复合句 02-2025-2026学年英语中考复习语法知识点全解（外研版)

初三下册外研版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 寒假专版 【专题】并列句：and/but/or/so等连词连接 两个简单句 语法专项突破 考频分析 初三外研版中，并列句是重点语法模块，考频占句法总量的15%左右，贯穿试卷核心题型：单项选 择(2-3题)、完形填空(2-3题)、语法填空(1-2题)、书面表达（核心考察，直接影响句子逻辑关 系与连贯性)。在语境理解类题目中，and/but/orso等连词的辨析及上下文逻辑关系的判断往往是解 题关键。 考查内容 ·连词辨析：and表并列、but表转折、or表选择、so表因果等连词的语义区分与功能匹配 ·句式结构：两个简单句的独立性判断，主谓结构完整性及标点符号（逗号+连词）的规范使用 。语境逻辑：根据上下文语境选择恰当连词，理解并列句在复合语境中的逻辑关系表达 知识点一：并列句的构成及用法 1.定义：由并列连词连接两个或多个简单句构成，各分句地位平等，可独立成句。 2.常见并列连词及用法 。表并列关系(and):连接两个意义相近或平行的分句一例句：I like apples and my sister likes bananas 。表转折关系(but):连接意义相反或相对的分句→例句：She is young but she works very hard. 。表选择关系(or):连接供选择的分句→例句：Do you want tea or coffee? 。表因果关系(so):连接表示结果的分句→例句：He was tired so he went to bed early. 3.注意事项 ·并列连词前通常用逗号隔开一例句：I finished my homework,and then I watched TV, 。各分句时态需根据语境保持一致→例句：She usually walks to school but today she took a bus. 初三下册外研版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 知识点二：并列向的连接与用法 1.表示并列关系(and) ·基本用法：连接两个意义相近、顺承的简单句，意为“和：并且” 。例句： 1.She likes singing and she often practices in the morning.（她喜欢唱歌，并且经常在早上练习。) 2.Tom is reading a book and his sister is doing homework.(汤姆在看书，他妹妹在做作y业。) 2.表示转折关系(but) 。基本用法：连接两个意义相反或相对的简单句，意为“但是：然而” ·例句： l.I tried my best,.but I still failed the exam.(我尽了全力，但还是没通过考试。) 2.He is very young,but he knows a lot.(他很年轻，但知道很多东西。) 3.表示选择关系(or) 。基本用法：连接两个供选择的简单句，意为“或者：否则” 。例句： 1.You can go by bus or you can walk there.(你可以坐公交车去，或者步行去。) 2.Hurry up,or you will miss the train.(快点，否则你会错过火车。) 4.表示因果关系(s0) ·基本用法：连接两个有因果关系的简单句，前句表原因，后句表结果，意为“所以：因此” ·例句： l.It was raining heavily,so we stayed at home.(雨下得很大，所以我们待在了家里。) 2.She studied hard,.so she got good grades..(她学习很努力，所以取得了好成绩。) 5.并列句的标点规则 。两个简单句由and/but/or/so连接时，若两个分句均有主语，通常在连词前加逗号 ·例句： 1.I like apples,and my brother likes bananas.(前后分句均有主语“I”和“my brother”,连词前 加逗号) 2.He was tired,.but he kept working.(前后分句均有主语“He”,连词前加逗号) ·若两个分句共享同一主语，连词前通常不加逗号 。例句： l.She opened the door and walked into the room.(两个分句主语均为“She”,共享主语，连词前 不加逗号) 2.He finished his homework but forgot to hand it in.(两个分句主语均为“He”,共享主语，连词 前不加逗号) 2 初三下册外研版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 知识点三：并列向的连接词用法 1.表示并列关系(and类) ·and(和；并且)→例句：I like apples and my sister likes bananas.. 。both...and.(两者都)→例句：Both Tom and Lucy are good at English. ●not only.but also.(不仅…而且…)→例句：She not only sings well but also dances beautifully. 2.表示转折关系(but类) 。but(但是)→例句：He is tired but he still works hard, 。yet(然而)→例句：It's raining,yet we have to go out. 。however(然而，注意用逗号隔开)→例句：She studied hard,however she didn't pass the exam 3.表示选择关系（(or类) ·or(或者：否则)→例句：You can go by bus or take a taxi./Hurry up,or you'll be late. 。either.or.(要么…要么…)→例句：Either you come here,or I go there. 4.表示因果关系(s0类) 。so(所以)→例句：He was ill,so he didn't go to school. 。for(因为，补充说明原因)→例句：I didn't go out,.for it was raining heavily.. 5.特殊句式（中考易错） 。”祈使句+and/or+简单句”→例句：Study hard,.and you will pass the exam./Be careful,or you will make mistakes. 。避免并列句中连接词重复使用（如because和so不可同时使用）一错误：Because he was late,.so he missed the bus.E:Because he was late,he missed the bus./He was late,so he missed the bus. 考法精析 考法一：并列连词辨析 核心：根据语境判断分句间逻辑关系（并列、转折、选择、因果），选择恰当的并列连词(and/but/or/so) 真题1（单项选择）： I like playing basketball my brother likes playing football. A.and B.but C.or D.so 答案：A解析：前后分句“我喜欢打篮球”和“我弟弟喜欢踢足球”为并列关系，用and连接。 真题2（单项选择)： Hurry up,you will miss the early bus. A.and B.but C.or D.so 答案：C解析：前后分句为条件警告关系，“快点”和“错过早班车”构成“否则”逻辑，用o 3 初三下册外研版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 连接。 考法二：并列连词与标点符号综合运用 核心：判断并列句中并列连词前的标点使用是否正确，掌握逗号与并列连词的搭配规则 真题1（语法填空)： She likes singing she is not good at it. 答案：but解析：前后分句“喜欢唱歌”与“不擅长”为转折关系，用but连接：简单句间用并列 连词连接时，连词前通常需加逗号，但本句因两句主语一致且结构简洁，可省略逗号直接连接（注： 此处符合初中阶段对简单并列句的基础要求，复杂句需严格加逗号)。 真题2（完形填空）： I finished my homework then I watched TV. A.and B.but C.or D.so 答案：A解析：前后分句“完成作业”与“看电视”为顺承关系，用and连接；根据并列句标点 规则，and连接两个独立简单句时前需加逗号，句中已出现逗号，故选择表顺承的and。 考法三：并列句的综合运用与标点规则 核心：结合并列连词(and/but/or/so)的语义功能，判断分句间逻辑关系并正确使用标点符号，同时 注意共享主语时的省略规则 真题1（单项选择)： She is good at singing she doesn't like dancing at all. A.and B.but C.or D.so 答案：B解析：前分句”擅长唱歌'与后分句”根本不喜欢跳舞”构成转折关系，应用but连接；两 个分句主语均为”sh”,但因存在转折逻辑且为独立简单句，符合”有主语时连词前加逗号”的规则 (此处选项中未体现标点，但考点侧重连词选择)。 真题2（语法填空）： Hurry up you will miss the early bus.(填连词) 答案：o解析：前分句”快点”与后分句错过早班车构成警告条件下的选择关系，应用or连接： 此处为”祈使句+o+简单句结构，符合o表”否则”的用法，且因前分句为祈使句无主语，连词 前不加逗号。 解题小妙招 并列连词妙招 并列连词看逻辑，并列顺承用and,转折关系选but: 选择警告要用or,因果结果then so: 标点逗号是关键，连词前面常相伴： 简单并列主语同，逗号可省更简洁： 4 初三下册外研版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 语法填空看关系，完形单选辨选项： 真题规律要牢记，连词标点配合好。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择（共10题） 1.I like reading booksmy sister likes watching movies A.and B.but C.or D.so 2.He tried his best he still failed the competition. A.and B.but C.or D.so 3.You can take the bus walk to the park. A.and B.but C.or D.so 4.It was raining heavilywe stayed at home all day. A.and B.but C.or D.so 5.Study hardyou will pass the exam. A.and B.but C.or D.so 6.She is very young she knows a lot about history. A.and B.but C.or D.so 7.Do you prefer teacoffee? A.and B.but C.or D.so 8.He got up late he missed the early bus. A.and B.but C.or D.so 9.The room is small it is very cozy. A.and B.but C.or D.so 10.Be quiet the teacher will be angry. A.and B.but C.or D.so 演练二：填空（共10题) 1.I like applesmy brother likes oranges. 2.She studied hard she got good grades. 3.Hurry up you will be late for school. 4.He is very tall he can't play basketball well. 5.I want to go to the park it is raining now. 6.You can read a book watch TV in your free time 初三下册外研版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 7.The movie was boring we left early. 8.She likes singing dancing. 9.I tried to call you nobody answered. 10.It was cold outside I put on a thick coat. 演练三：语法填空 Tom is a student in Grade 8.He likes sports very much,his favorite sport is basketball.He plays basketball every afternoonhe is very good at it.Last Saturday,he wanted to play basketball with his friends, it rained heavily.He was very sadhe decided to stay at home.At home,he watched a basketball game on TV,he felt a little better.His mother told him,"You can play basketball tomorrow the weather is good."Tom was happyhe started to do his homework.He finished his homework quickly he could watch another game.When he turned on the TV again,his father came in asked him to go to bed.Tom said,"It's still early,I want to watch the game."His father smiled and said,"OK,but you must go to bed before 10 o'clock." 答案区 演练-：1.A2B3.C4.D5.A6.B7.C8.D9B10.C 演练二：1.and2.so3.or4.but5.but6.or7.so8.and9.but10.s0 演练三：1.and2.and3.but4.so5.and6.if7.and8.so9.and10.but 6