被动语态一般过去 将来 现在完成时被动-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册语法考点精讲（沪外版）

8下沪外版 【寒假专版】B版考点精讲 寒假专版 被动语态：一般过去/将来/现在完成时被 动 语法专项突破 考点精讲 考点一：一般过去时被动语态的构成与用法 规则：一般过去时被动语态的构成为“was/were+及物动词的过去分词”，表示过去某一时间被 发生的动作。当主语是单数时用was,复数时用were。 例题1：（选择，沪外版初中期末真题改编）：The bridge last year.A.build B.built C.was built D.were built 例题2：（填空）：The letters_(send)yesterday. 考点二：一般将来时被动语态的构成与用法 规则：一般将来时被动语态的构成为“will be+及物动词的过去分词”或“an/is/are going to be+ 及物动词的过去分词”，表示将要被发生的动作。 例题1：（选择）：A new school._in our city next year..A.will build B.will be built C.is building D builds 例题2：（句型转换）：They will finish the work tomorrow.(改为被动语态)The work tomorrow 考点三：现在完成时被动语态的构成与用法 规则：现在完成时被动语态的构成为“have/has been+及物动词的过去分词”，表示动作从过去 某一时间开始，持续到现在并对现在造成影响或结果，且主语是动作的承受者。主语是第三人称 单数时用has,其他情况用have。 例题l:(选择)：Many trees._in our school in the past three years.A.planted B.have planted C. have been planted D.were planted 例题2：（填空）：The problem (solve)already. 考点四：主动语态变被动语态的基本转换规则 8下沪外版 【寒假专版】 B版考点精讲 规则：主动语态变被动语态时，将主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语，谓语动词变为“b+过去分 词”形式，主动句的主语变为by的宾语（可省略）。注意时态要保持一致。 例题l:(句型转换)：She bought a new bike last week.(改为被动语态)A new bike._byher last week. 例题2： 考点五：被动语态中by短语的运用 规则：by短语用于引出动作的执行者，通常放在句末。当不需要强调动作执行者时，by短语可 以省略。 例题1： ()The room_cleaned every day by my mother.A.is B.was C.will be D.has been 例题2： 考点综合训练 一、 单项选择 1.The old house in 2005.A.build B.was built C.is built D.will be built 2.A new library in our town next month.A.will build B.was built C.will be built D.has been built 3.These books by students for three years.A.have kept B.have been kept C.kept D.were kept 4.The letterby my brother yesterday.A.wrote B.was written C.is written D.will be written 5.Many treesin the park since last spring.A.planted B.have planted C.have been planted D.were planted 6.The problemby the teacher tomorrow.A.will solve B.will be solved C.is solved D.was solved 7.This story by my grandmother when I was young.A.tells B.told C.was told D.is told 8.The meetingby the manager next week.A.has held B.will be held C.was held D.holds 二、语法填空 1.The letter(send)to him last week. 2.A new road_(build)here next year. 3.The flowers(water)by my sister already. 4.These photos(take)in the park yesterday. 5.The project_(finish)before the end of this month. 2 8下沪外版 【寒假专版】 B版考点精讲 6.The old cars(sell)last month. 7.The question(answer)by the student just now. 8.More trees-(plant)in the city since 2020. 三、句型转换 1.They held a party last night..(改为被动语态) A partyby them last night 2.We will finish the work next Friday..(改为被动语态) The work next Friday. 3.My father has repaired the bike.(改为被动语态) The bike by my father. 4.She bought a new dress yesterday.(改为被动语态) A new dress_by her yesterday. 5.The workers will build a bridge over the river.(改为被动语态) A bridge over the river by the workers. 四、篇章填空 Last year,a new park 1.(build)in our city.Many trees and flowers 2.(plant)there.Now,the park looks very beautiful.Next month,a children's playground 3.(add)to it.Local people say the park 4.(visit)by thousands of people since it opened.Last week,a music festival 5.(hold)there,and more events 6.(plan)for next year.Everyone is happy that the park 7.-(bring)so much joy to the community. 参考答案 一、单项选择 1.B2.C3.B4.B5.C6.B7.C8.B 二、语法填空 1.was sent 2.will be built 3.have been watered 4.were taken 5.will be finished 6.were sold 7.was answered 8.have been planted 8下沪外版 【寒假专版】B版考点精讲 三、句型转换 1.was held 2.will be finished 3.has been repaired 4.was bought 5.will be built 四、篇章填空 1.was built 2.were planted 3.will be added 4.has been visited 5.was held 6.will be planned 7.has been brought 4