基础句法 基本句型-2025-2026学年初中英语语法考点精讲（全国版）

基础句法全国版 【语法专版】 考点精讲 语法专版 基本句型：主系表、主谓宾、主谓双宾 主谓宾补 语法专项突破 考点精讲 考点一：主系表句型的构成及系动词辨析 规则： 主系表句型基本结构为“主语+系动词+表语”，常见系动词包括b动词 (am/is/are/was/were)、感官动词(look/sound/smell/taste/feel)和状态动词(become/get/hum/grow/keep) 等。表语通常由形容词、名词、介词短语、不定式等充当。 例题l:(选择，全国版初中期末真题改编)：The flowers一very beautiful in spring.A.look B tastes C.sounds D.becomes(答案：A) 例题2：（填空）：Our classroom_clean and tidy every day..(答案：is) 考点二：主谓宾句型的识别及谓语动词类型 规则：主谓宾句型基本结构为“主语+及物动词+宾语”，宾语通常由名词、代词、动名词、不 定式等充当，且及物动词后必须接宾语才能表达完整意思。 例题l:(选择，全国版初中期末真题改编)：My brother often._basketball after school.A.play B. plays C.playing D.to play(答案：B) 例题2：（语法填空）：She usually_(read)books in the library on weekends.(答案：reads) 考点三：主谓双宾句型的结构及间接宾语与直接宾语的区分 规则：主谓双宾句型基本结构为“主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语”，间接宾语通常指人， 直接宾语通常指物：部分动词可转换为“主语+及物动词+直接宾语+介词(to/for)+间接宾语” 结构，常见动词有give/show/teach/buy/make等。 例题l:(选择，全国版初中期末真题改编)：My mother bought一a new dress yesterday.A.meB IC.myD.mine(答案：A) 例题2： (句型转换)：He gave me a storybook.(改为同义句)He gave a storybook一一 (答案： to me) 考点四：主谓宾补句型的构成及宾语补足语的类型 基础句法全国版 【语法专版】 考点精讲 规则：主谓宾补句型基本结构为“主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语”，宾语补足语用于补充 说明宾语的身份、状态或动作，常见类型有形容词、名词、不定式（不带t0的不定式或带o的不 定式)、现在分词、过去分词等。 例题1：（选择，全国版初中期末真题改编）：We all think him_honest boy.A.aB.anC.theD./ (答案：B) 例题2： (语法填空)：The teacher asked us一keep)quiet in class.(答案：to keep) (填空)：I found the door_(open)when I got home.(答案：open) 考点综合训练 一、单项选择 1.The milk_fresh in the fridge.A.looks B.smells C.sounds D.becomes 2.My father often-newspapers after dinner.A.read B.reads C.reading D.to read 3.Tom's mother boughta new toy car yesterday.A.he B.his C.him D.himself 4.We believe the storyinteresting.A.be B.is C.to be D.being 5.The girl feels-after running for an hour.A.tired B.tiring C.happily D.quickly 6.My sister_a student three years ago.A.am B.is C.was D.were 7.The teacher tells usquiet in the library.A.keep B.keeping C.to keep D.kept 8.I found my keys-under the sofa this morning.A.lie B.lying C.to lie D.lay 二、语法填空 1.The flowers_(look)very colorful in the garden. 2.My brother usually(play)football with his friends on Sundays. 3.My uncle gave(I)a storybook as a birthday gift. 4.She wants me_(help)her with math homework. 5.The classroom_(be)clean and bright every day. 6.I saw a little girl _(cry)in the park yesterday. 三、句型转换 l.The soup tastes delicious.(对划线部分提间) the soup? 2 基础句法全国版 【语法专版】 考点精讲 2.He bought his sister a new pen.(改为同义句) He bought a new pen_his_ 3.They made the old man happy.(改为一般疑问句) -they_the old man happy? 4.The boy is very tall..(改为主系表句型) The boy_very 四、篇章填空 Hello,everyone!I 1._(be)Li Ming,a student in Grade 8.In the morning,I usually 2.(read)English books in the classroom.My friend Lucy often 3.-(help)me with my pronunciation.Last week,she 4. (give)me a dictionary.It 5.-(look)new and useful.After school,we sometimes play basketball. My teacher always tells us 6.-(keep)healthy.I think my school life 7.-(be)wonderful! 参考答案 一、单项选择 1.A2.B3.C4.C5.A6.C7.C8.B 二、语法填空 1.look 2.plays 3.me 4.to help 5.is 6.crying 三、句型转换 1.How does;taste 2.for;sister 3.Did,make 4.is;tall 四、篇章填空 1.am 2.read 3.helps 4.gave 5.looks 6.to keep 7.is 3