓语动词用单数形式（第三人称单数现在时加-s/-s) 例题l:The boy plays basketball every afternoon. 真题l:Each student一a dictionary in our class.【2023新高考IⅡ卷】 A.have B.hasC.hadD.having(答案：B) 例题2：真题2：Physics.一my favorite subject when I was in high school..【2022XX省联考】 A.isB.areC.wasD.were(答案：C) 考点二：主语为复数名词/代词时的主谓一致 规则：结构：谓语动词用复数形式（原形，be动词用are/were) 例题1：These books belong to the school library. 真题1：Two hundred students_in the hall for the meeting now.【202lX市高二期末】 A.gather B.gathers C.gathered D.is gathering(答案：A) 例题2：真题2：The children_playing games on the playground when it started to rain.【2023XX 市高三一模】 A.wasB.were C.areD.is(答案：B) 考点三：不可数名词作主语时的主谓一致 规则：结构：谓语动词用单数形式 例题l:Water is essential for life. 真题l:The news_so surprising that everyone was shocked.【2022全国甲卷】 A.isB.areC.wasD.were(答案：C) 例题2：真题2：Some useful information_been collected by the research team.【2023 新高考I 卷】 A.hasB.have C.isD.are(答案：A) 考点四：”名词+介词短语”结构作主语时的主谓一致 高中全国版 【特殊结构与综合语法】 主谓一致系统讲解 规则： 结构：谓语动词与中心名词保持一致（忽略介词短语中的名词） 例题1：The number of students in our class is45. 真题l:A group of children_playing in the park.【2021XX省高考真题】 A.isB.areC.wasD.were(答案：B) 例题2：真题2：The book with three chapters_published last month.【2022XX市高三二模】 A.wasB.were C.hasD.have(答案：A) 考点五：不定代词作主语时的主谓一致 规则： somebody/someone/anybody/anyone/everybody/everyone/nobody/no onel/each/either/neither作主语时，谓语用单数；both/many/few/several作主语时，谓语用复 数 例题1：Everyone in the room knows the answer. 真题l:Neither of the two books_interesting to me.【2023XX省联考】 A.isB.areC.were D.be(答案：A) 例题2：真题2：Both of my parents.一teachers in a local school.【2022XX市高二质检】 A.isB.areC.wasD.were（答案：B) 考点六：”there be'”句型中的主谓一致 规则：结构：be动词与最近的主语保持一致（就近原则） 例题l:There is a pen and two books on the desk 真题l:There_a supermarket and several restaurants in this area.【2021XX市高三一模】 A.isB.areC.wasD.were(答案：A) 例题2：真题2：There_two apples and a banana in the basket.【2023XX省高二期末】 A.isB.areC.hasD.have(答案：B) 考点七：并列主语的主谓一致 规则：结构：and连接两个单数名词作主语时，谓语用复数；”each...andeach..”或'evey.andevery.” 连接时，谓语用单数；”not only..but also”等连接时，谓语与最近主语一致（就近原则） 例题1：Tom and Jerry are good friends. 真题l:Not only my parents but also my brother_to the party.【2022全国乙卷模拟】 A.goB.goes C.went D.going(答案：B) 例题2：真题2：Each boy and each girl一given a gift on Christmas Day..【2023XX省联考】 A.isB.areC.wasD.were(答案：A) 考点八：集合名词作主语时的主谓一致 2 高中全国版 【特殊结构与综合语法】 主谓一致系统讲解 规则：结构：强调整体时谓语用单数，强调个体时谓语用复数（如family,class,team等） 例题1：The family is going on a trip.(整体)/The family are watching TV.(个体) 真题l:The team一preparing for the final match.【2021XX省高考真题】 A.isB.areC.wasD.were(答案：A) 例题2：真题2：Our class一different opinions on the topic..【2022XX市高三二模】 A.hasB.have C.isD.are(答案：B) 考点九：”分数/百分数+of什名词”作主语时的主谓一致 规则：结构：谓语动词与of后的名词保持一致 1:Two thirds of the students are from the south. 真题1：About70%of the earth's surface_covered by water..【2023新高考I卷】 A.isB.areC.wasD.were（答案：A) 例题2：真题2：Three fifths of the books in the library一written in English.【2022X市高二期 末】 A.isB.areC.hasD.have(答案：B) 考点十：”the+形容词”表示一类人时的主谓一致 规则：结构：谓语动词用复数形式 例题1：The old are taken good care of in our community. 真题l:The poor一always helped by the local government..【2021XX省联考】 A.is B.are C.was D.were (答案：B) 例题2：真题2：The young一the hope of the country.【2023XX市高三一模】 A.is B.are C.has D.have (答案：B) 考点综合训练 I单项选择 1.The number of visitors to the museum_increasing every year. A.is B.are C.was D.were 2.Not only my sister but also I interested in painting. A.am B.is C.are D.was 3.Three fourths of the land_covered with trees in this area. A.is B.are C.has D.have 4.The class divided into six groups for the project. 3 高中全国版 【特殊结构与综合语法】 主谓一致系统讲解 A.is B.are C.was D.were 5.Therea pen,two notebooks and a dictionary on the desk. A.is B.are C.has D.have 6.Neither the teacher nor the students-aware of the problem A.is B.are C.was D.were 7.The young-always full of energy and hope. A.is B.are C.has D.have 8.A pair of glasseson the table,but I don't know whose they are. A.is B.are C.was D.were 血.完成句子 1.这个学校五分之三的学生来自农村。 Three fifths of the students in this school from the countryside. 2.不仅孩子们，他们的父母也喜欢这部动画片。 Not only the children but also their parents this cartoon. 3.这些数据需要被仔细分析。 The data_to be analyzed carefully. 4.该团队正在为即将到来的比赛做准备。 The team-preparing for the upcoming competition. 5.篮子里有一些苹果和一串香蕉。 There_some apples and a bunch of bananas in the basket. 6.老年人应该得到全社会的尊重。 The elderly-respected by the whole society. Ⅲ，短文改错 下面短文中共有8处与主谓一致相关的错误，请找出并改正 My family are a big one with six members.Each of my parents work in a hospital.The number of my cousins are five,and we all get along well.There is two sisters and a brother in my family.Neither my brother nor my sisters likes playing football.Three fourths of my spare time are spent reading.The poor in this village is often helped by the local government.A group of students is planting trees in the park now. V.语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 The environment is crucial to human survival.Each year,a large amount of waste-(produce)by 4 高中全国版 【特殊结构与综合语法】 主谓一致系统讲解 industries and households.Most of this waste(be)non-biodegradable,which(harm)the ecosystem. A survey shows that 60%of students_(not realize)the importance of recycling.The government,as well as schools,-(try)to educate people about environmental protection.There-(be)many ways to reduce waste,such as using reusable bags and saving water. The public(call)on to take action now.Remember:no single person_(be)too small to make a difference,and every effort_(count). 参考答案 I单项选择 1.A2.A3.A4.A5.A6B7B8.A Ⅱ.完成句子 1.are 2.like 3.need 4.is 5.are 6.should be Ⅲ.短文改错 l.are→is2.work→works3.are→is4.is→are5.likes-→like6.are→is7.is→are8. is→are V.语法填空 1.is produced 2.is 3.harms 4.do not realize 5.is trying 6.are 7.is called 8.is 9. counts