情态动词 have done表推测 轻微责备-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册语法考点精讲（沪外版）

8下沪外版 【寒假专版】 B版考点精讲 寒假专版 情态动词+have done(表推测/轻微责备) 语法专项突破 考点精讲 考点一：情态动词must+have done表对过去的肯定推测 规则：must have done表示“过去一定做了某事”，用于肯定句，推测可能性极高，常伴有依据。 例题l:(选择，沪外版七下期末真题改编)：The ground is all wet..It_rained heavily last night A.must B.canC.mayD.need(答案：A) 例题2： ()He_(must finish)his homework,because he is playing outside now. (答案： must have finished) 考点二：情态动词can/could not+have done表对过去的否定推测 规则：can/could not have done表示“过去不可能做了某事”，用于否定句，推测过去某事不可能 发生。 例题1：（选择，沪外版八上期末模拟题）：Is Tom in the library?一No,he一gone there.I saw him go to the playground just now.A.mustn't have B.can't have C.shouldn't have D.needn't have 案：B) 例题2： (填空)：She_(can see)me yesterday,because I wasn't there at all. (答案：can't have seen) 考点三：情态动词may/might+have done表对过去的可能性推测 规则：may/might have done表示“过去可能/或许做了某事”，用于肯定句或否定句(might可能 性比may更低)，推测不确定性较强。 例题l:(选择，沪外版八下期末真题改编)：一Where is Lucy?一She一gone to the teachers'office. I'm not sure.A.must have B.can have C.may have D.should have(答案：C) 例题2：（填空）：You_(may miss))the bus..It left five minutes ago. (答案：may have missed) 考点四：情态动词should/,ought to+have done表轻微责备 8下沪外版 【寒假专版】B版考点精讲 规则：should/ought to have done表示“过去本应该做某事但未做”，带有“本该如此却未做到”的 轻微责备或遗憾语气。 例题l:(选择，沪外版九上期末真题改编)：You一arrived earlier..The meeting started ten minutes ago.A.should have B.must have C.can have D.may have(答案：A) 例题2：（填空）：He一(should tell)me the truth,but he kept silent.(答案：should have told) 考点五：情态动词needn't+have done表不必要做却做了 规则：needn't have done表示“过去本不必做某事但实际上做了”，强调动作的多余性。 例题1： (选择，沪外版九下期末模拟题)：You一bought so much bread..We still have plenty at home.A.needn't have B.mustn't have C.can't have D.shouldn't have (A) 例题2： (填空)：She_(eed carry)the heavy box herself.I would have helped her. (答案： needn't have carried) 考点综合训练 一、单项选择 1.The door is locked.He_gone out. A.must have B.can have C.may have D.need have 2.-Did you see Lily at the party? -No,she_come.She was ill in hospital. A.mustn't have B.can't have C.shouldn't have D.needn't have 3.You_told me earlier!I could have helped you. A.must have B.should have C.may have D.can have 4.They_finished the project,but I'm not sure. A.must have B.can't have C.might have D.needn't have 5.Webought so much food.The guests didn't come. A.needn't have B.mustn't have C.can't have D.shouldn't have 二、语法填空 1.He_(must finish)his homework,because he's watching TV now. 2.She(can see)the movie yesterday-she was with me all day. 3.They(may miss)the train.It left 10 minutes ago. 4.You_(should tell)him the news earlier.He was worried all day. 2 8下沪外版 【寒假专版】 B版考点精讲 5.We(need carry)the books ourselves.The teacher would have helped. 三、句型转换 l.He must have finished the work.（改为否定句，表“不可能”) 2.They should have arrived on time..(对划线部分提问，划线部分：arrived on time) 3.She may have forgotten the meeting.(改为一般疑问句) 四、篇章填空 Yesterday,I went to the park but forgot my umbrella.When I came back,my clothes were all wet.My mom said,"You 1.(must check)the weather forecast!"I felt sorry because I 2.(should bring)an umbrella. On my way,I met Tom.He was walking quickly,so he 3.-(may hurry)to an appointment.I called him,but he didn't hear me-he 4._(can't hear)me because his headphones were on. Later,I saw a lost dog.It 5.-(must run)away from its owner.I wanted to help,but I 6.-(need not stay)long because the owner arrived soon. 参考答案 一、单项选择 1.A2.B3.B4.C5.A 二、语法填空 1.must have finished 2.can't have seen 3.may have missed 4.should have told 5.needn't have carried 三、句型转换 1.He can't have finished the work. 2.What should they have done? 3.May she have forgotten the meeting? 3 8下沪外版 【寒假专版】B版考点精讲 四、篇章填空 1.should have checked 2.should have brought 3.must have been hurrying 4.can't have heard 5.must have run 6.needn't have stayed 4