限定性与非限定性定语从句-2025-2026学年高中英语必修一语法知识点全解（外研版）

高中必修1外研版 【语法专版】 A版知识点全解 语法专版 【专题】限定性与非限定性定语从句 高中英语必修1语法专项突破 考频分析 高一外研版必修1中，限定性与非限定性定语从句是重点语法模块，考频占句法总量的15%左右， 贯穿试卷核心题型：单项选择2-3题、完形填空2-3题、语法填空1-2题、书面表达核心考察，直 接影响句子逻辑与信息准确性。在语境理解类题目中，关系词的选择、逗号的使用及从句与先行词 的逻辑关系往往是解题关键。 考查内容 。基本用法辨析：限定性定语从句（无逗号，修饰先行词表限定）与非限定性定语从句（有逗号，补 充说明先行词)的语法功能差异 ·引导词选用：关系代词(which/who/whom/whose/that)与关系副词(where/when/why)的适用场景， 重点区分hat与which在限定性从句中的特殊用法及非限定性从句中只能用which的规则 ·句法与逻辑：从句对主句意思表达的影响（限定性从句不可或缺，非限定性从句去除后主句意思仍 完整)，以及与主句之间的逻辑关系（补充说明、因果、对比等）在语境中的判断 知识点一：限定性与非限定性定语从句 1.限定性定语从句（修饰先行词，不可或缺，无逗号隔开） 1.作用：明确先行词的范围，若删除从句，主句意义不完整 2.引导词：that(指人W物，不可用于非限定性从句)、which(指物)、who(指人，主格)、whom(指 人，宾格)、whose(表所属) 3.例句： ·This is the book that I bought yesterday.(that指物，限定”书”是”昨天买的那本”) ·The girl who is standing there is my sister.(who指人，限定”女孩”是”站在那里的那个”) 2.非限定性定语从句（补充说明先行词，可省略，有逗号隔开） 高中必修1外研版 【语法专版】 A版知识点全解 1.作用：对先行词进行附加说明，删除后主句意义仍完整 2.引导词：which(指物/整个主句内容)、who(指人)、whom(指人入、whose(表所属)，不可用that 3.例句： 。My brother,who is a doctor,works in Beijing.(who指人，补充说明”哥哥是医生”，逗号隔开) ·She passed the exam,which made her parents very happy.(which指代整个主句内容，说明”通过考 试”这件事的结果) 知识点二：限定性与非限定性定语从句 1.限定性定语从句（修饰先行词，不可省略，无逗号隔开） 1.功能特点：对先行词起限定作用，明确所指对象，省略后句子意思不完整 2.常用关系代词/副词：hat(指人/物，作主语/宾语：先行词为不定代词/最高级/序数词时只能用hat)、 which(指物，作主语/宾语)、who(指人，作主语)、whom(指人，作宾语)、whose(指人/物，作 定语)、when(指时间，作状语)、where(指地点，作状语)、why(指原因，修饰reason,作状语) 3.例句： ●This is the book that/.which I bought yesterday.(先行词book指物，关系代词that/which作bought 的宾语，可省略) ·The girl who is wearing a red dress is my sister.（先行词girl指人，关系代词who作主语，不可省 略) ·I still remember the day when we first met..（先行词day指时间，关系副词when作时间状语) 2.非限定性定语从句（补充说明先行词，可省略，用逗号隔开） 1.功能特点：对先行词或整个主句进行补充说明，去掉后句子主干意思仍完整，翻译时常译为独立短 句 2.常用关系代词/副词：which(指物/整个主句，作主语/宾语)、who(指人，作主语)、whom(指人， 作宾语)、whose(指人物，作定语)、when(指时间，作状语)、where(指地点，作状语)（不可用 hat,关系代词不可省略) 3.例句： ·My brother,,who is a doctor,works in Beijing.（先行词brother指人，非限定从补充说明职业，用 逗号隔开，who不可用that替换) ·She passed the exam,which made her parents very happy.(which指代整个主句'她通过考试”这件 事，作主语) 。We visited the Great Wall,.where many tourists were taking photos..（先行词Great Wall指地点，关 系副词where作地点状语) 高中必修1外研版 【语法专版】 A版知识点全解 3.关键区别对比 1.逗号使用：限定性无逗号，非限定性有逗号 例句：限定性：The students who study hard will pass the exam.(特指'努力学习的'学生) 非限定性：The students,who study hard,will pass the exam.(所有学生都努力学习，补充说明) 2.hat使用：限定性可用于指人/物，非限定性不可用hat 3.省略情况：限定性中作宾语的关系代词可省略，非限定性中关系代词/副词不可省略 例句：限定性：This is the pen(which/.hat)Ilost..(可省略which/that) 非限定性：This pen,which I bought last week,is very expensive.(which不可省略) 知识点三：限定性与非限定性定语从句 1.限定性定语从句 1.基础特征（中考必背)： 。修饰先行词，与先行词关系紧密，不可省略（省略后句意不完整）→例句：The girl who is wearing a red dress is my sister. 。通常用that/which/who/whom/whose引导（指物可用that/which,指人可用that/who/whom)→例 句：This is the book that I bought yesterday. 。无逗号隔开先行词与从句→例句：We visited the museum which has a lot of ancient paintings. ●先行词为物时，关系代词which/hat可作主语或宾语（作宾语时可省略）→例句：The story(which) my mother told me is very interesting. 2.非限定性定语从句 1.基础特征（中考必背)： ·修饰先行词或整个句子，关系松散，可省略（省略后句意仍完整）→例句：My brother,who is a doctor,works in a big hospital. 。必须用逗号与主句隔开→例句：We visited the Great Wall,,which is one of the greatest wonders in the world. 。指物时只能用which(不可用hat),指人时用who/whom(不可用that)一例句：Yesterday I met Mary,whom I hadn't seen for years. ·关系代词不可省略（无论作主语还是宾语）一例句：She lost her new bike,.which cost her 1000 yuan 。可修饰整个主句内容，常用which引导→例句：He passed the exam,which made his parents very happy 3.易混点对比（中考易错） 3 高中必修1外研版 【语法专版】 A版知识点全解 1.限定性从句无逗号，非限定性从句有逗号→例句：The student who is standing there is from Class 1. (限定)/The student,.who is standing there,.is from Class 1.(非限定) 2.限定性从句中that可指人/物，非限定性从句中不可用that→例句：This is the house that we lived in last year.(限定)/This house,which we lived in last year,is very old.(非限定) 3.限定性从句修饰特定先行词，非限定性从句补充说明（常译为”而”其中”）→例句：Ihave a sister who is a teacher..(限定：我有一个当老师的姐姐<可能还有其他姐姐>)/I have a sister,who is a teacher..(非限定：我有一个姐姐，她是一名老师<只有一个姐姐>) 考法精析 考法一：引导词that与which的用法辨析 核心：根据定语从句的限定性/非限定性及先行词特征（如是否为不定代词、被最高级修饰等），选 择正确的引导词that或which 真题1（语法填空）： This is the most interesting story-I have ever read. 答案：that 解析：限定性定语从句，先行词story被最高级the most interesting修饰，只能用hat引导。 真题2（完形填空）： She bought a new dress,-is very beautiful. A.that B.which C.who D.whom 答案：B 解析：非限定性定语从句，先行词dess指物，不可用hat,应用which引导。 考法二：限定性与非限定性定语从句引导词综合运用 核心：根据从句与先行词的逻辑关系（限定/补充说明）及语法规则，选择正确的引导词 真题1（语法填空）： The novel he recommended last week is very interesting. 答案：that/which 解析：限定性定语从句，先行词为物'novel'',从句中recommended缺宾语，可用that/which或省略 真题2（完形填空）： She bought a new dress,-cost her 300 yuan. A.that B.which C.who D.whose 答案：B 解析：非限定性定语从句，先行词为物'dess”,不可用that,需用which指代先行词并在从句中作 主语 考法三：限定性与非限定性定语从句综合辨析及引导词选择 高中必修1外研版 【语法专版】 A版知识点全解 核心：结合逗号使用、引导词ht的禁用规则、关系代词/副词的语法功能，区分限定性与非限定性 定语从句并正确选择引导词 真题1（单项选择)： This is the museum-we visited last week.It has a lot of ancient paintings. A.where B.which C.who D.when 答案：B 解析：从句中”visited,后缺少宾语，先行词'nuseum”指物，限定性定语从句中作宾语用which/that, 此处选项中无that,故选B。 真题2（语法填空)： My brother,_is a teacher,often helps me with my English 答案：who 解析：逗号隔开为非限定性定语从句，先行词brother'指人，在从句中作主语，不可用hat,故填 who 解题小妙招 定语从句引导词妙招 限定非限看逗号，无逗限定有逗非： 限定物用that/which,最高级不定代词只用that: 非限物只用wich,指人主格用who: 所属关系用whose,名词前加表”…的”。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题 1.This is the only bookstore_sells second-hand English novels. A.which B.who C.that D.where 2.We will never forget the daywe won the school football match. A.which B.when C.that D.what 3.My sister,_is a doctor,volunteers at the community clinic every weekend. A.who B.that C.whom D.which 4.He donated all the moneyhe earned last year to charity. A.which B.what C.that D.whom 5.The company,-products are popular worldwide,was founded in 1990 A.whose B.which C.who D.that 6.She passed the driving test,-made her parents very proud. A.that B.which C.who D.what 高中必修1外研版 【语法专版】 A版知识点全解 7.This is the most inspiring story_I have ever read. A.which B.that C.what D.who 8.I met the girl-you talked about yesterday at the library. A.which B.whom C.whose D.when 9.We visited the museum_was built in memory of the famous scientist A.where B.when C.which D.what 10.His brother,works in New York,will return to China next month. A.whom B.that C.which D.who 演练二：填空试题 1.The book-cover is green belongs to my teacher. 2.She loves music_helps her relax after work. 3.We visited the city-the Olympic Games were held in 2008 4.My father,_used to be a soldier,often tells me stories about his army life. 5.This is the first timeI have seen such a beautiful sunset. 6.He refused to tell me the reason-he was late for the meeting. 7.The students_are from Class Three won the debate competition. 8.She bought a new laptop,-cost her over 8,000 yuan. 9.Do you remember the parkwe flew kites together last spring? 10.All_we need is your support and encouragement. 演练三：语法填空试题 I recently read a novel 1.-tells the story of a young girl 2.dreams of becoming a writer.The girl,3. grew up in a small village,faces many challenges.Her parents,4.-wanted her to become a teacher,didn't support her dream at first.However,she never gave up,5.impressed me deeply. The novel,6.-was written by a famous author,has been translated into 12 languages.I finished it in three days,7.is surprising because I usually read slowly.The most touching part is the scene 8.the girl receives her first book contract. The story taught me that nothing is impossible for those 9.-work hard.I also realized that the people 10. love us will always stand by us,even if they don't fully understand our choices. 答案区 演练-：1.C2.B3.A4.C5.A6.B7B8B9.C10D 演练二：1.whose2.which/that3.where4.who5.that6.why7.who/that8.which9.where10.that 1.which/that 2.who/that 3.who 4.who 5.which 6.which 7.which 8.where 9.who/that 10.who/that 6