基础词法 冠词与数词系统讲解-2025-2026学年高中英语语法考点精讲（全国版）

高中全国版 【基础词法】冠词与数词 语法专版 冠词与数词系统讲解 语法专项突破 考点精讲 考点一：不定冠词a/an的基本用法 规则：结构：a用于辅音音素开头的单数可数名词前：an用于元音音素开头的单数可数名词前， 表示“一个类”“某一个”或泛指人事物 例题l:I need an umbrella on a rainy day There is_h”and_”u'in the word"hour”.【2023XX市高一期末】 A.aanB.an;aC.an;anD.a;a(答案：B) 例题2：-What do you want to be in the future? -I want to be_astronaut..【2022X省高中联考】 A.aB.anC.theD./(答案：B) 考点二：定冠词he的基本用法 规则：结构：用于特指人/事物、上文提到过的人/事物、独一无二的事物（如太阳、地球）、序数 词和最高级前、乐器前等 1:The book on the desk is mine.The sun rises in the east. _Yellow River is_second longest river in China..【2023新高考IⅡ卷】 A.The,aB.,theC.The;theD./;a(答案：C) 例题2：She playspiano very wel,but she can't play_basketbal.【2022XX市高三一模】 A.the,/B.,theC.the,theD.,/(答案：A) 考点三：零冠词的用法 规则：结构：用于复数名词和不可数名词表示泛指、三餐球类学科名词前、专有名词（如人名、 地名)前、by+交通工具等固定搭配中 1:Students should study hard.I have breakfast at 7:00.He goes to school by bike. English is_useful language,it is spoken in many countries.【2021XX省高考真题】 A.,aB.The,anC.,anD.The,a（答案：A) 例题2：We usually play_football after_school..【2023X市高二期末】 高中全国版 【基础词法】冠词与数词 A.the;B./;the C./;/D.the:the (答案：C) 考点四：数词的基本用法（基数词与序数词） 规则：结构：基数词表示数量(one,two,three.):序数词表示顺序(first,,second,third.),序数 词前通常加he 1:There are three books on the shelf.He got the first prize in the competition. Today is my sister'sbirthday,we will have a party for her.【2022全国乙卷模拟】 A.twelve B.twelfth C.the twelfth D.twelveth(答案：B) 例题2：About_students in our school take part in the sports meeting every year.【2021 XX市高 一质检】 A.two hundreds B.two hundred C.hundreds of D.two hundred of (答案：B) 考点五：分数、倍数与概数表达 规则：结构：分数由“基数词+序数词”构成（分子大于1时，分母序数词用复数）：倍数表达 为“倍数+as+形容词原级+as”或“倍数+比较级+than”:概数用hundreds/thousands of等 1:Two thirds of the students are girls.This room is twice as big as that one.Thousands of people visited the museum. _of the land in that area_covered with trees and grass.【2023全国甲卷】 A.Two fifth;is B.Two fifths;are C.Two fifth;are D.Two fifths;is (答案：D) 例题2：This building is_taller than that one.【2022XX省高三联考】 A.twoB.twice C.second D.the second（答案：B) 考点综合训练 I单项选择 1.There is_"x"and"y"in the word"xyloid". A.a;an B.an;a C.an;an D.a;a 2.Himalayas are the highest mountains in world. A.The;/B./;the C.The;the D./;/ 3.My father usually goes to work bycar,but today he tooktaxi. A.the;a B./;a C.a;the D./;/ 4.This is my time to visit Beijing;I went thereyears ago. A.three;two B.third;two C.third;second D.three;second 2 高中全国版 【基础词法】 冠词与数词 5.Aboutpercent of the earth's surface is covered by water. A.seventy one B.seventy-first C.seventy-one D.seventieth Ⅱ.完成句子 1.这个房间的大小是那个房间的五倍。 This room is that one 2.五分之三的学生参加了昨天的讲座。 the students attended the lecture yesterday. 3.他每天放学后打网球，周末弹钢琴。 He plays_after school and_on weekends. 4.这是我妹妹的第十二个生日，我们将为她买一个蛋糕。 This is my sister'sbirthday,we will buycake for her. Ⅲ短文改错下面短文中共有5处与冠词和数词相关的错误，请找出并改正 1.I have an university degree in the mathematics. 错误：一改正：一 2.She is the third student to win a first prize this year. 错误： 改正： 3.Two fifth of the books in our library are written in English 错误：一改正：一 4.My brother goes to school by the bike every day. 错误：一 改正：一 5.Hundred of people gathered in the square to watch the fireworks 错误：一 改正： V.语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Last Sunday,I visited (1)-history museum with my friends.We saw(2)_old map of China,which was made in (3)-19th century.(4)-guide told us that about(5)-(three)of the exhibits were from the Ming Dynasty.There was also a model of(6)Great Wall,which looked like a real one but was only(7)_(two)meters long.I learned that(8)_(hundred)of workers spent(9)_(five)years building this section.Before leaving,we took (10)-photo together to remember the day. 3 高中全国版 【基础词法】冠词与数词 参考答案 I单项选择 1.C2.B3.B4.B5.C Ⅱ.完成句子 1.five times as big as 2.Three fifths of 3.tennis;the piano 4.twelfth;a Ⅲ.短文改错 1.an→a;删除he 2.a→the 3.fifth→fifths 4.删除the 5.Hundred→Hundreds V.语法填空 1.a 2.an 3.the 4.The 5.three fifths 6.the 7.two 8.hundreds 9.five 10.a 4