特殊结构与综合语法 强调与倒装系统讲解-2025-2026学年高考复习高中英语语法知识点全解（沪外版）

高中下册沪外版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 寒假专版 【专题】强调与倒装系统讲解 特殊结构与综合语法 考频分析 沪外版高中特殊结构与综合语法中，强调与倒装是重点语法模块，考频占句法总量的15%左右，贯 穿试卷核心题型：单项选择3-4题、语法填空2-3题、阅读理解（涉及长难句分析）、书面表达（优 化句式多样性与表达效果)。在结构分析类题目中，强调句的连接词选用、倒装的触发条件及主谓 致往往是解题关键。 考查内容 ·强调句型：It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分的基本结构，以及对句子主语、宾语、状语 的强调应用 ·倒装结构：完全倒装(here/there引导的句子、状语置于句首等)与部分倒装（否定副词置于句首、 only+状语置于句首、so/neither/nor引导的倒装句等)的结构规则 ·语境应用：在阅读理解中识别强调与倒装表达的语气增强作用，在书面表达中根据语境恰当运用以 提升句式多样性 知识点一：强调与倒装的基本结构及用法 1.强调结构（突出句子特定成分） 1.基本句型：It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分（被强调部分为人时可用who) 2.例句： ●It was Mary who broke the window yesterday.(强调主语Mary) 。It is English that I like best.(强调宾语English) 2.部分倒装（将助动词情态动词/系动词置于主语前） 1.常见触发词：否定词(never/seldom/hardly)、半否定词(little/few)、only叶状语、so/such.that结构 2.例句： 高中下册沪外版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 。Never have I seen such a beautiful place..(否定词置于句首) ●Only in this way can we solve the problem.(only+状语置于句首) 3.完全倒装（将谓语动词完全置于主语前） l.适用场景：表示地点/方位的副词(here/there/out/in)或介词短语置于句首，且主语为名词 2.例句： ·Here comes the bus..（副词here置于句首，主语the bus为名词) ●On the hill stands a tall tree.(介词短语On the hill置于句首) 4.特殊倒装结构（固定句型） 1.so/neither/nor开头的省略倒装：表示”也如此/也不’，需与前文谓动一致 2.例句 ·She likes music,and so do I.(我也喜欢音乐) 。He can't swim,nor can his brother.(他弟弟也不会游泳) 知识点二：强调结构与倒装句 l.强调结构(It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他) 1.强调对象及连接词选择： ·被强调部分为人时，连接词可用hat或who ●被强调部分为物、时间、地点等时，只能用tht 2.句式结构及时态： ·一般现在时：Itis+被强调部分+that/who+其他 ●一般过去时：It was+被强调部分+that/who+其他 3.例句 ·It is Tom who/hat helped me yesterday..(强调人Tom,一般过去时用was,helped为过去式) ·It was in the park that I met her last Sunday.(强调地点in the park,用that) ·It is English that we learn every morning.(强调物English,一般现在时用is) 2.部分倒装（将助动词/情态动词/be动词提到主语前） 1.否定词位于句首时(never,hardly,,seldom,rarely,not until,by no means等)： 2 高中下册沪外版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 。结构：否定词+助动词/情态动词b动词+主语+其他 。例句： l.Never have I seen such a beautiful place..(否定词never位于句首，助动词have提到主语I前) 2.Hardly had he arrived when the rain started.（否定词hardly位于句首，助动词had提到主语he 前) 3.Not until she left did I realize my mistake.(否定词not until位于句首，助动词did提到主语I 前) 2.”oy+状语”位于句首时（状语可为副词、介词短语或从句）： 。结构：Only+状语+助动词/情态动词be动词+主语+其他 ●例句： l.Only then did I understandhis meaning.(only+副词then位于句首，助动词did提到主语I前) 2.Only in this way can we solve the problem.(only+介词短语in this way位于句首，情态动词 can提到主语we前) 3.Only when he came back did she go to bed.(only+时间状语从句when he came back位于句 首，助动词did提到主语she前) 3.完全倒装（将表语状语提到主语前，主语为名词时） 1.here/here/in/out/up/dowm等副词位于句首时： ·结构：副词+动词+主语（名词） 。例句： l.Here comes the bus.(副词here位于句首，动词comes提到主语the bus前) 2.Out rushed the children..（副词out位于句首，动词ushed提到主语the children前) 2.介词短语位于句首时（表示地点）： ·结构：介词短语+动词+主语（名词） 。例句： l.On the desk lie three books.(介词短语on the desk位于句首，动词lie提到主语three books 前) 2.In front of the house stands a tall tree..(介词短语in front of the house位于句首，动词stands提 到主语a tall tree前) 知识点三：强调与倒装 1.强调句型（中考核心) 1.基础结构拓展（中考必背)： 3 高中下册沪外版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 ·Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分→例句：It was Tom who helped me yesterday..(强调 人用who) ·It is/was+被强调部分+that+其他部分→例句：It is in the park that we will have a picnic.(强调 地点用that) 2.特殊句式转换（中考易错）： ●强调时间状语→例句：It was last night that I met her.(原句：I met her last night.) 。强调宾语→例句：It is English that I like best..(原句：I like English best.) 。强调原因状语→例句：It was because he was ill that he didn't come..(原句：He didn't come because he was ill.) 2.部分倒装（中考常考) 1.基础结构拓展（中考必背）： ·So+助动词情态动词+主语(…也一样)→例句：She likes English,so do I. 。Neither//Nor+助动词/情态动词+主语(…也不)→例句：He can't swim,nor can I. 。Only+状语+助动词/情态动词+主语→例句：Only in this way can we solve the problem. 2.特殊句式搭配（中考易错）： 。否定词位于句首→例句：Never have I seen such a beautiful place..(原句：I have never seen such a beautiful place.) 。Hardly..when.（一…就…)→例句：Hardly had I arrived home when it began to rain. ●No sooner..than..(一…就…)→例句：No sooner had she gone out than the phone rang. 3.全部倒装（中考了解) 1.基础结构拓展（中考必背）： ·There be句型→例句：There is a book on the desk, 。Here/There/Now/Then+不及物动词+主语→例句：Here comes the bus.. ●方位副词位于句首→例句：Out rushed the children. 2.特殊句式搭配（中考易错）： 。表语位于句首→例句：Gone are the days when we lived a hard life.. 。分词短语位于句首→例句：Sitting on the sofa is my grandfather. 。形容词短语位于句首→例句：Happy are those who are content. 考法精析 考法一：强调结构判断与运用 4 高中下册沪外版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 核心：识别被强调成分（主语/宾语/状语等），正确使用强调句型'It is/was+被强调部分+that/who +其他成分” 真题1（语法填空)： It was yesterdayI met my old friend in the park. 答案：that 解析：被强调部分为时间状语”yesterday”,，强调句型中被强调部分为非人称时用that连接。 真题2（完形填空）： -helped me solve the problem last week. A.It was Tom who B.Tom was who C.Who was Tom D.Tom it was who 答案：A 解析：强调句型结构为'It is/was+被强调部分+who/that.”,此处被强调部分为主语Tom'且指人， 用who连接，完整结构为It was Tom who helped me..。 考法二：强调结构与非谓语动词结合 核心：在强调句中正确使用非谓语动词（不定式、动名词、分词）作被强调成分或其他成分 真题1（语法填空）： It was(solve)the problem that took them three hours. 答案：solving 解析：被强调部分为句子主语，需用动名词形式作主语，solve的动名词为solving。 真题2（单项选择）： It is the novelby Mo Yan that I want to read. A.writing B.written C.to write D.write 答案：B 解析：被强调部分后需用过去分词短语作定语修饰novel,表示被动完成，write的过去分词为written。 考法三：虚拟语气与倒装结构结合 核心：在虚拟条件句中省略f时使用部分倒装，将助动词情态动词置于主语前 真题1（语法填空）： -(be)I you,I would choose to study abroad. 答案：Were 解析：虚拟条件句中省略f时，需将wee置于句首构成部分倒装，符合与现在事实相反的虚拟结 构。 真题2（单项选择)： -he taken the doctor's advice,he would have recovered sooner. A.Should B.Had C.Were D.Did 答案：B 解析：虚拟条件句中省略f时，与过去事实相反的从句需将had置于句首构成部分倒装，原句为If he had taken... 高中下册沪外版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 考法四：非谓语动词与虚拟语气结合 核心：在虚拟语气句型中正确使用非谓语动词作主语、宾语或状语 真题1（语法填空)： It is suggested that we avoid_(make)the same mistake again. 答案：making 解析：虚拟语气句型It is suggested that.中，avoid后需接动名词作宾语，make的动名词为making。 真题2（单项选择）： Withouthard,you would not have passed the exam. A.work B.working C.to work D.worked 答案：B 解析：含蓄虚拟语气中without后接动名词作宾语，构成“without+动名词”结构相当于虚拟条件 句，work的动名词为working。 考法五：强调结构、倒装与虚拟语气的综合运用 核心：结合语境判断是否需使用强调结构突出特定成分，根据否定词、oly+状语等标志词判断是 否需倒装，同时依据时间和假设情况选择正确的虚拟语气形式。 真题1（单项选择)： It was not until she got home she realized she her keys in the office.And only then she call her husband for help. A.that;had left;did B.when:left:would C.that;has left;could D.when;had left;did 答案：A 解析：第一空考查强调结构，“It was not until.that.”为固定强调句型，排除B、D;第二空“忘 带钥匙”发生在“意识到”之前，是过去的过去，用过去完成时“had left”:第三空“only+状语 (then)”置于句首，句子需部分倒装，结合时态用“did”提前，故选A。 真题2（语法填空）： IfI(be)you,I wouldremember that it was in the library_we met for the first time.Never-(forget) such an important moment! 答案：were;that,forget 解析：第一空考查虚拟语气，与现在事实相反，be动词用were;第二空考查强调结构，“twas+ 地点状语+that”强调地点in the library;第三空“Never”置于句首，句子需部分倒装，原句应为 “You should never forget.”,此处为祈使句省略主语，直接用动词原形forget。 解题小妙招 6 高中下册沪外版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 强调句型妙招 强调句型It is/was,被强调部分放中间： 人用who物用hat,其他成分跟后边： 去掉It is/was that,句子完整即正确。 虚拟倒装妙招 虚拟条件省了f,部分倒装要牢记： 现在过去与将来，were had should提句首： 与现相反were提前，与过相反had领先： 与将相反should来，助动情态置主语前。 非谓结合妙招 强调非谓看成分，主语用动名，定语被动用过分： 虚拟非谓需注意，suggest后avoid接动名； without后跟动名词，含蓄虚拟结构清。 综合运用妙招 强调虚拟加非谓，结构识别是首位： 先找It is/was that,再判虚拟时间态： 非谓成分看搭配，层层分析答案来。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题（共10题) 1.It was in the library_I found the missing book yesterday. A.where B.that C.which D.when 2.Only by practicing every day-improve your spoken English. A.you can B.can you C.you will D.will you 3.-the early bus,he got up at 5 o'clock this morning. A.Catch B.Catching C.To catch D.Caught 4.The teacher asked us_mobile phones in class. A.not use B.not to use C.don't use D.not using 5.If I_more time last week,I would have finished the report. A.have B.had C.had had D.would have 6.It is important that we_环境保护seriously in daily life. A.should take B.take C.taking D.to take 7.from the top of the tower,the city looks even more beautiful A.See B.Seeing C.Seen D.To see 7 高中下册沪外版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 8.She wishes she the chance to study abroad last year. A.has B.had C.hadhad D.would have 9.Without your support,wethe project on time. A.wouldn't finish B.wouldn't have finished C.didn't finish D.hadn't finished 10.It was_the old photo that reminded me of my childhood. A.seeing B.saw C.see D.to see 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.Never_(I meet)such a kind person before. 2.It is suggested that the meeting-(put off)until next Monday. 3.The girl(read)a book in the corner is my sister. 4.I would rather you_(not tell)him the truth yesterday. 5.-(learn)English well,he practices speaking every morning 6.If I(be)you,I would accept the invitation 7.She was heard(sing)in the next room when I passed by. 8.It was Tom_helped me with my homework last night. 9.(not know)his address,I couldn't send him the letter 10.But for the heavy rain,we(go)for a picnic yesterday. 演练三：语法填空试题（共10空) A group of students recently participated in an English comner activity.It was during this activity 1.they realized the importance of 2.(communicate)with others in English.One student said,"IfI 3.(start) practicing earlier,I would be more confident now."Another student mentioned that it was the teacher's encouragement 4.-gave her the courage to speak up.The organizer suggested that they 5.-(hold) similar activities every week.6.-(improve)their language skills,some students decided to form a study group.When asked about their goals,one student said,"I wish I 7.(can speak)English fluently in three months."8.-(see)their enthusiasm,the teacher noted that nothing is more important than persistence."It is necessary that we 9.-(keep)practicing every day,"she added.Indeed,without 10.(work)hard,no progress can be made. 答案区 演练-：1B2.B3.C4.B5.C6.A7.C8.C9.B10.A 演练二： 1.have I met 8 高中下册沪外版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 2.(should)be put off 3.reading 4.hadn't told 5.To learn 6.were 7.singing 8.who/that 9.Not knowing 10.would have gone 演练三： 1.that 2.communicating 3.had started 4.that 5.(should)hold 6.To improve 7.could speak 8.Seeing 9.(should)keep 10.working