基础动词用法 情态动词系统讲解-2025-2026学年高中英语语法考点精讲（全国版）

高中全国版基础动词用法 【寒假专版】B版考点精讲 寒假专版 情态动词系统讲解 语法专项突破 考点精讲 考点一：can/could的基本用法 结构：can表示”能/会/可以”（现在或普遍能力）：could表示过去能力或委婉请求 She can speak three languages fluently.Could you please pass me the pen? 真题1：一Can you swim across the river?【2022X省高一期末】 -No,I,but I will learn next summer. A.mustn't B.needn't C.can't D.shouldn't (答案：C) 考点二：may/might的基本用法 结构：may表示'可以/何能”（许可或推测）：might表示过去许可或可能性更小的推测 例句：May I leave the classroom early?/She might be at home now. 真题1：一I use your dictionary for a minute?【2023新高考IⅡ卷模拟】 -Sure,here you are. A.Must B.Should C.May D.Need (答案：C) 考点三：must/have to的用法区别 结构：must表示主观”必须”（否定用mustn't禁止”）：have to表示客观”不得不，（有人称时态 变化) 例句：We must obey traffic rules./She has to work overtime today.. 真题1：You_be quiet in the reading room,everyone is studying.【202lXX市高一期末】 A.canB.must C.mayD.could(答案：B) 考点四：should/ought to的用法 结构：should/ought to表示”应该'（责任义务或建议）：ought to否定用ought not to 例句：You should apologize to her./We ought to help each other. 真题1：You_take more exercise to keep healthy.【2022全国甲卷模拟】 高中全国版基础动词用法 【寒假专版】B版考点精讲 A.would B.should C.might D.could (答案：B) 考点五：情态动词表推测 结构： 肯定推测：must(一定)>may/might(可能)：否定推测：can't(不可能)>may not(可 能不) 例句：He must be at school now./The door is locked,they can't be at home. 真题1：The light is on,.so he be in the office.【2023新高考I卷】 A.must B.can'tC.might D.may not(答案：A) 考点六：”情态动词+have-+过去分词”的用法 结构：must have done(一定做过)：can't have done(不可能做过)：could/might have done（本可 能做过)：should have done(本应该做过) You should have told me the truth earlier./They might have arrived already. 真题l:You_told me you were coming,I would have met you at the station.【2023XX省高二期 末】 A.should B.would C.must D.need (答案：A) 考点七：need/dare的用法 结构：need作情态动词表”需要，（仅用于否定/疑问句），作实义动词有人称时态变化：dare作情 态动词表”敢”（否定用daren't),作实义动词后接todo 例句：You needn't come tomorrow./She doesn't dare(to)speak in public. 真题1：一Need I finish the work today?【2022XX市高一质检】 -No,you_.You can do it tomorrow. A.mustn't B.needn't C.can't D.shouldn't (答案：B) 考点综合训练 一、 单项选择 1.You be quiet in the library,everyone is reading. A.can B.must C.may D.could 2.-I borrow your umbrella? -Sorry,I need it myself. A.Must B.Should C.May D.Would 3.He_have finished the work on time,but he was ill yesterday. 2 高中全国版基础动词用法 【寒假专版】B版考点精讲 A.should B.must C.can D.need 4.We finish the project today,the deadline is next Monday. A.mustn't B.needn't C.can't D.shouldn't 5.The door is locked.Theybe at home now. A.must B.can't C.might D.may not 二、完成句子 1.你不应该在课堂上睡觉。 You_sleep in class. 2.她五岁时就会说英语了。 She English when she was five. 3.他们今天可能不会来参加聚会。 They_come to the party today. 4.我们必须在周五前交作业。 Weour homework before Friday. 5.要是你早点告诉我，我就不会迟到了。 If you_me earlier,I late. 三、短文改错下面短文中共有5处与情态动词相关的错误，请找出并改正 1.I can swim across the river when I was ten years old. 2.You mustn't be careful with the knife;it's very sharp 3.She may not seen the film,because she talked about it yesterday. 4.We need finish the work today,but we have no time. 5.If he studies hard,he would pass the exam. 四、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Students in senior high school-(1)(must)follow school rules.For example,they_(2)(not smoke)in the classroom.If they break the rules,they(3)(have to)face punishment.Teachers often say students -(4)(should)study hard,but some students still waste time.Last week,Tom was late for class.His teacher told him he(5)(ought to)arrive on time.Tom said he(6)(might)have missed the bus.In fact,he(7)(can)have got up earlier.It's important for students to learn to use correctly. 参考答案 3 高中全国版基础动词用法 【寒假专版】B版考点精讲 一、单项选择 1.B2.C3.A4.B5.B 二、完成句子 1.should not 2.could speak 3.may not/might not 4.must hand 5.had told;wouldn't have been 三、短文改错 l.can→could2.nustn't→must3.seen→have seen 4.need后加to 5.studies→studied 四、语法填空 1.must 2.mustn't 3.will have to 4.should 5.ought to 6.might 7.could 4