词法 04-2025-2026学年英语中考复习语法知识点全解（外研版)

初中外研版 【词法专版】 A版知识点全解 词法专版 【专题】数词：基数词（数量表达）、序数 词（顺序表达）、日期/编号用法 词法专项突破 考频分析 初三外研版中，数词是重点语法模块，考频占词法总量的15%左右，涉及试卷多个核心题型：单项 选择(1-2题)、完形填空(2-3题)、语法填空(1-2题)、书面表达（基础考察，影响时间、数量表达 准确性)。在语境理解类题目中，基数词与序数词的区分、日期与编号的正确表达往往是解题关键。 考查内容 ·基数词应用：表示数量的基本表达（如整数、分数、小数）及在计量、编号中的使用 。序数词应用：表示顺序的基本构成与功能，在日期、名次、楼层等场景中的辨析 。特殊用法：日期表达（年、月、日的组合规则）、编号用法（如房间号、电话号码的读写规范） 知识点一：数词的分类及基础用法 1.基数词（表示数量） 。常见类型：one(一)、two(二)、ten(十)、hundred(百)、thousand(千)、million（百万) 。例句：(1)There are three books on the desk.(表示数量“三”)(2)He has two hundred dollars.（表 示数量“二百”) 2.序数词（表示顺序） 。常见类型：first(第一)、second(第二)、third（第三)、tenth(第十)、twentieth(第二十)、 hundredth(第一百) 。例句：(I)She is the first student to arrive.(表示顺序“第一")(2)Today is his twelfth birthday..(表 示顺序“第十二”) 3.日期/编号用法 。日期表达：月份+序数词（如：October 1st十月一日）、序数词+of+月份（如：the first of October 十月一日) 初中外研版 【词法专版】 A版知识点全解 。编号表达：名词+基数词（如：Lesson Five第五课）、the+序数词+名词（如：the fifth lesson第 五课)》 。例句：(1)My birthday is on June3rd.(日期用法，六月三日)(2)We are learning Unit4.(编号用 法，第四单元) 知识点二：数词的用法 1.基数词（表示数量） 1.基本构成 1-12:one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve 13-19:thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen (-teen) 20-90整十数：twenty,thirty,forty,fifty,.sixty,seventy,eighty,ninety(词尾加-ty) 21-99非整十数：几十+连字符+个位，如twenty-one(21)、thirty-five(35) l00及以上：百位用基数词+hundred,百位和十位/个位间加and(英式)，如one hundred and twenty-three(123):千位用thousand,.如two thousand(2000) 2.用法 表示数量：直接修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词，如hree books(三本书)、five bottles of water (五瓶水) 表示年龄、时间、距离等：He is twelve years old.(他l2岁。)、It'steno'clock.(l0点钟了。) The park is two kilometers away.(公园有两公里远。) 2.序数词（表示顺序） 1.基本构成 1-3:first (1st),second (2nd),third (3rd) 4-19:fourth (4th),fifth (5th),sixth (6th),seventh (7th),eighth (8th),ninth (9th),tenth (10th),eleventh (11th),twelfth (12th),thirteenth (13th),fourteenth (14th),fifteenth (15th) ,sixteenth(16th),seventeenth(17th),eighteenth(18th),nineteenth(19h)(一般在基数词后 加-th,特殊变化：five→fifth,twelve-→twelfth,eight→eighth,nine→ninth) 20-90:twentieth (20th),thirtieth (30th),fortieth (40th),fiftieth (50th),sixtieth (60th) seventieth (70th),eightieth (80th),ninetieth (90th)(yi-eth 21-99非整十数：序数词=整十数序数词+连字符+个位序数词，如twenty-.first(2lst)、thirty-third (33rd) 2.用法 表示顺序，前面常加定冠词he,如the first lesson(第一课)、the fifth floor(五楼) 表示日期：May1st(5月1日)、October12th(10月12日) 3.日期与编号用法 1.日期表达（月-日-年或日-月年） 月+序数词+年：July5th,2023(2023年7月5日) 序数词+月+年：5 th July,2023(2023年7月5日) 初中外研版 【词法专版】 A版知识点全解 2.编号表达 名词+基数词：Room302(302房间)、Lesson5(第5课) the+序数词+名词：the third chapter(第三章)、the tenth page(第l0页) 3.特殊编号：电话号码、邮政编码等直接用基数词读出，如Tel:138-1234-5678(读作one three eight one two three four five six seven eight) 知识点三：数词 1.基数词（数量表达） 1.基础用法拓展（中考必背）： (I)表示具体数量→例句：There are twenty students in our class. (2)表示年龄一→例句：My brother is fifteen years old. (3)表示时间（整点）→例句：School starts at eight o'clock. 口表示电话号码→例句：My phone number is one three eight zero seven five two six nine four. 口表示价格→例句：The book costs thirty yuan. 口表示距离→例句：It's about five kilometers from my home to school.. 口表示编号（名词+基数词）→例句：We are in Class Three,.Grade Seven ☐表示倍数→例句：This room is twice bigger than that one. 口表示分数（分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1时分母加s)→例句：One third of the students are girls. 口表示概数(hundred/thousand/million前有具体数字时不加s)→例句：There are two hundred people in the hall. 2.特殊结构搭配（中考易错）： (I)hundreds of(成百上千的)→例句：Hundreds of birds are flying in the sky. (2)thousands of(成千上万的)→例句：Thousands of trees are planted every year. (3)millions of(数百万的)→例句：Millions of stars are shining at night, 口in one's+整十基数词复数（在某人几十多岁时）→例句：He became a doctor in his thirties. 2.序数词（顺序表达） 1.基础用法拓展（中考必背）： (I)表示日期（月份+序数词)→例句：My birthday is on June first.. (2)表示楼层→例句：We live on the fifth floor. (3)表示名次→例句：She got the first place in the race 口表示顺序(the+序数词)→例句：The second lesson is about animals. 口序数词前加不定冠词a/an表示”再一，又一”一例句：Can you give me a second chance? 口分数表达（分子用基数词，分母用序数词）→例句：Two thirds of the cake is eaten. 口世纪年代表达(in the+序数词+century)一→例句：We live in the twenty--first century. 口街道门牌号（序数词常缩写）→例句：He lives at No.l02,3 rd Street. 口比赛排名→例句：He won the third prize in the competition. 口顺序副词(first,second,third)→例句：First,I get up;then,I brush my teeth, 3 初中外研版 【词法专版】 A版知识点全解 2.特殊结构搭配（中考易错）： (I)the+序数词+todo(第几个做某事的人/物)一例句：He is the first student to arrive at school. (2)one of the+序数词+形容词最高级+名词复数（最…之一）→例句：It is one of the most important events in the twentieth century. 3.日期/编号用法 1.基础用法拓展（中考必背）： (I)年份表达（两位一组读）→例句：2023 is read as twenty twenty-three. (2)月份缩写（前三个字母）→例句：Jan.is short for January. (3)日期全写（月+日+年)→例句：October 1st,2023 is National Day. ☐日期缩写（日+月+年，日和年用逗号隔开）→例句：1 st Oct,.2023. 口电话号码（逐个数字读）→例句：My phone number is138-0752-6941 口邮政编码→例句：The postcode of Beijing is 100000 口身份证号码（前六位表示地区）→例句：The first six digits of ID card represent the area, ☐航班号→例句：e take Flight CAl501 to Shanghai, ☐房间号(No.+基数词)→例句：Our classroom is Room No.302. 口页码(Page+基数词)→例句：Please turn to Page56. 2.特殊结构搭配（中考易错)： (I)in+年份/月份/季节→例句：We will have a trip in July. (2)on+具体日期/星期→例句：We have a party on Sunday. (3)at+具体时刻→例句：The meeting starts at9o'clock. ☐年代表达(in the+年份复数)→例句：nthe1990s,many changes happened. 考法精析 考法一：基数词与序数词辨析 核心：根据语境判断表示数量还是顺序，选择正确的基数词或序数词形式及用法 真题1（语法填空）： December is the _(twelve)month of the year. 答案：twelfth 解析：此处表示顺序“第十二”，应用序数词：twelve的序数词为twelfth,且前面有定冠词he。 真题2（单项选择）： There arestudents in our class.And I am the_one to get to school today. A.forty,twenty B.forty,twentieth C.fortieth;twenty D.fortieth;twentieth 答案：B 解析：第一空表示数量“四十”，用基数词forty:第二空表示顺序“第二十”，用序数词twentieth, 符合语境“班里有四十名学生，我是今天第二十个到校的”。 4 初中外研版 【词法专版】 A版知识点全解 考法二：数词与日期/编号综合运用 核心：结合基数词、序数词的基本形式及用法规则，正确填写或选择日期、编号的表达方式 真题1（语法填空)： Today is my brother's(twelve)birthday.His party will be on July the(five) 答案：twelfth fifth 解析：第一空表示“第十二个生日”，应用序数词twelfth;第二空日期表达中“五日”用序数词 fifth,且序数词前有定冠词he。 真题2（单项选择)： We will have a test on. A.May 5th B.May 5 C.5th May D.5 May 答案：A 解析：日期表达的常见正确形式为“月份+序数词”，A选项“May5th”符合：B、D选项日期未 用序数词；C选项为英式表达“Day+Moth”,但此处未明确要求英式且选项中A为更常见的正确 形式。 考法三：数词综合运用（基数词、序数词及日期/编号表达） 核心：结合基数词的数量表达、序数词的顺序表达及日期/编号的规范用法，解决语境中的数词辨 析与应用问题。 真题1（单项选择)： My brother was born on_and he had his-birthday party last week A.July 10th;twelve B.July 10;twelfth C.July 10th;twelfth D.July 10;twelve 答案：C 解析：日期表达需用“月份+序数词”，第一空应为y10th:“第十二个生日”表示顺序，应用序 数词twelfth,故选C。 真题2（语法填空）： There are about two_(hundred)students in our grade,and the_(three)lesson today is about numbers. 答案：hundred third 解析：第一空前有具体数字“two”,hundred不加s,填hundred;第二空表示“第三节课”，用序数 词third。 解题小妙招 5 初中外研版 【词法专版】 A版知识点全解 基数序数先辨析，数量基数序顺序： 序数前常加定冠，基数直接表数目： 日期表达要注意，月份之后跟序数： 编号用法看格式，常见“月份+序数词”。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择（共10题） 1.My mother isyears old,and today is her birthday. A.forty,fortieth B.forty,forty C.fortieth;forty D.fortieth:fortieth 2.There arestudents in the hall,and_of them are girls. A.two hundred:two third B.two hundreds:two thirds C.two hundred:two thirds D.two hundreds;two third 3.We will have a trip on_ A.June 3 B.June 3rd C.3 June D.3th June 4.-Which lesson are you learning? -We are learning-. A.Lesson ninth B.ninth Lesson C.the nine lesson D.Lesson Nine 5.He is student to finish the homework,and it's his time to get the first place. A.the first:three B.first;third C.the first;third D.first;three 6.There are-books on the shelf,and I need_one. A.hundred of;the fifth B.hundreds of;fifth 6 初中外研版 【词法专版】 A版知识点全解 C.hundreds of;the fifth D.hundred of:fifth 7.My phone number is 139-8765-4321.Please read it as_ A.one three nine eight seven six five four three two one B.one hundred thirty-nine eight hundred seventy-six five thousand four hundred thirty-two one C.one three nine eight hundred seventy-six five four thousand three hundred twenty-one D.one thirty-nine eight seventy-six five forty-three twenty-one 8.-How old is your sister? —She is agirl.. A.eight-year-old B.eight-years-old C.eight years old D.eighth-year-old 9.of the earth is covered with water. A.Two third B.Two thirds C.Second thirds D.Second third 10.He lives inand studies in_ A.Room 502:the fifth grade B.502 Room;Grade Fifth C.Room 502;Grade five D.502 Room;the five grade 演练二：填空（共10题） 1.There are(seven)days in a week,and Tuesday is the(three)day. 2.My grandfather is(eighty)years old,and today is his(eighty)birthday. 3.We need-(two)kilos of apples and(one)kilo of bananas. 4.September 10th is(teacher)Day,and it's on the(ten)of September. 5.There are about(five hundred)students in our school,and(hundred)of them like sports. 6.This is my(one)time to visit Shanghai,but it's my brother's(three)time. 7.Please turn to(page)45 and read the(four)paragraph. 8.-(three)of the students in my class are from the city,and the rest are from the countryside. 9.The meeting will start at_(nine)o'clock in the morning on (May)6th. 10.My new house is on the (twelve)floor,and the room number is_(105) 7 初中外研版 【词法专版】 A版知识点全解 演练三：语法填空（共10空） Dear Tom, I'm happy to tell you about my life in China.Today is October Ist,which is National Day.It's the (one)day of October,and it's also my friend Li Ming's(thirteen)birthday.He invited me to his party at-(six)o'clock this evening. Li Ming lives in Room_(304),and his home is on the (five)floor.There are about(two hundred) people in his building.His mother prepared(three)kinds of cakes,and I like the chocolate one best. Tomorrow,we will visit the Great Wall.It's about(eight)kilometers from our school.We will meet at the school gate at(seven thirty)in the morning.I think it will be a great trip! By the way,my new phone number is 136-(2851)-7903.Please call me when you are free. Best wishes, John 答案区 演练-：1.A2.C3B4.D5.C6.C7.A8.A9B10.A 1.seven,third 2.eighty,eightieth 3.two,one 4.Teachers',tenth 5.five hundred,hundreds 6. first,third 7.Page,fourth 8.Three 9.nine,May 10.twelfth,105 1.first 2.thirteenth 3.six 4.304 5.fifth 6.two hundred 7.three 8.eight 9.seven thirty 10. two eight five one P