句法 定语从句系统讲解-2025-2026学年高中英语语法考点精讲（全国版）

高中全国版 【句法专版】 定语从句系统讲解 句法专版 定语从句系统讲解 语法专项突破 考点精讲 考点一：关系代词的基本用法(that/which/.who/whom/whose) 规则：指代先行词为人时用who/whom/that/whose;指代物时用which//that/whose;whose表示所 属关系，后接名词 例题l:The girl who is standing there is my sister.(who指代人，作主语) 真题：This is the book_tells us about American history.【2022全国甲卷】 A.what B.which C.whose D.who(答案：B) 例题2：真题：The manwe met yesterday is a famous scientist.【2021XX省高中联考】 A.which B.whose C.whom D.what(答案：C) 考点二：关系代词hat与which的区别 规则：只能用that的情况（先行词为不定代词/最高级/序数词/人+物：被only/any/no等修饰）： 只能用which的情况（非限制性定语从句；介词后） 例题l:This is the best film that I have ever seen.(先行词被最高级修饰) 真题：All_we need is more time.【2023新高考I卷】 A.which B.that C.what D.who (答案：B) 例题2：真题：She bought a new phone,._cost her5000yuan.【2022XX市高三一模】 A.that B.which C.whose D.who(答案：B) 考点三：关系副词的用法(when/where/.why) 规则：when指代时间，在从句中作时间状语；where指代地点，作地点状语：why指代原因，作 原因状语（先行词为reason) 例题1：I still remember the day when I first came to this school.. 真题：This is the factory my father worked20 years ago.【2021X省高考真题】 A.where B.that C.which D.when（答案：A) 例题2：真题：Do you know the reasonhe was late for class?【2023XX市高二期末】 A.when B.where C.whyD.which(答案：C) 高中全国版 【句法专版】 定语从句系统讲解 考点四：介词+关系代词（介词提前) 规则：介词+which/whom(根据先行词或从句谓语动词搭配确定介词) 1:The house in which I lived last year has been sold.(=The house which I lived in...) 真题：This is the teacherwe should learn.【2022全国乙卷】 A.from whom B.whom C.which D.from which(答案：A) 例题2：真题：The pen I write is very expensive.【202lXX省高三联考】 A.with which B.which C.by which D.that(答案：A) 考点五：非限制性定语从句 规则： 用逗号与主句隔开，不能用that引导，指代整个主句时用which/as(as可放句首，which 不可) 1:She failed the exam,which made her parents very angry. 真题：is known to all,.the earth moves around the sun.【2023新高考IⅡ卷】 A.Which B.AsC.That D.What(答案：B) 例题2：真题：He passed the exam,_surprised everyone in our class..【2022XX市高二质检】 A.that B.which C.whoD.as(答案：B) 考点六：先行词为way/time/period等特殊词的定语从句 规则：way作先行词时，可用that/in which或省略关系词：time作先行词且表示”次数”时用that 或省略 例题1：Idon't like the way(hat/in which)he speaks to his mother. 真题：This is the second timeI have visited Beijing.【2o2lXX省高考真题】 A.which B.when C.that D.in which(答案：C) 例题2：真题：I was impressed by the way_she dealt with the difficult situation.【2023XX市高 三二模】 A.howB.which C.in that D./(答案：D) 考点七：定语从句与同位语从句的区别 规则：定语从句修饰先行词（在从句中作成分)；同位语从句解释说明先行词（从句完整，常用 that引导) 例题1：The news that he told me is true.(定语从句，that作宾语) The news that he will come is true.(同位语从句，that不充当成分) 真题：We heard the news_our team had won the game.【2022XX省联考】 A.which B.that C.where D.when（答案：B) 例题2：真题：The facthe was late for school yesterday is true.【202lXX市高二期末】 2 高中全国版 【句法专版】 定语从句系统讲解 A.why B.which C.that D.when (答案：C) 考点综合训练 一、 单项选择 1.This is the villagemy grandparents lived for 50 years. A.which B.where C.that D.when 2.The novel_cover is blue has been translated into 10 languages. A.who B.whom C.whose D.which 3.I still remember the day we won the school football match. A.when B.where C.why D.which 4.This is the best film I have ever watched. A.which B.that C.what D.who 5.The scientistwe interviewed yesterday won a Nobel Prize. A.which B.whom C.whose D.where 6.He didn't tell me the reason he was absent from class. A.when B.why C.how D.which 7.is known to everyone,the sun rises in the east. A.Which B.As C.That D.What 8.The house-I grew up was destroyed in the storm. A.in which B.which C.in that D.that 二、完成句子 1.这是我昨天买的那支钢笔。 This is the pen I bought yesterday. 2.我们参观的那家工厂建于1990年。 The factory we visited was built in 1990. 3.他来自一个气候温暖的国家。 He comes from a country_the climate is warm 4.我永远不会忘记我们一起度过的时光。 I will never forget the time we spent together. 5.正如计划的那样，会议将在周五举行。 planned,the meeting will be held on Friday. 高中全国版 【句法专版】 定语从句系统讲解 三、短文改错 1.This is the museum where we visited last week. 2.The girl who father is a teacher studies very hard. 3.I don't like the way which he speaks to others. 4.She failed the exam,that made her parents sad. 5.The reason why he was late was because he missed the bus. 四、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Mr.Li is a teacher has taught English for 20 years.He works in a school_is located in the center of the city.Last month,he published a book_(explain)the secrets of learning English.The book,_cover is red,has become very popular.I still remember the first classI attended his lesson.He told us the reasonEnglish is important is that it is an international language.-we all know,learning a language requires practice.Mr.Li always says,"The best wayyou can improve your English is to use it daily." 参考答案 一、单项选择 1.B2.C3.A4.B5.B6.B7.B8.A 二、完成句子 1.which/that 2.which/that 3.where/in which 4.which/that 5.As 三、短文改错 1.where→which/.that2.who→whose3.which→that/in which/删除which 4.that→which5.because→that 四、语法填空 who/that which/that explaining whose that why As that/in which/that