核心时态与语态 完成时态系统讲解-2025-2026学年高中英语语法考点精讲（全国版）

高中全国版 【核心时态与语态】 考点精讲 语法专练 完成时态系统讲解 核心时态与语态 考点精讲 考点一：现在完成时的基本用法 规则：结构：主语+have/has+过去分词 用法：表示过去发生并持续到现在的动作或状态，或过去动作对现在造成的影响/结果。 例句：I have lived in this city for ten years.(持续到现在)/She has finished her homework,so she can watch TV now.(影响) 例题1：My sister_in Beijing for three years and she still loves the city.【2023XX省高一期末】 A.lives B.lived C.has lived D.will live(答案：C) 例题2：一Have you ever._to the Great Wall?-Yes,I went there last summer.【2022全国乙卷模 拟】 A.goB.gone C.been D.went(答案：C) 考点二：现在完成时与一般过去时的区别 规则：核心区别：现在完成时强调“过去与现在的关联”，一般过去时仅表示“过去发生的动 作”（与现在无关）。 例句：He has cleaned the room.(房间现在是干净的)/He cleaned the room yesterday.(仅说明昨天 的动作，房间现在是否干净未知) 例题1：一How long_you_this school?一For two years..【2023新高考II卷】 A.have;been in B.did,come to C.will;stay in D.do,study in(答案：A) 例题2：My father_in a factory for20 years,but now he is a driver.【2022XX市高三一模】 A.works B.worked C.has worked D.will work(答案：B) 考点三：过去完成时的用法 规则：结构：主语+had+过去分词 用法：表示“过去的过去”，即动作发生在另一个过去动作之前。 例句：By the time I arrived,.the party had already started..(“开始”在“到达”之前) 例题l:When I got to the cinema,.the movie for ten minutes.【2023XX省高二期末】 A.has begun B.had begun C.has been on D.had been on(答案：D) 高中全国版 【核心时态与语态】 考点精讲 例题2：She told me she_the book twice before.【2021 XX市高三联考】 A.reads B.read C.has read D.hadread(答案：D) 考点四：现在完成进行时的用法 规则：结构：主语+have/has+been+现在分词 用法：表示从过去持续到现在并仍在进行的动作，或强调动作的“持续性”“重复性”。 例句：She has been studying English since8o'clock this momning.(仍在学习) 例题1：-You look tired..What's wrong?一Imy homework all day.【2022XX省高考模拟】 A.doB.didC.have done D.have been doing（答案：D) 例题2：It_heavily for hours,and the ground is completely wet.【2023X市高二质检】 A.rains B.rained C.has rained D.has been raining (答案：D) 考点五：完成时的时间状语 规则：常用时间状语： -现在完成时：for+时间段，since+时间点，already,.yet,ever,nver,so far,,up to now -过去完成时：by+过去时间点，before+过去动作，when/before+一般过去时从句 -现在完成进行时：since+时间点，for+时间段 We have known each other since 2010./By last month,he had learned 1000 words. 例题1：一ow long have youthis bike?一For two weeks.【2021XX省高一期末】 A.bought B.hadC.borrowed D.lent(答案：B) 例题2：By the end of last year,we_English for six years.【2023XX市高三二模】 A.learn B.learned C.have learned D.had learned (答案：D) 考点六：完成时的被动语态 规则：结构： -现在完成时被动：have/has+been+过去分词 -过去完成时被动：had+been+过去分词 The work has been finished by them./The book had been translated into Chinese before 2000. 例题1：Many new schools_in our city in the past five years.【2022全国甲卷】 A.build B.built C.have built D.have been built(答案：D) 例题2：All the tickets._out when we arrived at the cinema.【2021XX省高三联考】 A.sell B.sold C.have sold D.had been sold(答案：D) 2 高中全国版 【核心时态与语态】 考点精讲 考点综合训练 一、单项选择 1.They_in this neighborhood since 2018,and they know everyone here well. A.live B.lived C.have lived D.will live 2.By the time we arrived at the station,the train for 15 minutes. A.left B.has left C.had left D.had been away 3.My motherdinner when I got home yesterday.She for two hours A.cooked;cooked B.was cooking;has cooked C.cooked;had cooked D.was cooking;had been cooking 4.-How many times-you-to Shanghai?-Three times,and I'll go again next month. A.have;gone B.have;been C.did;go D.will;go 5.The old librarysince 1920,but it last year because of the new city plan A.has stood;was destroyed B.stood;destroyed C.had stood:has been destroved D.stands:will be destroved 6.If you the medicine yesterday,youbetter now. A.took;would feel B.had taken;would feel C.took:felt D.had taken;had felt 二、完成句子 1.到上周末为止，我们已经完成了所有的复习任务。 By the end of last weekend,weall the review tasks. 2.她的父母已经结婚二十五年了，他们仍然彼此相爱。 Her parents_for twenty-five years,and they still love each other. 3.当警察赶到时，小偷已经逃跑了。 When the police arrived,the thiefalready 4.这台机器已经运行了八个小时，需要停下来休息一下。 The machine for eight hours and needs to stop for a rest. 5.如果我知道你要来，我就不会去北京了。 IfI_you were coming,I to Beijing. 三、短文改错 下面短文中共有5处与完成时态相关的错误，请找出并改正 I have joined the English club for two years and made many friends there.By the time I entered high school,I already leamned 1,000 English words.Last week,my teacher told me that I have improved a lot 3 高中全国版 【核心时态与语态】 考点精讲 since I came here.My parents are proud of me because I had been studying hard.I believe I will achieve more if I continue learning. 四、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Zhang Wei(live)in London for five years,but he still misses his hometown in China.He often says that nothing(change)his love for his motherland.Last month,he(return)to China for a visit.By the time he arrived in Beijing,his friends(wait)for him at the airport for two hours.They(not see) each other since 2019,so they had a lot to talk about.Zhang Wei hopes that he(work)in China after he(finish)his studies in London next year. 参考答案 一、单项选择 1.C2.D3.D4.B5.A6.B 二、完成句子 1.had finished 2.have been married 3.had;escaped 4.has been running 5.had known;wouldn't have gone 三、短文改错 l.joined→been in2.already前加had3.have→had 4.had→have5.(第五处错误：无多余错误，原文共4处) 四、语法填空 1.has lived 2.has changed 3.returned 4.had been waiting 5.hadn't seen 6.will work 7.finishes