基础词法 名词与代词系统讲解-2025-2026学年高中英语语法考点精讲（全国版）

高中全国版 【基础词法】 名词与代词系统讲解 基础词法 名词与代词系统讲解 语法专项突破 考点精讲 考点一：名词的数（可数与不可数） 规则：可数名词有单复数形式，不可数名词无复数形式，需用数词+量词+o”结构表示数量 例题1：We need some._about how to learn English well.【2022全国乙卷模拟】 A.information B.informations C.message D.advices(答案：A) 例题2：一low many_are there in the fridge?【202lXX省高中联考】 一Only two. A.milk B.bread C.eggs D.juice(答案：C) 考点二：名词所有格 规则：有生命名词加's(以s结尾的复数名词加')，无生命名词用of结构：共同所有格在最后一 个名词后加's,分别所有格在每个名词后加's 例题1：This is my_office.He is a doctor..【2023新高考I卷】 A.father B.fathers C.father'sD.fathers'(答案：C) 例题2：These are bags..They bought them yesterday..【2022X市高三一模】 A.Mary and Lucy B.Mary's and Lucy C.Mary and Lucy's D.Mary's and Lucy's (答案：D) 考点三：人称代词、物主代词与反身代词 规则：人称代词主格（作主语）、宾格（作宾语）：物主代词形容词性（后接名词）、名词性（独 立使用)：反身代词（主语与宾语为同一人/物） 例题1：My brother is a teacher..works in a high school..【2021XX省高考真题】 A.HeB.HimC.HisD.Himself(答案：A) 例题2：一Is this your dictionary?【2023XX市高二期末】 -No,it isn't.It's_ A.my;her B.mine;hers C.me;hers D.mine;her (答案：B) 考点四：指示代词与不定代词 高中全国版 【基础词法】 名词与代词系统讲解 规则：指示代词this/that(近/远指单数)，these/those(近/远指复数)：不定代词some/any(肯定/否 定/疑问)，many/much(可数/不可数)，few/little(否定)，afew/a little(肯定)，each/evey(强调 个体/整体)，none/no one(既可指人也可指物/仅指人) 例题1：_of the students in our class has an English dictionary.【2022全国甲卷】 A.Each B.Every C.AlD.Both(答案：A) 例题2：一ow many students are there in the classroom?【2021XX省高三联考】 They are all on the playground. A.No one B.None C.Nothing D.Nobody (答案：B) 考点五：疑问代词与关系代词（基础）》 规则：疑问代词what(什么)、who(谁，主格)、whom(谁，宾格)、whose（谁的)、which(哪 个)：关系代词that/which(指物)、who/whom(指人)、whose(指人/物的所有格)引导定语从句 例题1：Lis the man standing at the door?【2023新高考II卷】 A.What B.Which C.WhoD.Whose(答案：C) 例题2：The girl_is wearing a red dress is my sister.【2022XX市高二质检】 A.who B.which C.whose D.whom (答案：A) 考点综合训练 一、 单项选择 1.My sister lostnew watch yesterday,and now-is very sad. A.her;she B.hers;her C.she;her D.her;hers 2.-How manyare there in the basket? -Only five. A.potato B.potatos C.potatoes D.potato's 3.This isclassroom,and_is on the second floor. A.our;theirs B.ours;their C.us;them D.we;they 4.of the twins has been to the Great Wall,so they are looking forward to the trip. A.Both B.Neither C.All D.None 5.The book_cover is green belongs to my brother. A.who B.whom C.whose D.which 6.My parents often tell me not to laugh atwhen they make mistakes. A.others B.other C.another D.the other 7.There isn't milk left in the fridge.Could you buy some on your way back? 2 高中全国版 【基础词法】 名词与代词系统讲解 A.many B.much C.few D.a few 8.-Is this dictionary? -No,it's my brother's.is on the desk A.your;My B.yours;Mine C.you;Me D.yours;My 二、完成句子 1.这些是汤姆和莉莉的书包，它们看起来很新。 These are Tom's and Lily's_;they look very new. 2.我们应该学会照顾自己。 We should learn to look after_ 3.桌子上有一些面包和三个苹果。 There is some_and three_on the table. 4.我妈妈是一名医生，她在一家儿童医院工作。 My mother is a doctor.works in a children's hospital. 5.这张照片是我朋友的，不是我的。 This photo is my_;it isn't. 三、短文改错 1.My father bought a new bike for me,and I like it very much.Its color is red. 2.She is one of the best student in our class,and her always helps others. 3.There are two books on the desk:one is my,and the other is Mary's. 4.None of the student were late for class this morning because the teacher arrived early. 5.The girl which is standing under the tree is my cousin,and she comes from Canada. 四、语法填空 Hello,everyone!Let me introduce my family.This is my father.is a teacher and works in a middle school.favorite sport is playing basketball.My mother is a doctor,and_often tells me to eat more vegetables.I have a sister.is two years younger than me,and we share_toys.Look!The room with blue walls is_.There are many books on-shelves.-of us loves reading,so we often go to the library together.Last Sunday,we bought some new books.-were very interesting,andnow they are on-desk. 参考答案 3 高中全国版 【基础词法】 名词与代词系统讲解 一、单项选择 1.A2.C3.A4.B5.C6.A7.B8.B 二、完成句子 1.bags 2.ourselves 3.bread;apples 4.She 5.friend's;mine 三、短文改错 1.(无错误)2.student-→students,her→she3.my→mine4.student-→students5.which-→who 四、语法填空 1.He 2.His 3.she 4.She 5.our 6.ours 7.its 8.All 9.They 10.our