基础动词用法 非谓语动词分类系统讲解-2025-2026学年高中英语语法考点精讲（全国版）

高中全国版基础动词用法 【寒假专版】B版考点精讲 寒假专版 非谓语动词分类系统讲解 语法专项突破 考点精讲 考点一：动词不定式(todo)作主语 规则：结构：To do sth.+谓语动词（单数）：Itis+adj.+to do sth.(it作形式主语) To learn English well is important./It is important to learn English well. 例题1：English well requires a lot of practice.【2022XX省高一期末】 A.Learn B.Learning C.To learn D.Learned(答案：C) 例题2：It isnecessary for us._the rules of the school.【2021XX市高二质检】 A.follow B.to follow C.following D.followed(答案：B) 考点二：动词不定式(todo)作宾语 规则：结构：及物动词+to do sth.（常见动词：want,hope,decide,.plan,ty,manage等) 例句：She hopes to study abroad next year. 例题1：He decided_a part-time job during the summer vacation.【2023XX市高三一模】 A.take B.taking C.to take D.took(答案：C) 例题2：My parents always encourage me_my dreams..【2022全国乙卷模拟】 A.pursue B.to pursue C.pursuing D.pursued(答案：B) 考点三：动词不定式(todo)作宾语补足语 规则：结构：动词+宾语+to do sth.（常见动词：ask,telL,want,teach,.allow等；被动语态中to不 可省略) 例句：The teacher asked us to finish the homework on time. 例题1：My mother often tells me._too much time playing games..【2021XX省联考】 A.not to spend B.not spend.don't spend D.not spending(答案：A) 例题2：The children were seen_in the park yesterday afternoon.【2023新高考IⅡ卷模拟】 A.play B.to play C.playing D.played(答案：B) 考点四：动词不定式(todo)作定语 1 高中全国版基础动词用法 【寒假专版】B版考点精讲 规则：结构：名词+tod0sh.(不定式与名词构成逻辑动宾关系，若不定式为不及物动词，需加 介词) 例句：I have a lot of homework to do./She needs a pen to write with, 例题l:I need a quiet placefor the coming exam.【2022XX市高二期末】 A.study B.studying C.to study D.studied（答案：C) 例题2：There is no room_in this small house.【2021XX省高一质检】 A.to live B.living O.to live in D.living in(答案：c) 考点五：现在分词(doing)作定语 规则：结构：单个分词置于名词前，分词短语置于名词后：表示主动或进行的动作 例句：a running boy/The girl singing in the room is my sister. 例题l:e walked past a_shop and bought some bread.【2023XX省高三二模】 A.bake B.baking C.baked D.to bake(答案：B) 例题2：The students_in the library are preparing for the exam.【2022全国甲卷模拟】 A.read B.reading C.to read D.having read(答案：B) 考点六：现在分词(doing)作状语 规则：结构：置于句首或句中，表时间、原因、伴随、结果等：与逻辑主语构成主动关系 例句：Walking in the park,I met an old friend.(时间)/Being ill,he didn't go to school..(原因) 例题l:heavily,the workers continued working outside.【202lXX市高三联考】 A.Rain B.Raining C.Rained D.To rain（答案：B) 例题2：He sat by the window,a novel..【2022XX省高二质检】 A.read B.reading C.to read D.reads(答案：B) 考点七：过去分词(done)作定语 规则：结构：单个分词置于名词前，分词短语置于名词后：表示被动或完成的动作 例句：broken glass/The book written by Lu Xun is popular. 例题l:Ireceived a_letter from my pen pal yesterday.【2023新高考I卷模拟】 A.writeB.writing C.written D.to write（答案：C) 例题2：The problem_at the meeting yesterday has been solved.【2022XX市高一期末】 A.discussing B.discussed C.to discuss D.discuss(答案：B) 考点八：过去分词(done)作状语 2 高中全国版基础动词用法 【寒假专版】 B版考点精讲 规则：结构：置于句首或句中，表时间、原因、条件等；与逻辑主语构成被动关系 例句：Seen from the top of the hill,the city looks beautiful.(时间)/Encouraged by his teacher,he studied harder.(原因) 1:in 1949,the People's Republic of China is now one of the strongest countries in the world. 【2021X省高考真题】 A.Found B.Founding C.To found D.Founded (答案：D) 例题2：_carefully,the letter was put into the envelope.【2023X市高二一模】 A.Fold B.Folding C.Folded D.To fold(答案：C) 考点九：非谓语动词作宾语时的固定搭配 规则：1.只能接动名词(doing)作宾语的动词：enjoy,.finish,practice,mind,avoid,suggest,keep等 2.只能接不定式(todo)作宾语的动词：want,hope,decide,.refuse,promise,afford等 3.接不定式和动名词意义不同的动词：remember,forget,.regret,.stop,ty等 例句：I enjoy listening to music../She decided to leave early../Remember to lock the door.(记得去做) /I remember locking the door.(记得做过) 例题l:He suggested._a meeting to discuss the problem.【2022全国甲卷】 A.hold B.to hold C.holding D.held(答案：C) 例题2：Don't forget_the lights when you leave the room.【2021XX市高一期末】 A.turn off B.to turn off C.turning off D.turned off(答案：B) 考点十：非谓语动词的否定形式 规则：结构：not+不定式/现在分词/过去分词 He decided not to go./Not knowing the answer,he kept silent.Not invited,she felt sad. 例题l:She pretended_the truth about the accident..【2023XX省高三联考】 A.not know B.not to know C.not knowing D.not known (答案：B) 例题2：_by his parents,he had to finish the work alone.【2022XX市高二质检】 A.Not helping B.Not helped C.Not to help D.Not help (答案：B) 考点综合训练 I单项选择 1.She hopesa volunteer in the community this summer. A.be B.to be C.being D.been 2.The film now is based on a true story. A.show B.showing C.shown D.to show 3 高中全国版基础动词用法 【寒假专版】B版考点精讲 3.My parents warned mealone at night. A.not walk B.not to walk C.not walking D.don't walk 4.-the report carefully,he found several mistakes. A.Read B.Reading C.Readed D.To read 5.This is the first time I such a beautiful sunset A.see B.seeing C.saw D.have seen 亚.完成句子 1.他承诺不再迟到。 He promised late again 2.正在讨论的计划需要进一步修改。 The plan needs further revision 3.老师鼓励我们勇敢面对挑战。 The teacher encouraged us_challenges bravely. 4.没有你的帮助，我不可能完成这项工作。 Without your help,I the work. Ⅲ短文改错下面短文中共有5处与非谓语动词相关的错误，请找出并改正 1.He decided not going to the party because of illness. 2.The girl dressed in red is my sister who loves sing. 3.Seen from the top of the mountain,the city looks beautifully. 4.I have a lot of homework to be done tonight. 5.Not know how to solve the problem,he turned to his teacher. V.语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Last weekend,I went to a bookstore 1.-(look)for a new novel.While 2.(walk)around,I noticed a girl 3.(read)quietly in the comner.She seemed 4.(lose)in the story,with a smile on her face.I wanted 5.(ask)her about the book,but she left before I could speak.Later,I found the same novel and started 6.-(read)it.It was so interesting that I couldn't stop 7.-(turn)the pages.By the end of the day,I had finished half of it and planned 8.(buy)it the next day. 参考答案 4 高中全国版基础动词用法 【寒假专版】B版考点精讲 I单项选择 1.B2.B3.B4.B5.D Ⅱ.完成句子 1.not to be 2.being discussed 3.to face 4.couldn't have finished Ⅲ.短文改错 1.going→togo2.sing→singing3.beautifully→beautiful 4.be done→do 5.kow→knowing V.语法填空 1.to look 2.walking 3.reading 4.lost 5.to ask 6.reading 7.turning 8.to buy