非谓语动词 分词 doing done 系统讲解-2025-2026学年高中英语语法考点精讲（全国版）

高中全国版 【语法专版】 非谓语动词系统讲解 语法专版 分词doing/done系统讲解 非谓语动词专项突破 考点精讲 考点一：现在分词doing的基本用法（表主动、进行） 规则：结构：doig形式在句中作定语、状语、宾语补足语等，与被修饰词/逻辑主语为主动关系， 或表示动作正在进行 例题1：The students_in the classroom are preparing for the exam.【2023X市高二期末】 A.study B.studying C.studied D.to study(答案：B) 例题2：_the piano,.she didn't hear the doorbell ring.【2022XX省联考】 A.Play B.Playing C.Played D.To play (答案：B) 考点二：过去分词done的基本用法（表被动、完成） 规则：结构：don形式在句中作定语、状语、宾语补足语等，与被修饰词/逻辑主语为被动关系， 或表示动作已完成 例题l:The meeting_yesterday was about environmental protection.【2023新高考Ⅱ卷模拟】 A.hold B.holding C.held D.to hold(答案：c) 例题2：by the beautiful scenery,the visitors decided to stay another day.【202lXX市高三一模】 A.Attracting B.Attracted C.To attract D.Attract (答案：B) 考点三：分词作定语的区别(doing/done/to do) 规则：结构：doing表主动进行；done表被动完成：todo表将来动作 例题1：We are looking forward to the partynext weekend.【2022全国甲卷模拟】 A.hold B.holding C.held D.to be held(答案：D) 例题2：Ihave a report._(write)this evening.Could you help me?【2023X省高二期末】 (答案：to write) 考点四：分词作状语的逻辑主语与独立主格结构 高中全国版 【语法专版】 非谓语动词系统讲解 规则：结构：分词作状语时，逻辑主语需与主句主语一致：若不一致，需用独立主格结构（名词代 词+分词) 例题1：from the hill,.the village looks very beautiful.【2021XX省高考真题】 A.Seeing B.Seen C.To see D.See(答案：B) 例题2：The meeting一，we all went home happily.【2023XX市高三二模】 A.finish B.finishing C.finished D.to finish (答案：C) 考点五：分词作宾语补足语（感官动词/使役动词+宾语+分词） 规则：结构：感官动词(see/hear/feel等)或使役动词(keep/have等)后接宾语，用doing表主 动进行，done表被动完成 例题l:I saw himbasketball on the playground just now.【2022XX市高二质检】 A.play B.playing C.played D.to play(答案：B) 例题2：We should keep the windows_(close)when we leave the room.【2021XX省联考】 (答案：closed) 考点六：分词的固定搭配与独立成分 规则：结构：常见固定搭配（如be interested in,be devoted to):独立成分（如generally speaking, judging from） 例题l:from his expression,.he was satisfied with the result..【2023新高考I卷模拟】 A.Judge B.Judging C.Judged D.To judge(答案：B) 例题2：_in the novel,she didn't notice the time passing by.【2022X市高三期末】 A.Absorbing B.Absorbed C.To absorb D.Absorb (答案：B) 考点综合训练 1单项选择 1.The novel_by Mo Yan has been translated into 30 languages. A.write B.writing C.written D.to write 2.the classroom,the students began to clean the desks and chairs. A.Entering B.Entered C.To enter D.Enter 3.I found a walleton the ground when I walked through the park. A.lie B.lying C.lain D.to lie 4.The meetingtomorrow is about the new school rules. A.hold B.holding C.held D.to be held 高中全国版 【语法专版】 非谓语动词系统讲解 5.by the heavy rain,we had to stay at home for the whole day. A.Stopping B.Stopped C.To stop D.Stop Ⅱ.完成句子 1.那个正在弹钢琴的男孩是我的弟弟。 The boy the piano is my younger brother. 2.被父母鼓励后，她决定参加歌唱比赛。 by her parents,she decided to take part in the singing competition 3.我们应该保持窗户一（关）在冬天。（用所给词适当形式填空） 4.如果时间允许，我们将参观博物馆。 Time_,we will visit the museum. 5.老师让我们等了半小时。 The teacher kept us for half an hour. Ⅲ.短文改错（找出5处与分词相关的错误并改正）I have a friend calling Tom.He is always busy with his studies.Last week,he told me he had a report writing and needed help.Hearing the news, I went to his house immediately.We spent two hours finish the report.Satisfying with our work,we decided to watch a movie. V.语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Yesterday,I saw a girl-(cry)at the bus stop.I walked over and asked her what was wrong.She said she had lost her way home.-(realize)she was scared,I decided to help her.I called the police and stayed with her,(try)to make her calm.(wait)for about 20 minutes,a police car arrived.The girl was happy-(see)the police.Before leaving,she thanked me again and again.I felt very proud of(help) someone in need. 参考答案 I单项选择 1.C2.A3.B4.D5.B Ⅱ.完成句子 1.playing the 2.Encouraged by 3.closed 4.permitting 5.waiting 3 高中全国版 【语法专版】 非谓语动词系统讲解 Ⅲ短文改错 l.calling→called2.writing→to write3.finish→finishing4.Satisfying→Satisfied V.语法填空 1.crying 2.Realizing 3.trying 4.Waiting 5.to see 6.helping 4